Identification and Characterization of and Associated with Brown Stripe Disease on in Yunnan, China.

Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) is the most important sugar crop that belongs to the Poaceae family and is mainly cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. Brown stripe disease is a common and serious foliar fungal disease of sugarcane and has become a serious threat to sugarcane production in China.

[Application of free forearm flap in reconstruction of postoperative defect of external nasal malignant tumor].

To investigate the therapeutic effect of free forearm flaps in repairing the postoperative defect of external nasal malignant tumor. Six patients with nasal malignant tumor were treated with radical operation of external nasal malignant tumor and simultaneous reconstruction of external nasal defects with free forearm flap. Preoperative Allen experiment, ultrasonic Doppler blood flow meter or CT angiography confirmed that the forearm blood vessels were in good condition.

Relationship between Sugarcane Gene and Resistance against .

Sugarcane mosaic disease, mainly caused by (), has serious adverse effects on the yield and quality of sugarcane. Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E () is a natural resistance gene in plants. The -mediated natural recessive resistance results from non-synonymous mutations of the eIF4E protein.

The Relationship Between Teachers' Classroom English Proficiency and Their Teaching Self-Efficacy in an English Medium Instruction Context.

This article examines the relationship between English medium instruction (EMI) teachers' classroom English proficiency and their teaching self-efficacy. The literature review highlights the difference between general language proficiency and classroom language proficiency by focusing on the EMI teachers' language of instruction and their language of interaction. Self-reported data were obtained using two measuring scales from 188 EMI teachers from a Chinese public university.

The Crosstalks Between Jasmonic Acid and Other Plant Hormone Signaling Highlight the Involvement of Jasmonic Acid as a Core Component in Plant Response to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses.

Plant hormones play central roles in plant growth, developmental processes, and plant response to biotic and abiotic stresses. On the one hand, plant hormones may allocate limited resources to the most serious stresses; on the other hand, the crosstalks among multiple plant hormone signaling regulate the balance between plant growth and defense. Many studies have reported the mechanism of crosstalks between jasmonic acid (JA) and other plant hormones in plant growth and stress responses.

Overexpression of Systemic Defense Trigger 1 (MoSDT1) Confers Improved Rice Blast Resistance in Rice.

The effector proteins secreted by a pathogen not only promote virulence and infection of the pathogen, but also trigger plant defense response. Therefore, these proteins could be used as important genetic resources for transgenic improvement of plant disease resistance. systemic defense trigger 1 (MoSDT1) is an effector protein.

The biotrophy-associated secreted protein 4 (BAS4) participates in the transition of from the biotrophic to the necrotrophic phase.

The physiological and metabolic processes of host plants are manipulated and remodeled by phytopathogenic fungi during infection, revealed obvious signs of biotrophy of the hemibiotrophic pathogen. As we known that effector proteins play key roles in interaction of hemibiotrophic fungi and their host plants. BAS4 (biotrophy-associated secreted protein 4) is an EIHM (extrainvasive hyphal membrane) matrix protein that was highly expressed in infectious hyphae.

Effects of exogenous salicylic acid and pH on pathogenicity of biotrophy-associated secreted protein 1 (BAS1)-overexpressing strain, Magnaporthe oryzae.

Abiotic stress can influence the interactions between a pathogen and its host. In this paper, we analyzed the effects of salicylic acid (SA) and pH on the morphological development and pathogenicity of Magnaporthe oryzae, the pathogen that causes rice (Oryza sativa) blast. A strain of rice blast that overexpresses biotrophy-associated secreted protein 1 (BAS1) and a wild-type (WT) strain were pretreated with different levels of pH and different concentrations of SA to analyze M.

Overexpression of in rice blast fungus can promote blast fungus growth, sporulation and virulence in .

BAS1 is biotrophy-associated secreted protein of rice blast strain (). In order to study the effect of BAS1 on virulence of rice blast strain, we characterized function of BAS1 using a purified prokaryotic expression product of and its overexpression strain. Our results showed the purified expression product caused rapid callose deposition and ROS production in rice leaves and calli, indicated it triggered transient basal defense.