Prognostic and therapeutic implications of measurable residual disease levels during remission induction of childhood ALL.

We evaluated the prognostic and therapeutic significance of measurable residual disease (MRD) during remission induction in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients. In the CCCG-ALL-2015 protocol, 7640 patients were categorized into low-, intermediate-, or high-risk groups based on clinical and genetic features. Final risk classification was determined by MRD assessed via flow cytometry on Days 19 and 46 of remission induction, with additional intensified chemotherapy for Day 19 MRD ≥1%.

Effect of the tyrosine kinase inhibitors on the growth in children with Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a case-control study.

Background: First-generation ABL-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) imatinib is known to retard growth in children but it is not known if the second-generation ABL-targeted TKI dasatinib has the same effect. We aimed to determine the impact of the first- or second-generation TKI on the growth of children treated for Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph) childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).

Methods: We evaluated the longitudinal growth changes in 140 children with Ph ALL treated with imatinib or dasatinib in additional to intensive cytotoxic chemotherapy and 280 matched controls treated with the same intensity of cytotoxic chemotherapy without TKI on Chinese Children's Cancer Group ALL-2015 protocol between 2015 and 2019.

Causes of death and treatment-related mortality in newly diagnosed childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia treatment with Chinese Children's Cancer Group study ALL-2015.

To investigate the possible risk factors for death at post-treatment in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). A multivariate competing risk analysis was performed to retrospectively analyze the data of children with ALL who died after treatment with CCCG-ALL-2015 in China and to determine the possible risk factors for death at post-treatment in children with ALL. Age at the first diagnosis of ≥10 years; final risk level of high-risk; D19 minimal residual disease (MRD) (≥0.

Homoharringtonine-Based Induction Regimen Improved the Remission Rate and Survival Rate in Chinese Childhood AML: A Report From the CCLG-AML 2015 Protocol Study.

Purpose: Homoharringtonine (HHT) is commonly used for the treatment of Chinese adult AML, and all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) has been verified in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). However, the efficacy and safety of HHT-based induction therapy have not been confirmed for childhood AML, and ATRA-based treatment has not been evaluated among patients with non-APL AML.

Patients And Methods: This open-label, multicenter, randomized Chinese Children's Leukemia Group-AML 2015 study was performed across 35 centers in China.

Extended vincristine and dexamethasone pulse therapy may not be necessary for children with TCF3-PBX1 positive acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.

The effect of prolonged pulse therapy with vincristine and dexamethasone (VD) during maintenance therapy on the outcome of paediatric patients with TCF3-PBX1 positive acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) remains uncertain. We conducted non-inferiority analysis of 263 newly diagnosed TCF3-PBX1 positive ALL children who were stratified and randomly assigned (1:1) to receive seven additional VD pulses (the control group) or not (the experimental group) in the CCCG-ALL-2015 clinical trial from January 2015 to December 2019 (ChiCTR-IPR-14005706). There was no significant difference in baseline characteristics between the two groups.

Pulse therapy with vincristine and dexamethasone for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (CCCG-ALL-2015): an open-label, multicentre, randomised, phase 3, non-inferiority trial.

Background: Vincristine plus dexamethasone pulses are generally used throughout maintenance treatment for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. However, previous studies remain inconclusive about the benefit of this maintenance therapy and the absence of randomised, controlled trials in patients with low-risk or high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukaemia provides uncertainty. We therefore aimed to determine if this therapy could be safely omitted beyond 1 year of treatment without leading to an inferior outcome in any risk subgroup of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.

Silencing of circTASP1 inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of acute myeloid leukaemia cells through modulating miR-515-5p/HMGA2 axis.

Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is a common hematopoietic disease that is harmful to the lives of children and adults. CircRNAs are aberrantly expressed in the haematologic malignancy cells. However, the expression of circTASP1 and its function in AML remain unclear.

Clinical characteristics of tumor lysis syndrome in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is a common and fatal complication of childhood hematologic malignancies, especially acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The clinical features, therapeutic regimens, and outcomes of TLS have not been comprehensively analyzed in Chinese children with ALL. A total of 5537 children with ALL were recruited from the Chinese Children's Cancer Group, including 79 diagnosed with TLS.

Prognostic factors for CNS control in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated without cranial irradiation.

To identify the prognostic factors that are useful to improve central nervous system (CNS) control in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), we analyzed the outcome of 7640 consecutive patients treated on Chinese Children's Cancer Group ALL-2015 protocol between 2015 and 2019. This protocol featured prephase dexamethasone treatment before conventional remission induction and subsequent risk-directed therapy, including 16 to 22 triple intrathecal treatments, without prophylactic cranial irradiation. The 5-year event-free survival was 80.

Effect of Dasatinib vs Imatinib in the Treatment of Pediatric Philadelphia Chromosome-Positive Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: A randomized clinical trial is needed to determine whether the second-generation Abl-tyrosine kinase inhibitor dasatinib is more effective than the first-generation inhibitor imatinib mesylate for childhood Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).

Objective: To determine whether dasatinib given at a daily dosage of 80 mg/m2 is more effective than imatinib mesylate at a daily dosage of 300 mg/m2 to improve event-free survival of children with Philadelphia chromosome-positive ALL in the context of intensive chemotherapy without prophylactic cranial irradiation.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This open-label, phase 3 randomized clinical trial was conducted at 20 hospitals in China.

Treatment abandonment in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in China: a retrospective cohort study of the Chinese Children's Cancer Group.

Objectives: Before 2003, most children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) abandoned treatment, with only approximately 30% treated in China. With the development of national insurance for underprivileged patients, we assessed the current frequency and causes of treatment abandonment among patients with ALL who were enrolled in the Chinese Children's Cancer Group ALL protocol between 2015 and 2016.

Methods: Demographic, clinical and laboratory data on patients who abandoned treatment, as well as economic and sociocultural data of their families were collected and analysed.