Brain iron deposition and cognitive decline in patients with cerebral small vessel disease : a quantitative susceptibility mapping study.

Background: Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) can study the susceptibility values of brain tissue which allows for noninvasive examination of local brain iron levels in both normal and pathological conditions.

Purpose: Our study compares brain iron deposition in gray matter (GM) nuclei between cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) patients and healthy controls (HCs), exploring factors that affect iron deposition and cognitive function.

Materials And Methods: A total of 321 subjects were enrolled in this study.

Cognitive impairment and amygdala subregion volumes in elderly with cerebral small vessel disease: A large prospective cohort study.

Although the amygdala is associated with cognitive impairment resulting from cerebral small vessel disease, the relationship between alterations in amygdala structure and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) remains controversial. Given that the amygdala comprises several subregions, detecting subtle regional changes through total amygdala volume measurement is challenging. This study aimed to identify the patterns of amygdala subregion atrophy in cerebral small vessel disease patients and their relationship with cognitive impairment.

Hippocampal fimbria atrophy and its mediating effect between cerebral small vessel disease and cognitive impairment.

We aimed to investigate the relationship between the volume reduction in hippocampal (HP) subregions and cognitive impairment in patients with cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). Clinical, cognitive, and magnetic resonance imaging data were obtained for 315 participants. The CSVD group included 146 participants with a total CSVD score of 1-4.

Increased brain iron deposition in the basial ganglia is associated with cognitive and motor dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective: Compared with those in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients without diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), alterations in brain iron levels in the basal ganglia (an iron-rich region) and motor and cognitive dysfunction in T2DM patients with DPN have not been fully elucidated. We aimed to explore changes in brain iron levels in the basal ganglia in T2DM patients with DPN using quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM).

Methods: Thirty-four patients with DPN, fifty-five patients with diabetes without DPN (non-DPN, NDPN), and fifty-one healthy controls (HCs) were recruited and underwent cognitive and motor assessments, blood biochemical tests, and brain QSM imaging.

Advancing cerebral small vessel disease diagnosis: Integrating quantitative susceptibility mapping with MRI-based radiomics.

Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is a neurodegenerative disease with hidden symptoms and difficult to diagnose. The diagnosis mainly depends on clinical symptoms and neuroimaging. Therefore, we explored the potential of combining clinical detection with MRI-based radiomics features for the diagnosis of CSVD in a large cohort.

Aberrant brain structural-functional connectivity coupling associated with cognitive dysfunction in different cerebral small vessel disease burdens.

Aims: Emerging evidence suggests that cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) pathology changes brain structural connectivity (SC) and functional connectivity (FC) networks. Although network-level SC and FC are closely coupled in the healthy population, how SC-FC coupling correlates with neurocognitive outcomes in patients with different CSVD burdens remains largely unknown.

Methods: Using multimodal MRI, we reconstructed whole-brain SC and FC networks for 54 patients with severe CSVD burden (CSVD-s), 106 patients with mild CSVD burden (CSVD-m), and 79 healthy controls.

Development of a multi-phase CT-based radiomics model to differentiate heterotopic pancreas from gastrointestinal stromal tumor.

Background: To investigate whether CT-based radiomics can effectively differentiate between heterotopic pancreas (HP) and gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), and whether different resampling methods can affect the model's performance.

Methods: Multi-phase CT radiological data were retrospectively collected from 94 patients. Of these, 40 with HP and 54 with GISTs were enrolled between April 2017 and November 2021.

Disrupted brain structural networks associated with depression and cognitive dysfunction in cerebral small vessel disease with microbleeds.

Emerging evidence highlights cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) as hallmarks of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) underlying depression and cognitive dysfunction. This study aimed to reveal how depression and cognition-related white matter (WM) abnormalities are topologically presented, and the network-level structural disruptions associated with CMBs in CSVD. We used probabilistic diffusion tractography and graph theory to investigate brain WM network topology in CSVD patients with (n = 64, CSVD-c) and without (n = 138, CSVD-n) CMBs and 90 healthy controls.

Cognition and motion dysfunction-associated brain functional network disruption in diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

Neuroimaging studies have demonstrated extensive brain functional alterations in cognitive and motor functional areas in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), suggesting potential alterations in large-scale brain networks related to DPN and associated cognition and motor dysfunction. In this study, using resting-state functional connectivity (FC) and graph theory computational approaches, we investigated the topological disruptions of brain functional networks in 28 DPN, 43 T2DM without DPN (NDPN), and 32 healthy controls (HCs) and examined the correlations between altered network topological metrics and cognitive/motor function parameters in T2DM. For global topology, NDPN exhibited a significantly decreased shortest path length compared with HCs, suggesting increased efficient global integration.

Disrupted Gray Matter Networks Associated with Cognitive Dysfunction in Cerebral Small Vessel Disease.

This study aims to investigate the disrupted topological organization of gray matter (GM) structural networks in cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) patients with cerebral microbleeds (CMBs). Subject-wise structural networks were constructed from GM volumetric features of 49 CSVD patients with CMBs (CSVD-c), 121 CSVD patients without CMBs (CSVD-n), and 74 healthy controls. The study used graph theory to analyze the global and regional properties of the network and their correlation with cognitive performance.

Quantitative information from gadobenate dimeglumine-enhanced MRI can predict proliferative subtype of solitary hepatocellular carcinoma: a multicenter retrospective study.

Objectives: To investigate the value of quantitative parameters derived from gadobenate dimeglumine-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for predicting molecular subtype of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and overall survival.

Methods: This multicenter retrospective study included 218 solitary HCC patients who underwent gadobenate dimeglumine-enhanced MRI. All HCC lesions were resected and pathologically confirmed.

Decreased Local Specialization of Brain Structural Networks Associated with Cognitive Dysfuntion Revealed by Probabilistic Diffusion Tractography for Different Cerebral Small Vessel Disease Burdens.

To reveal the network-level structural disruptions associated with cognitive dysfunctions in different cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) burdens, we used probabilistic diffusion tractography and graph theory to investigate the brain network topology in 67 patients with a severe CSVD burden (CSVD-s), 133 patients with a mild CSVD burden (CSVD-m) and 89 healthy controls. We used one-way analysis of covariance to assess the altered topological measures between groups, and then evaluated their Pearson correlation with cognitive parameters. Both the CSVD and control groups showed efficient small-world organization in white matter (WM) networks.

The tumor or inflammation? a case report on primary pulmonary choriocarcinoma.

Choriocarcinoma is a rare malignant germ cell neoplasm with high invasiveness, the majority of which are pregnancy-related, and the female genital tract is the most prevalent site of the disease. Although early-stage choriocarcinoma typically metastasizes to the lungs, primary pulmonary choriocarcinoma is extremely rare. Primary pulmonary choriocarcinoma is difficult to diagnose, and it progresses rapidly.

Abnormal whole-brain voxelwise structure-function coupling and its association with cognitive dysfunction in patients with different cerebral small vessel disease burdens.

Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is a universal neurological disorder in older adults that occurs in connection with cognitive dysfunction and is a chief risk factor for dementia and stroke. While whole-brain voxelwise structural and functional abnormalities in CSVD have been heavily explored, the degree of structure-function coupling abnormality possible in patients with different CSVD burdens remains largely unknown. This study included 53 patients with severe CSVD burden (CSVD-s), 108 patients with mild CSVD burden (CSVD-m) and 76 healthy controls.

Brain structure-function coupling associated with cognitive impairment in cerebral small vessel disease.

Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is a common chronic and progressive disease that can lead to mental and cognitive impairment. Damage to brain structure and function may play an important role in the neuropsychiatric disorders of patients with CSVD. Increasing evidence suggests that functional changes are accompanied by structural changes in corresponding brain regions.

Voxel-based morphometry reveals the correlation between gray matter volume and serum P-tau-181 in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with different HbA1c levels.

Introduction: Emerging evidence suggested widespread decreased gray matter volume (GMV) and tau hyperphosphorylation were associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Insulin resistance is one of the mechanisms of neuron degeneration in T2DM; it can decrease the activity of protein kinase B and increase the activity of glycogen synthesis kinase-3β, thus promoting the hyperphosphorylation of tau protein and finally leading to neuronal degeneration. However, the association between GMV and serum tau protein phosphorylated at threonine 181 (P-tau-181) in T2DM patients lacks neuroimaging evidence.

Diagnosis of cervical lymph node metastasis with thyroid carcinoma by deep learning application to CT images.

Introduction: The incidence of thyroid diseases has increased in recent years, and cervical lymph node metastasis (LNM) is considered an important risk factor for locoregional recurrence. This study aims to develop a deep learning-based computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) method to diagnose cervical LNM with thyroid carcinoma on computed tomography (CT) images.

Methods: A new deep learning framework guided by the analysis of CT data for automated detection and classification of LNs on CT images is proposed.

Characterization of white matter microstructural abnormalities associated with cognitive dysfunction in cerebral small vessel disease with cerebral microbleeds.

Background: Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is recommended as a sensitive method to explore white matter (WM) microstructural alterations. Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) may be accompanied by extensive WM microstructural deterioration, while cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) are an important factor affecting CSVD.

Methods: Fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AD) and radial diffusivity (RD) images from 49 CSVD patients with CMBs (CSVD-c), 114 CSVD patients without CMBs (CSVD-n), and 83 controls were analyzed using DTI-derived tract-based spatial statistics to detect WM diffusion changes among groups.

Altered Intrinsic Brain Activity Related to Neurologic and Motor Dysfunction in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy Patients.

Context: Brain functional alterations in type 2 diabetes with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) related to motor dysfunction remain largely unknown.

Objective: We aimed to explore intrinsic resting brain activity in DPN.

Methods: A total of 28 patients with DPN, 43 patients with diabetes and without DPN (NDPN), and 32 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited and underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging.

The value of gadobenate dimeglumine-enhanced biliary imaging from the hepatobiliary phase for predicting post-hepatectomy liver failure in HCC patients.

Objectives: To determine the value of gadobenate dimeglumine-enhanced biliary imaging from the hepatobiliary phase for predicting post-hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: Patients with HCC who underwent gadobenate dimeglumine-enhanced hepatobiliary magnetic resonance imaging prior to hepatectomy were collected in two centers. The relative enhancement ratio of the biliary system (REB) and the liver to muscle ratio (LMR) were measured at the hepatobiliary phase.

Disrupted topological organization of resting-state functional brain networks in cerebral small vessel disease.

We aimed to investigate alterations in functional brain networks and assess the relationship between functional impairment and topological network changes in cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) patients with and without cerebral microbleeds (CMBs). We constructed individual whole-brain, region of interest (ROI) level functional connectivity (FC) networks for 24 CSVD patients with CMBs (CSVD-c), 42 CSVD patients without CMBs (CSVD-n), and 36 healthy controls (HCs). Then, we used graph theory analysis to investigate the global and nodal topological disruptions between groups and relate network topological alterations to clinical parameters.

White matter changes, duration of hypertension, and age are associated with cerebral microbleeds in patients with different stages of hypertension.

Background: We aimed to investigate risk factors for the presence and number of cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) in patients with different stages of hypertension stages, with an emphasis on the relationship between white matter changes (WMCs) and CMBs.

Methods: Since 2016, participants aged 40 years or more have been evaluated for the presence of CMBs using enhanced 3D multiecho GE T2*-weighted angiography (ESWAN) sequences. The Mann-Whitney U test and Pearson χ test were used to compare the clinical characteristics between the CMB and no-CMB patient groups.

Altered Spontaneous Brain Activity Related to Neurologic Dysfunction in Patients With Cerebral Small Vessel Disease.

Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) encompasses several diseases affecting the small arteries, arterioles, venules, and capillaries of the brain and refers to several pathological processes and etiologies. Neuroimaging is considered the gold standard for detecting CSVD, which can present diverse features on MRI. Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) in CSVD have been demonstrated to play a synergistic role in both cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative pathology.

Coronary artery fistulas detected with coronary CT angiography: a pictorial review of 73 cases.

Coronary artery fistulas (CAFs) are abnormal connections of the coronary arteries that bypass the myocardial capillary bed and terminate into chambers of the heart or major blood vessels. CAFs are rare, and most of them are congenital. Because CAFs can be asymptomatic and detected incidentally, the true incidence is difficult to evaluate.