Leisure-Time Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Biological Aging: Evidence From Genetic Correlation and Mendelian Randomization Analyses.

Physical inactivity and sedentary behavior are associated with higher risks of age-related morbidity and mortality. However, whether they causally contribute to accelerating biological aging has not been fully elucidated. Utilizing the largest available genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary data, we implemented a comprehensive analytical framework to investigate the associations between genetically predicted moderate-to-vigorous leisure-time physical activity (MVPA), leisure screen time (LST), and four epigenetic age acceleration (EAA) measures: HannumAgeAccel, intrinsic HorvathAgeAccel, PhenoAgeAccel, and GrimAgeAccel.

Shared Genetic Architecture and Causal Relationship between Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Bone Mineral Density.

Background: Despite the well-established regulatory role of vitamin D in maintaining bone health, little is known about the shared genetics and causality of the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) and bone mineral density (BMD).

Methods: Leveraging individual-level data from the UK Biobank (UKB) cohort and summary-level data from the genome-wide association studies (GWASs) conducted on European individuals for serum 25OHD (N = 417,580) and estimated heel BMD (eBMD, N = 426,824), we systematically elucidated the shared genetic architecture underlying serum 25OHD and eBMD through a comprehensive genome-wide cross-trait design.

Results: Despite a lack of global genetic correlation (rg = -0.

Shared genetic basis connects smoking behaviors and bone health: insights from a genome-wide cross-trait analysis.

Although the negative association of tobacco smoking with osteoporosis is well-documented, little is known regarding the shared genetic basis underlying these conditions. In this study, we aim to investigate a shared genetic architecture between smoking and heel estimated bone mineral density (eBMD), a reliable proxy for osteoporosis. We conducted a comprehensive genome-wide cross-trait analysis to identify genetic correlation, pleiotropic loci and causal relationship of smoking with eBMD, leveraging summary statistics of the hitherto largest genome-wide association studies conducted in European ancestry for smoking initiation (Nsmoker = 1 175 108, Nnonsmoker = 1 493 921), heaviness (cigarettes per day, N = 618 489), cessation (Ncurrent smoker = 304 244, Nformer smoker = 843 028), and eBMD (N = 426 824).

Enhancing Growth and Gut Health in Squabs: The Impact of Fermented Mixed Feed.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of fermented mixed feed (FMF) (soybean meal-rapeseed meal-corn bran (6:3:1, //)) on the growth performance, intestinal microbial communities, and metabolomes of squabs. One hundred and eighty 1-day-old squabs were randomly allocated to two groups, each containing six replicates of fifteen squabs cared for by 60 pairs of breeding pigeons secreting crop milk. Each pair of breeding pigeons cared for three squabs.

A comprehensive genome-wide cross-trait analysis of sexual factors and uterine leiomyoma.

Age at first sexual intercourse (AFS) and lifetime number of sexual partners (NSP) may influence the pathogenesis of uterine leiomyoma (UL) through their associations with hormonal concentrations and uterine infections. Leveraging summary statistics from large-scale genome-wide association studies conducted in European ancestry for each trait (NAFS = 214,547; NNSP = 370,711; NUL = 302,979), we observed a significant negative genomic correlation for UL with AFS (rg = -0.11, P = 7.

Genetic contribution of reproductive traits to risk of uterine leiomyomata: a large-scale, genome-wide, cross-trait analysis.

Background: Although phenotypic associations between female reproductive characteristics and uterine leiomyomata have long been observed in epidemiologic investigations, the shared genetic architecture underlying these complex phenotypes remains unclear.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the shared genetic basis, pleiotropic effects, and potential causal relationships underlying reproductive traits (age at menarche, age at natural menopause, and age at first birth) and uterine leiomyomata.

Study Design: With the use of large-scale, genome-wide association studies conducted among women of European ancestry for age at menarche (n=329,345), age at natural menopause (n=201,323), age at first birth (n=418,758), and uterine leiomyomata (n/n=35,474/267,505), we performed a comprehensive, genome-wide, cross-trait analysis to examine systematically the common genetic influences between reproductive traits and uterine leiomyomata.

Observational and genetic analyses of the bidirectional relationship between depression and hypertension.

Background: While the association between depression and hypertension has been extensively investigated, the pattern and nature of such association remain inconclusive. We sought to investigate the bidirectional relationship between depression and hypertension and its causal.

Methods: We first performed observational analyses using longitudinal data from the UK Biobank.

Impact of gallstone disease on the risk of stroke and coronary artery disease: evidence from prospective observational studies and genetic analyses.

Background: Despite epidemiological evidence associating gallstone disease (GSD) with cardiovascular disease (CVD), a dilemma remains on the role of cholecystectomy in modifying the risk of CVD. We aimed to characterize the phenotypic and genetic relationships between GSD and two CVD events - stroke and coronary artery disease (CAD).

Methods: We first performed a meta-analysis of cohort studies to quantify an overall phenotypic association between GSD and CVD.

Genetic Correlation, Shared Loci, and Causal Association Between Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin and Bone Mineral Density: Insights From a Large-Scale Genomewide Cross-Trait Analysis.

Although the impact of sex hormones on bone metabolism is well-documented, effect of their primary modulator, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), remains inconclusive. This study aims to elucidate the genetic overlap between SHBG and heel estimated bone mineral density (eBMD), a widely-accepted tool for osteoporosis management and fracture risk assessment. Using summary statistics from large-scale genomewide association studies conducted for SHBG (N = 370,125), SHBG adjusted for body mass index (SHBGa, N = 368,929), and eBMD (N = 426,824), a comprehensive genomewide cross-trait approach was performed to quantify global and local genetic correlations, identify pleiotropic loci, and infer causal associations.

SNK-6 Regulates Liver Lipid Metabolism Partly via the miR-130a-5p/MBOAT2 Pathway in a NAFLD Model of Laying Hens.

spp., as probiotics, have shown efficacy in alleviating nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Here, we screened a new probiotic strain, SNK-6 ( SNK-6), which was isolated from the ileum of healthy Xinyang black-feather laying hens in China.

The miR-216/miR-217 Cluster Regulates Lipid Metabolism in Laying Hens With Fatty Liver Syndrome PPAR/SREBP Signaling Pathway.

Fatty liver syndrome (FLS), a common metabolic disease in laying hens, caused by excessive hepatic fat deposition is a bottleneck in the poultry industry. However, no specific therapeutic methods have been developed. Evidence suggests that microRNAs (miRNAs) are essential for liver lipid metabolism and homeostasis, providing strong evidence for targeting miRNAs as a potential treatment option for liver diseases.

Whole-genome sequencing reveals the artificial selection and local environmental adaptability of pigeons ().

To meet human needs, domestic pigeons () with various phenotypes have been bred to provide genetic material for our research on artificial selection and local environmental adaptation. Seven pigeon breeds were resequenced and can be divided into commercial varieties (Euro-pigeon, Shiqi, Shen King, Taishen, and Silver King), ornamental varieties (High Fliers), and local varieties (Tarim pigeon). Phylogenetic analysis based on population resequencing showed that one group contained local breeds and ornamental pigeons from China, whereas all commercial varieties were clustered together.

A Global View on Prevalence of Hypertension and Human Develop Index.

Background: The incidence of hypertension has been increasing in the past decade. Little is known regarding the relationship between hypertension and human development index (HDI).

Objectives: The objective is to identify the relationship between the prevalence of hypertension and human development index (HDI).

A comparative study of the antioxidant and intestinal protective effects of extracts from different parts of Java tea ().

The aim of this study was to compare the free radical scavenging ability and intestinal epithelial cell protective effects of Java tea () root extracts (ORE), stem extracts (OSE), and leaf extracts (OLE) to determine the potential of Java tea by-products. The Java tea extracts were prepared using a standard water-ethanol method. The antioxidant activity and intestinal protective effects were tested by HO-induced cell model and high-fat diet-induced mice model, respectively.