Evaluating the Significance of Fasting C-peptide in Conjunction with the Insulin Resistance Index for Assessing Hepatic Fibrosis in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has reached pandemic proportions globally, particularly affecting individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Objective: Our study aims to elucidate the diagnostic value of fasting C-peptide in combination with insulin resistance for assessing hepatic fibrosis in patients with T2DM and comorbid NAFLD.

Design: This was a retrospective study.

Serum Uric Acid to High‑density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio is Associated with Visceral Fat in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

Objective: To determine whether the uric acid/high‑density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (UHR) is associated with visceral fat area (VFA) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: Participants aged 18-70 years with a diagnosis of T2DM were recruited from the National Metabolic Management Center from January 2020 to July 2022. Medical data collected for all participants included medical history, general measures, carotid intima-media thickness, abdominal VFA, and subcutaneous fat area (SFA).

Structurally diverse glycosides with α-glucosidase inhibitory properties from water extract of the leaves of Cyclocarya paliurus.

In this work we investigated the chemical constituents of water extract of the leaves of Cyclocarya paliurus. Two new megastigmane glycosides (3 and 8), three aliphatic alcohol glycosides (9-11), and two aromatic glycosides (12 and 13), along with fourteen known compounds were isolated, and their in vitro inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase was evaluated. Compounds 13 and 15-18 displayed inhibitory activity with IC values varying from 27.

Arjunolic acid from Cyclocarya paliurus ameliorates diabetic retinopathy through AMPK/mTOR/HO-1 regulated autophagy pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Cyclocarya paliurus (CP) is a traditional Chinese herb and possesses a variety of biological activities including anti-hyperglycemia, anti-hyperlipidemia, antioxidant and anti-inflammation. Arjunolic acid (AA) is an abundant and bioactive ingredient in CP that shows significant protection against many metabolic diseases such as diabetic complication. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a serious complication of diabetes and may lead to vision loss.

Comparative study of the laxative effects of konjac oligosaccharides and konjac glucomannan on loperamide-induced constipation in rats.

Dietary fiber is the basic therapeutic method to relieve the symptoms of chronic constipation. The aim of this study was to compare the laxative effect of konjac glucomannan (KGM) and konjac oligosaccharides (KOS) on constipated rats. KGM and KOS were administered to loperamide-induced constipated rats at dosages of 100 mg per kg bw and 400 mg per kg bw for 15 days.