Effect of Soy Isoflavone on Prostate Cancer Cell Apoptosis Through Inhibition of STAT3, ERK, and AKT.

Genistein, an isoflavone found in soybeans, exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. This study explored the molecular mechanisms behind genistein's anticancer effects in prostate cancer DU145 cells. In this study, genistein decreased cell viability, increased annexin V-PE(+) cells, and enhanced the sub-G/G peak by flow cytometric analysis.

Automated Laryngeal Invasion Detector of Boluses in Videofluoroscopic Swallowing Study Videos Using Action Recognition-Based Networks.

We aimed to develop an automated detector that determines laryngeal invasion during swallowing. Laryngeal invasion, which causes significant clinical problems, is defined as two or more points on the penetration-aspiration scale (PAS). We applied two three-dimensional (3D) stream networks for action recognition in videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) videos.

The p53-Driven Anticancer Effect of Extract on AGS Gastric Cancer Cells.

Cancer metastasis is directly related to the survival rate of cancer patients. Although cancer metastasis proceeds by the movement of cancer cells, it is fundamentally caused by its resistance to anoikis, a mechanism of apoptosis caused by the loss of adhesion of cancer cells. Therefore, it was found that inhibiting cancer migration and reducing anoikis resistance are important for cancer suppression, and natural compounds can effectively control it.

Adiponectin-Secretion-Promoting Cyclic Peptide-Polyketide Hybrids from a Halophyte-Associated Fungus, JS0417.

Three new cyclic peptide-polyketide hybrids (-) and two new chaetiacandin-type polyketides ( and ) along with nine known compounds were isolated from cultures of a halophyte-associated fungus, JS0417. Spectroscopic analysis revealed that - were cyclic depsipeptides where 3,5,11-trihydroxy-2,6-dimethyldodecanoic acid was linked to two amino acids through amide and ester bonds to form a 12-membered ring. Relative and absolute configurations for the peptides were determined with spectroscopic analysis and chemical reactions.

Role of warm subduction in the seismological properties of the forearc mantle: An example from southwest Japan.

A warm slab thermal structure plays an important role in controlling seismic properties of the slab and mantle wedge. Among warm subduction zones, most notably in southwest Japan, the spatial distribution of large -wave delay times and deep nonvolcanic tremors in the forearc mantle indicate the presence of a serpentinite layer along the slab interface. However, the conditions under which such a layer is generated remains unclear.

Secondary Metabolites of The Endophytic Fungus JS0515 Isolated from and Their Effects on Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Activity.

The fungal strain JS0515 was isolated from (beach vitex). Twelve secondary metabolites, including one new altenusin derivative (), were isolated. The isolated metabolites included seven known altenusin derivatives (-), two isochromanones (, ), one perylenequinone (), and one benzocycloalkanone ().

Neuroprotective Glycosylated Cyclic Lipodepsipeptides, Colletotrichamides A-E, from a Halophyte-Associated Fungus, JS419.

Glutamate neurotoxicity has been implicated in neuronal death in both acute CNS injury and in chronic neurodegenerative diseases. Five unique cyclic depsipeptides with neuroprotective activity, colletotrichamides A-E (-), were isolated from cultures of a halophyte -associated fungus, JS419. Spectroscopic analysis revealed that they were glycosylated cyclic lipodepsipeptides.

Neuroprotective Secondary Metabolite Produced by an Endophytic Fungus, Neosartorya fischeri JS0553, Isolated from Glehnia littoralis.

Roots of Glehnia littoralis have been used to heal stroke as a traditional medicine. Even though many studies on this plant have been conducted, the secondary metabolites produced by its endophytes and their bioactivities have not been investigated thus far. Therefore, a new meroditerpenoid named sartorypyrone E (1) and eight known compounds (2-9) were isolated from extracts of cultured Neosartorya fischeri JS0553, an endophyte of G.

Neuroprotective Compound from an Endophytic Fungus, Colletotrichum sp. JS-0367.

Colletotrichum sp. JS-0367 was isolated from Morus alba (mulberry), identified, and cultured on a large scale for chemical investigation. One new anthraquinone (1) and three known anthraquinones (2-4) were isolated and identified using spectroscopic methods including 1D/2D-NMR and HRESIMS.

Enhanced methane production and wastewater sludge stabilization of a continuous full scale thermal pretreatment and thermophilic anaerobic digestion.

A continuous full scale thermophilic anaerobic digestion (AD) of wastewater sludge in conjunction with thermal pretreatment was developed for enhanced CH production as well as sludge stabilization and reduction. Continuous thermal sludge treatment obtained 45.5, 51.

New Aromatic Compounds from the Fruiting Body of Sparassis crispa (Wulf.) and Their Inhibitory Activities on Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 mRNA Expression.

Successive chromatography of EtOAc-soluble extracts of the fruiting body of Sparassis crispa (Wulf.) resulted in isolation of four new aromatic compounds, sparoside A (1) and sparalides A-C (3-5), two new naturally occurring compounds, 2 and 6, and eight known compounds, 7-14. The chemical structures were determined by interpretation of nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry spectroscopic data.

Clustering of arc volcanoes caused by temperature perturbations in the back-arc mantle.

Clustering of arc volcanoes in subduction zones indicates along-arc variation in the physical condition of the underlying mantle where majority of arc magmas are generated. The sub-arc mantle is brought in from the back-arc largely by slab-driven mantle wedge flow. Dynamic processes in the back-arc, such as small-scale mantle convection, are likely to cause lateral variations in the back-arc mantle temperature.

Anti-influenza effect of the major flavonoids from Salvia plebeia R.Br. via inhibition of influenza H1N1 virus neuraminidase.

To determine the compounds responsible for its anti-influenza activities, we isolated the three flavonoids, 6-hydroxyluteolin 7-O-β-d-glucoside (1), nepitrin (2), homoplantaginin (3) from the MeOH extract of Salvia plebeia R.Br. and identified them by comparing the spectroscopic data with that reported in the literature.

Bioactive secondary metabolites produced by an endophytic fungus Gaeumannomyces sp. JS0464 from a maritime halophyte Phragmites communis.

Endophytes, important plant-associated mycobionts, have attracted a great deal of attention because of their bioactive secondary metabolites. Even though halophytes have been reported to overcome salt stress via associations with their endophytes, few studies have investigated the metabolites produced by the endophytes from halophytes. In this study, a dark septate endophytic fungal strain (JS0464), identified as Gaeumannomyces sp.

Chemical constituents of the aerial part of Taraxacum mongolicum and their chemotaxonomic significance.

A phytochemical investigation of Taraxacum mongolicum led to the isolation of 24 compounds, including six flavonoids (1-6), four sesquiterpenes (7-10), two sphingolipids (11 and 12), six glycerols (13-18) and six triterpenoids and sterols (19-24). The structures of these compounds were identified by spectroscopic methods, and their data compared with those reported in the literature. This is the first report of compounds 11-19 from T.

Isochromans and Related Constituents from the Endophytic Fungus Annulohypoxylon truncatum of Zizania caduciflora and Their Anti-Inflammatory Effects.

Six new isochroman derivatives (annulohypoxylomans A-C, 1-3; annulohypoxylomanols A and B, 6 and 7; and annulohypoxyloside, 8), an isocoumarin (annulohypoxylomarin A, 4), and an azaphilone derivative (xylariphilone, 5) were isolated from an ethyl acetate extract derived from cultures of the endophytic fungus JS540 found in the leaves of Zizania caduciflora. The JS540 strain was identified as Annulohypoxylon truncatum. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry and by comparison with related compounds from the literature.

Environmental health centers for asbestos and their health impact surveys and activities.

In 2009, Korea banned the import, transport, and use of asbestos, and the Asbestos Injury Relief Act (AIRA) was promulgated in 2011. Two environmental health centers for asbestos (EHCA), including Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital (PNUYH) and SoonChunHyang University Cheonan Hospital (SCHUCH), were adapted to find environmental asbestos-related diseases (ARDs) and to support the purposes of AIRA. EHCA conducted a health impact survey (HIS) on persons who resided or reside near asbestos factories or mines.

Annulohpoxylotol A and B, new sesquiterpenoids from the endophytic fungus Annulohypoxylon truncatum, are natural NF-κB inhibitors.

Two sesquiterpenoids, annulohpoxylotol A and B, were isolated along with five sterols from an ethyl acetate extract of cultures of the endophytic fungus Annulohypoxylon truncatum growing on leaves of Zizania caduciflora. The structures of the isolated compounds were established using one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D)-NMR and mass spectrometry. The nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) inhibitory activities of the isolated compounds stimulated with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were measured using a luciferase reporter system.

Antiviral activities of compounds from aerial parts of Salvia plebeia R. Br.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Salvia plebeia R. Br. is an edible plant widely spread in many countries.

Minimally invasive curved-micro-drainer (CMD) capable of innocuous drainage of subretinal fluid for the treatment of retinal detachment.

Retinal detachment is a serious vision threatening disease. Current consensus for the treatment of retinal detachment is to reattach the retina onto the choroid layer by drainage of accumulated subretinal fluid. Although several surgical methods have been developed, no satisfactory visual outcome has been obtained without surgical complications such as unintended puncture and hemorrhage of the retina and choroid tissue.

Posterior Pharyngeal Airway in Clockwise Rotation of Maxillomandibular Complex Using Surgery-first Orthognathic Approach.

Background: Because obstructive sleep apnea is known to be an important preexisting factor causing chronic disease, many investigations have been done recently. There have been few reports regarding the posterior pharyngeal airway after clockwise rotation of maxillomandibular complex. Because the 2-jaw surgery in class III patients could cause obstructive sleep apnea or snoring, we investigated the posterior pharyngeal airway change of the clockwise maxillomandibular complex in the surgery-first orthognathic approach for the correction of class III dentofacial deformities.

Glycyrrhizin alleviates neuroinflammation and memory deficit induced by systemic lipopolysaccharide treatment in mice.

The present study investigated the effects of glycyrrhizin (GRZ) on neuroinflammation and memory deficit in systemic lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated C57BL/6 mice. Varying doses of GRZ was orally administered (10, 30, or 50 mg/kg) once a day for 3 days before the LPS (3 mg/kg) injection. At 24 h after the LPS injection, GRZ significantly reduced TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA at doses of 30 and 50 mg/kg.