sp. nov., a novel basidiomycetous yeast species isolated from pine tree bark in Gyeongju, South Korea.

A novel yeast species, isolated from the bark of pine trees in Gyeongju, South Korea, and designated as KCTC 37304 (ex-type KACC 410729), is characterized by its genetic, morphological and physiological properties. Molecular phylogenetic analysis involving the D1/D2 domain of the 26S LSU rRNA gene and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region confirms that it belongs to the genus . In comparison to CBS:10065, the type strain of its closest relative, KCTC 37304 exhibits 8 nucleotide substitutions (~2.

Cycloartane-type triterpenoids from Combretum quadrangulare Kurz with PCSK9 secretion inhibitory activities.

Nine previously undescribed (1-9) and seven known (10-16) cycloartane-type triterpenoids were isolated and characterized from Combretum quadrangulare Kurz using physicochemical and spectroscopic methods. The absolute configurations of these compounds were determined through modified Mosher's method and quantum chemical calculation of electronic circular dichroism (ECD) and vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) spectra. Their inhibitory activities against PCSK9 secretion were assessed, and a plausible structure-activity relationship was delineated.

Melanin Inhibitory Effect of Isolated in Incheon, Korea.

There has been a growing interest in skin beauty and antimelanogenic products. Melanogenesis is the process of melanin synthesis whereby melanocytes are activated by UV light or hormone stimulation to produce melanin. Melanogenesis is mediated by several enzymes, such as tyrosinase (TYR), microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), tyrosinase-related protein-1 (TRP-1), and TRP-2.

Notes of Five Wood-Decaying Fungi from Juwangsan National Park in Korea.

Wood-decaying fungi are essential decomposers in forest ecosystems. They decompose wood substrates by producing various lignocellulolytic enzymes, which have significant industrial and medical applications. A survey was conducted at the Juwangsan National Park from 2018 to 2019 to determine the diversity of macrofungi in Korea.

Novel Species from National Parks in Korea: sp. nov.

(Sarcoscyphaceae, Pezizales) is a saprobic fungus characterized by the cup or disc-shaped blight red apothecium and oblong to ellipsoid ascospores. The 18 species of were known to occur in Europe, North America, and tropical Asia. However, up to date, only two species have been reported in Korea.

Unveiling the Diversity of in the Republic of Korea with One New Species, .

is a genus of ectomycorrhizal fungi belonging to the Hydnaceae family. It is widely distributed across different regions of the world, including North America, Europe, and Asia; however, some of them showed disjunct distributions. In recent years, with the integration of molecular techniques, the taxonomy and classification of have undergone several revisions and advancements.

Chemical screening identifies the anticancer properties of .

One of the biggest obstacles in cancer treatment is the development of chemoresistance. To overcome this, attempts have been made to screen novel anticancer substances derived from natural products. The purpose of this study is to find new anticancer candidates in the mycelium culture extract of mushrooms belonging to .

Sophora flavescens Aiton methanol extract exerts anti-inflammatory effects via reduction of Src kinase phosphorylation.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Sophora flavescens Aiton (Family: Leguminosae), an herbal plant, has been used in East Asian home remedies for centuries for treating ulcers, skin burns, fevers, and inflammatory disorders. In addition, the dried root of S. flavescens was also applied for antipyretic, analgesic, antihelmintic, and stomachic uses.

Diversity of the Bambusicolous Fungus in Korea: Discovery of New Species.

Many species have been isolated from bamboo plants - to date, 34 bambusicolous species have been recorded. They are known as saprophytes, endophytes, and plant pathogens. In this study, 242 bambusicolous were isolated from various bamboo materials (branches, culms, leaves, roots, and shoots) and examined using DNA sequence similarity based on the internal transcribed spacer, 28S large subunit ribosomal RNA gene, translation elongation factor 1-alpha, and beta-tubulin regions.

Seven Unrecorded Indigenous Fungi from Mudeungsan National Park in Korea.

Fungi act as important decomposers in the forest environment. They recycle essential nutrients, promote plant growth through mycorrhizal relationships, and act as food for small animals. Samples of 265 indigenous fungal species were collected from Mudeungsan National Park in 2020.

Antioxidant Activities and Mechanisms of Tomentosin in Human Keratinocytes.

Tomentosin, one of natural sesquiterpene lactones sourced from L., exerts therapeutic effects in various cell types. Here, we investigated the antioxidant activities and the underlying action mechanisms of tomentosin in HaCaT cells (a human keratinocyte cell line).

Two Unrecorded Species Isolated from Marine Substrates in Korea with Eight New Combinations ( and ).

Although Sacc. has previously been considered a sexual morph of species on the basis of phylogenetic, morphological, and ecological diagnoses, a recent study delimited these as different species. Recently, 14 species, including eight new species, of marine have been reported from Korea.

sp. nov. and sp. nov., Two Novel Ascomycetous Yeast Species Isolated from Plant Flowers and Fruits.

Three isolates belonging to the ascomycetous genus were obtained from the fruits of and , and flowers of var. in Gongju-si, Korea. Phylogenetic Analyses of the LSU D1/D2 domain and ITS region sequences supported the recognition of two new species: sp.

First Report of Six Macrofungi from Daecheongdo and Socheongdo Islands, Korea.

Daecheongdo and Socheongdo Islands are located in the West Sea of Korea, 210 km away from land, and are military border areas very close to North Korea, making them difficult to access. Although the ecosystem of the islands is relatively well preserved due to the lack of accessibility, research on fungi of the regions is insufficient. Therefore, we aimed to investigate indigenous fungi in these geographically and geopolitically constrained regions.

Taxonomic Revision of the Genus (Russulales, Basidiomycota) of South Korea.

(Pers.) Roussel is an ectomycorrhizal genus that was recently recognized to be distinct from the genus . To date, 226 species have been reported worldwide.

The genus Arthrinium (Ascomycota, Sordariomycetes, Apiosporaceae) from marine habitats from Korea, with eight new species.

Species of Arthrinium are well-known plant pathogens, endophytes, or saprobes found in various terrestrial habitats. Although several species have been isolated from marine environments and their remarkable biological activities have been reported, marine Arthrinium species remain poorly understood. In this study, the diversity of this group was evaluated based on material from Korea, using morphological characterization and molecular analyses with the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, β-tubulin (TUB), and translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF).

Taxonomic Study of the Genus (Strophariaceae, Basidiomycota) in Korea.

The genus (Strophariaceae, Basidiomycota) is made up of wood-rotting saprotrophic mushrooms characterized by a yellow or brown pileus with scales and/or slimy, and by a brownish smooth spore with a germ pore. However, these features are not enough to distinguish its species, or separate the genus from other brown-spored wood-rotting genera such as and . Although internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence-based identification has improved identification accuracy for species of , most species in Korea are reported based on morphological features.

Taxonomic revision of Russula subsection Amoeninae from South Korea.

Russula subsection Amoeninae is morphologically defined by a dry velvety pileus surface, a complete absence of cystidia with heteromorphous contents in all tissues, and spores without amyloid suprahilar spot. Thirty-four species within subsection Amoeninae have been published worldwide. Although most species in South Korea have been assigned European or North American names, recent molecular studies have shown that species from different continents are not conspecific.

Two New Species of (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from Korea.

Species of (Hydnangiaceae, Agaricales, and Basidiomycota) are well-known ectomycorrhizal symbionts of a broad range of hosts. species are characterized by brown, orange, or purple colored basidiocarps, and globose or oblong, echinulate and multinucleate basidiospores. While some species are easily identified at the species level using only the morphological characteristics, others are hard to distinguish at the species level due to small differences in morphology.

Seventeen Unrecorded Species from Gayasan National Park in Korea.

Macrofungi play important roles in forest ecology as wood decayers, symbionts, and pathogens of living trees. For the effective forest management, it is imperative to have a comprehensive overview of macrofungi diversity in specific areas. As a part of the National Institute of Biological Resources projects for discovering indigenous fungi in Korea, we collected macrofungi in Gayasan National Park from 2017 to 2018.

Note of Five Unrecorded Mushrooms Including Three Rare Species on Mount Juwang in Korea.

The Mount Juwang was designated as a national park in 1976 because of its unique bedrock geology. Although Juwang National Park has maintained its natural ecosystem well, few macrofungal surveys have been carried out. As a part of a project supported by the National Institute of Biological Resources (NIBR) for the discovery of indigenous fungal species, we surveyed the mushrooms in Juwang National Park from 2018 to 2019.

in Korea: New Records and a New Species.

The genus (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) is easy to recognize at the genus level because of big, fleshy basidiocarps with squamules covering the pileus; a single or double annulus; and big, thick-walled basidiospores with a germ pore. However, morphological identification is often unreliable in due to similar morphological features among species. Due to the uncertainty of previous morphological identification in the genus it is necessary to re-examine Korean using molecular data.

A proposed stepwise screening framework for the selection of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-degrading white rot fungi.

This study suggests a simple three-step screening protocol for the selection of white rot fungi (WRF) capable of degrading polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which combines easily applicable bioassay techniques, and verifies that protocol by evaluating the PAH degradation activity, ligninolytic enzyme secretion, and relevant gene expressions of the selected PAH-degraders. Using 120 fungal strains, a sequence of bioassay techniques was applied: Bavendamm's reaction (Step 1), remazol brilliant blue R (RBBR) decolorization (Step 2); assays for tolerance to four mixed PAHs-phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene, and pyrene (Step 3). This stepwise protocol selected 14 PAH-degrading WRF, including Microporus vernicipes, Peniophora incarnata, Perenniporia subacida, Phanerochaete sordida, Phlebia acerina, and Phlebia radiata.