Distribution and migration of pollutant elements during municipal solid waste incineration fly ash melting in a pilot-scale furnace.

The melting/vitrification method is a promising approach for the large-scale, rapid, and harmless disposal of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (MSWIFA). However, this method inevitably involves challenges related to secondary pollution. A 2 t/d pilot-scale melting furnace was built to investigate the distribution and migration of pollutant components-specifically heavy metals, sulfur, and chloride-within secondary fly ash (SFA), vitrified slag (VS), and ash in the flue gas channel (AFC) during the melting process of MSWIFA.