Renal organic anion transporter 1: clinical relevance and the underlying mechanisms in chronic kidney disease.

Organic anion transporter 1 (OAT1), primarily found in the renal proximal tubule, is essential for the excretion of various uremic toxins that contribute to the onset and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). OAT1 also plays a vital role in the remote sensing and signaling network, facilitating the removal of metabolites through the kidneys. The function of OAT1 is impaired under conditions such as renal ischemia/reperfusion injury, oxidative stress, and fibrosis.