Comparison of digital and analog [Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT for detecting post-prostatectomy biochemical recurrence in prostate cancer patients: a prospective study.

Digital positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) has shown enhanced sensitivity and spatial resolution compared with analog PET/CT. The present study compared the diagnostic performance of digital and analog PET/CT with [Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 in prostate cancer patients who experienced biochemical recurrence (BCR) after prostatectomy. Forty prostate cancer patients who experienced BCR, defined as serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) concentrations exceeding 0.

Imaging Procedure and Clinical Studies of [F]FP-CIT PET.

N-3-[F]fluoropropyl-2β-carbomethoxy-3β-4-iodophenyl nortropane ([F]FP-CIT) is a radiopharmaceutical for dopamine transporter (DAT) imaging using positron emission tomography (PET) to detect dopaminergic neuronal degeneration in patients with parkinsonian syndrome. [F]FP-CIT was granted approval by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety in 2008 as the inaugural radiopharmaceutical for PET imaging, and it has found extensive utilization across numerous institutions in Korea. This review article presents an imaging procedure for [F]FP-CIT PET to aid nuclear medicine physicians in clinical practice and systematically reviews the clinical studies associated with [F]FP-CIT PET.

Diagnostic performance of a deep-learning model using F-FDG PET/CT for evaluating recurrence after radiation therapy in patients with lung cancer.

Objective: We developed a deep learning model for distinguishing radiation therapy (RT)-related changes and tumour recurrence in patients with lung cancer who underwent RT, and evaluated its performance.

Methods: We retrospectively recruited 308 patients with lung cancer with RT-related changes observed on F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography (F-FDG PET/CT) performed after RT. Patients were labelled as positive or negative for tumour recurrence through histologic diagnosis or clinical follow-up after F-FDG PET/CT.

A Prospective Comparative Study of 18 F-FDOPA PET/CT Versus 123 I-MIBG Scintigraphy With SPECT/CT for the Diagnosis of Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the diagnostic performances of 18 F-FDOPA PET/CT and 123 I-MIBG scintigraphy with SPECT/CT for detection of pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PPGL).

Patients And Methods: We conducted a prospective, single-institution comparative study. Patients suspected of having PPGL or those showing recurrence and/or distant metastasis of PPGL were enrolled.

MHC II immunogenicity shapes the neoepitope landscape in human tumors.

Despite advances in predicting physical peptide-major histocompatibility complex I (pMHC I) binding, it remains challenging to identify functionally immunogenic neoepitopes, especially for MHC II. By using the results of >36,000 immunogenicity assay, we developed a method to identify pMHC whose structural alignment facilitates T cell reaction. Our method predicted neoepitopes for MHC II and MHC I that were responsive to checkpoint blockade when applied to >1,200 samples of various tumor types.

Diagnostic accuracy of dual-phase F-FP-CIT PET imaging for detection and differential diagnosis of Parkinsonism.

Delayed phase F-FP-CIT PET (dCIT) can assess the striatal dopamine transporter binding to detect degenerative parkinsonism (DP). Early phase F-FP-CIT (eCIT) can assess the regional brain activity for differential diagnosis among parkinsonism similar with F-FDG PET. We evaluated the diagnostic performance of dual phase F-FP-CIT PET (dual CIT) and F-FDG PET compared with clinical diagnosis in 141 subjects [36 with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD), 77 with multiple system atrophy (MSA), 18 with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), and 10 with non-DP)].

Statin/ezetimibe combination therapy vs statin monotherapy for carotid atherosclerotic plaque inflammation.

It remains uncertain whether statin/ezetimibe combination therapy serves as a useful and equivalent alternative to statin monotherapy for reducing atherosclerotic plaque inflammation. The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of statin/ezetimibe combination therapy and statin monotherapy on carotid atherosclerotic plaque inflammation using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) imaging. Data were pooled from 2 clinical trials that used serial 18FDG PET/CT examination to investigate the effects of cholesterol-lowering therapy on carotid atherosclerotic plaque inflammation.

Comparison of High-Dose Rosuvastatin Versus Low-Dose Rosuvastatin Plus Ezetimibe on Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaque Inflammation in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome.

We compared the effects of ezetimibe/rosuvastatin 10/5 mg versus rosuvastatin 20 mg on carotid atherosclerotic plaque inflammation measured by FDG PET/CT. Fifty patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) were randomly assigned to the ezetimibe/rosuvastatin 10/5 mg and rosuvastatin 20 mg groups. The primary outcome was the percent change in the target-to-background ratio (TBR) of the index vessel in the most diseased segment (MDS), as assessed by FDG PET/CT at baseline and at 6 months.

Value of the Filtration Fraction Assessed by Dynamic Tc-Diethylenetriaminepentaacetic Acid Renal Scintigraphy After Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibition for the Diagnosis of Renovascular Hypertension.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the diagnostic value of the relative filtration fraction (RFF) assessed by dynamic Tc-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (Tc-DTPA) renal scintigraphy after angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition for renovascular hypertension (RVHT) diagnosis.

Methods: Tc-DTPA captopril renal scintigraphy performed in adolescents or adults (≥ 10 years) with suspected RVHT was retrospectively reviewed. The RFF of the affected kidney was qualitatively assessed as the relative glomerular filtration rate during the 2 to 3-min period compared with the relative perfusion during the first 60 s (qualitative RFF) and scored from 1 (definitely same) to 5 (definitely decreased).

Effects of ezetimibe/simvastatin 10/10 mg versus Rosuvastatin 10 mg on carotid atherosclerotic plaque inflammation.

Background: Using F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging, we examined the effects of ezetimibe/simvastatin 10/10 mg versus rosuvastatin 10 mg on carotid atherosclerotic plaque inflammation. Whether the combination therapy of ezetimibe with low-dose statin is as effective as potent statin monotherapy in attenuating carotid atherosclerotic plaque inflammation remains unclear.

Methods: In this 2-by-2 factorial trial, 50 patients with FDG uptake (target-to-background ratio [TBR] ≥1.

A phase 1, first-in-human study of F-GP1 positron emission tomography for imaging acute arterial thrombosis.

Background: F-GP1 is a novel positron emission tomography (PET) tracer that targets glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptors on activated platelets. The study objective was to explore the feasibility of directly imaging acute arterial thrombosis (AAT) with F-GP1 PET/computed tomography (PET/CT) and to quantitatively assess F-GP1 uptake. Safety, biodistribution, pharmacokinetics and metabolism were also evaluated.

Is F-FDG PET/CT useful for the differential diagnosis of solitary pulmonary nodules in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis?

Objective: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is associated with an increased incidence of lung cancer, but patients with IPF often have poor pulmonary function and are vulnerable to pneumothorax and so using an invasive procedure to diagnose a single nodule detected on chest CT risks a critical adverse outcome. F-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is recognized to be useful for differentiating between benign and malignant solitary pulmonary nodules (SPN) in patients without IPF, but its diagnostic accuracy has not been investigated in patients with IPF. In this study, therefore, we investigated whether F-FDG PET/CT is useful for the differential diagnosis of SPNs in patients with IPF.

Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor imaging with F-GP1 positron emission tomography for acute venous thromboembolism: an open-label, non-randomized, first-in-human phase 1 study.

F-GP1 is a derivative of elarofiban with a high affinity to activated platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (GPIIb/IIIa) and favorable in vivo characteristics for thrombus imaging in preclinical models. We aimed to explore the detection rate of thromboembolic foci with F-GP1 positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in patients with acute venous thromboembolism (VTE), and to evaluate the safety, biodistribution, pharmacokinetics, and metabolism of F-GP1. We studied patients who had signs or symptoms of acute deep vein thrombosis (DVT) of the leg or acute pulmonary embolism (PE) within 14 days prior to F-GP1 PET/CT, and had thromboembolic foci confirmed by conventional imaging ( = 10 for DVT and = 10 for PE).

Feasibility of dynamic stress Tl/rest Tc-tetrofosmin single photon emission computed tomography for quantification of myocardial perfusion reserve in patients with stable coronary artery disease.

Purpose: We evaluated the feasibility of dynamic stress Tl/rest Tc-tetrofosmin SPECT imaging using a cardiac camera equipped with cadmium-zinc-telluride detectors for the quantification of myocardial perfusion reserve (MPR).

Methods: Subjects with stable known or suspected coronary artery disease (CAD) who had undergone or were scheduled to undergo fractional flow reserve (FFR) measurement were prospectively enrolled. Dynamic stress Tl/rest Tc-tetrofosmin SPECT imaging was performed using a dedicated multiple pinhole SPECT camera with cadmium-zinc-telluride detectors.

Altered Biodistribution of Tc-DPD on Bone Scan After Intravenous Iron Supplement.

We report a case with altered biodistribution of Tc-dicarboxypropane diphosphonate (Tc-DPD) on whole body bone scan after intravenous iron supplement therapy. A 47-year-old male patient who had recently been detected with a hepatic mass suggestive of hepatocellular carcinoma underwent bone scan as staging work-up before surgery. Bone scan images at 3 h after injection of Tc-DPD demonstrated unusually increased blood pool activities in the heart, liver, and spleen with usual skeletal uptakes.

Longitudinal Decline of Striatal Subregional [F]FP-CIT Uptake in Parkinson's Disease.

Purpose: Dopamine transporter imaging is suggested to be a useful imaging biomarker for Parkinson's disease (PD) progression and monitoring drug effects. We investigated the longitudinal decline characteristics of striatal [F]FP-CIT uptake in PD.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 35 PD patients and 9 non-PD patients.

Peliosis Hepatis Shows Isometabolism on (18)F-FDG PET/CT: Two Case Reports.

Peliosis hepatis (PH) is a rare benign disease that is characterized by multiple blood-filled cystic spaces in the hepatic parenchyma. It is also characterized by a range of radiologic findings that might mimic various diseases, including metastatic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma. The findings of PH on (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) are not well reported.