Quantum-dot cellular automata demultiplexer with minimum design costs with energy dissipation analysis and physical proof for reliable nano-communication systems.

Quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) has recently been highlighted as a next-generation circuit design technology that can replace existing CMOS technology due to its advantages of maintaining very low energy consumption, small area requirements, and low latency. In this study, we propose a demultiplexer (DeMux), which is essential for safe data distribution in reliable communication network and signal routing. Our DeMux is designed based on single-layer cell interaction and maximizes area utilization while using the minimum number of cells and low area.

Equilibrium Optimization Algorithm with Deep Learning Enabled Prostate Cancer Detection on MRI Images.

The enlargement of the prostate gland in the reproductive system of males is considered a form of prostate cancer (PrC). The survival rate is considerably improved with earlier diagnosis of cancer; thus, timely intervention should be administered. In this study, a new automatic approach combining several deep learning (DL) techniques was introduced to detect PrC from MRI and ultrasound (US) images.

Bioinspired Garra Rufa Optimization-Assisted Deep Learning Model for Object Classification on Pedestrian Walkways.

Object detection in pedestrian walkways is a crucial area of research that is widely used to improve the safety of pedestrians. It is not only challenging but also a tedious process to manually examine the labeling of abnormal actions, owing to its broad applications in video surveillance systems and the larger number of videos captured. Thus, an automatic surveillance system that identifies the anomalies has become indispensable for computer vision (CV) researcher workers.

Study on P-AlGaAs/Al/Au Ohmic Contact Characteristics for Improving Optoelectronic Response of Infrared Light-Emitting Device.

The Al/Au alloy was investigated to improve the ohmic characteristic and light efficiency of reflective infrared light-emitting diodes (IR-LEDs). The Al/Au alloy, which was fabricated by combining 10% aluminum and 90% gold, led to considerably improved conductivity on the top layer of p-AlGaAs of the reflective IR-LEDs. In the wafer bond process required for fabricating the reflective IR-LED, the Al/Au alloy, which has filled the hole patterns in SiN film, was used for improving the reflectivity of the Ag reflector and was bonded directly to the top layer of p-AlGaAs on the epitaxial wafer.

Real-Life Experience of mTOR Inhibitors in Liver Transplant Recipients in a Region Where Living Donation Is Predominant.

Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors, such as everolimus and sirolimus, may be efficacious in preserving renal function in liver transplantation (LT) recipients while preventing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence. In this study, we retrospectively evaluated the safety, efficacy, and renoprotective effects of mTOR inhibitors in LT recipients. Among the 84 patients enrolled, mTOR inhibitor was commenced during the first year after LT.

Preferential Expression of Programmed Death Ligand 1 Protein in Tumor-Associated Macrophages and Its Potential Role in Immunotherapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

A predictive biomarker of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based treatments in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been clearly demonstrated. In this study, we focused on the infiltration and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in the tumor microenvironment of HCC. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that PD-L1 was preferentially expressed on CD68 macrophages in the tumor microenvironment of HCC, suggestive of its expression in TAMs rather than in T cells or tumor cells ( < 0.

Integrating IoT and Blockchain for Ensuring Road Safety: An Unconventional Approach.

The Internet of things (IoT), the Internet of vehicles, and blockchain technology have become very popular these days because of their versatility. Road traffic, which is increasing day by day, is causing more and more deaths worldwide. The world needs a product that would reduce the number of road accidents.

Antifungal and Antibiofilm Activities and the Mechanism of Action of Repeating Lysine-Tryptophan Peptides against .

The rapid increase in the emergence of antifungal-resistant strains is becoming a serious health concern. Because antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) may provide a potential alternative to conventional antifungal agents, we have synthesized a series of peptides with a varying number of lysine and tryptophan repeats (KW-NH). The antifungal activity of these peptides increased with peptide length, but only the longest KW peptide displayed cytotoxicity towards a human keratinocyte cell line.

Guided Cell Migration on Microtextured Substrates with Variable Local Density and Anisotropy.

This work reports the design of and experimentation with a topographically patterned cell culture substrate of variable local density and anisotropy as a facile and efficient platform to guide the organization and migration of cells in spatially desirable patterns. Using UV-assisted capillary force lithography, an optically transparent microstructured layer of a UV curable poly(urethane acrylate) resin is fabricated and employed as a cell-culture substrate after coating with fibronectin. With variable local pattern density and anisotropy present in a single cell-culture substrate, the differential polarization of cell morphology and movement in a single experiment is quantitatively characterized.