Feasibility and Safety of the C1 "Zero Angle" Screw: A Novel "In-Out-In" Technique for Atlantoaxial Dislocation.

Objectives: To minimize the risk of V3 segment of vertebral artery (VA) injury in the atlantoaxial dislocation (AAD) patients with C1 pedicle height less than 4.0 mm and provide a strong toggle force in irreducible AAD and revision surgery. We evaluated the feasibility of C1 "Zero Angle" screw (C1ZAS) and safe entry point with "in-out-in" technique as an alternative option for C1 pedicle screw (PS) in cases with AAD.

Evaluation of the Anatomical Reference Point in Posterior Minimally Invasive Atlantoaxial Spine Surgery: A Cadaveric Anatomical Study.

Objective: Minimally invasive atlantoaxial surgery offers the benefits of reduced trauma and quicker recovery. Previous studies have focused on feasibility and technical aspects, but the lack of comprehensive safety information has limited its availability and widespread use. This study proposes to define the feasibility and range of surgical safety using the intersection of the greater occipital nerve and the inferior border of the inferior cephalic oblique as a reference point.

Incidences, causes and risk factors of unplanned reoperation within 30 days of craniovertebral junction surgery: a single-center experience.

Purpose: To investigate the incidences, causes, and risk factors for unplanned reoperation within 30 days of craniovertebral junction (CVJ) surgery.

Methods: From January 2002 to December 2018, a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent CVJ surgery at our institution was conducted. The demographics, history of the disease, medical diagnosis, approach and type of operation, surgery duration, blood loss, and complications were recorded.

Treating Pediatric Irreducible Atlantoaxial Rotatory Fixation (IAARF) by Unlocking Facet Joint Through Transoral Approach and Fixing With Slim-TARP Plate (15 Cases Series).

Background: Irreducible atlantoaxial rotatory fixation (IAARF) often requires surgical treatment. Transoral unlocking the facet joints is a key measure for the treatment of IAARF. We investigate a novel method for treating pediatric IAARF by unlocking facet joint through transoral appraoch and fixed with slim-tarp plate in same stage with same approach.

Incidence and management of surgical site infection in the cervical spine following a transoral approach.

Purpose: Transoral approach can accomplish ventral decompression directly. However, surgical site infection (SSI) cannot be ignored. This paper aims to review the prevalence of infection and conduct advice for the treatment of SSI in the cervical spine following the transoral approach.

Surface Defect Engineering on Perovskite Oxides as Efficient Bifunctional Electrocatalysts for Water Splitting.

The design of high-performance and cost-effective electrocatalysts for water splitting is of prime importance for efficient and sustainable hydrogen production. In this work, a surface defect engineering method is developed for optimizing the electrocatalytic activity of perovskite oxides for water electrolysis. A typical ferrite-based perovskite oxide material LaSrCoFeO (LSCF) is used and regulated by selective acid etching.

Anterior reduction and C1-ring osteosynthesis with Jefferson-fracture reduction plate (JeRP) via transoral approach for unstable atlas fractures.

Background: To introduce a novel transoral instrumentation in the treatment of unstable fractures of the atlas.

Methods: From January 2008 to May 2018, 22 patients with unstable C1 fractures who received Jefferson-fracture reduction plate (JeRP) via transoral approach were retrospectively analyzed. The case history and the radiographs before and after surgery were noted.

Preliminary application of 3D-printed individualised guiding templates for total hip arthroplasty in Crowe type IV developmental dysplasia of the hip.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility and accuracy of three-dimensional (3D)-printed individualised guiding templates in total hip arthroplasty (THA) for the treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH).

Methods: 12 hips in 12 patients with Crowe type IV DDH were treated with THA. A 3D digital model of the pelvis and lower limbs was reconstructed using the computed tomography data of the patients.

Classification and Surgical Treatment of Developmental Spinal Canal Stenosis at Atlas Level: A 15-Case Study.

Study Design: A retrospective study.

Objective: Investigate the diagnosis and surgery strategy for treatment of development spinal canal stenosis (DSSA) at atlas plane based on computerized tography (CT) image characters.

Summary Of Background Data: The occurrence of spinal canal stenosis in the atlas plane is relatively rare compared with lower cervical.

VR motion sickness recognition by using EEG rhythm energy ratio based on wavelet packet transform.

Background And Objectives: Virtual reality motion sickness (VRMS) is one of the main factors hindering the development of VR technology. At present, the VRMS recognition methods using electroencephalogram (EEG) signals have poor applicability to multiple subjects.

Methods: Aiming at this dilemma, the wavelet packet transform (WPT), was used to propose a feature extraction method for EEG rhythm energy ratios of delta (δ), theta (θ), alpha (α), and beta (β) in this research.

Management of pediatric patients with irreducible atlantoaxial dislocation: transoral anterior release, reduction, and fixation.

Objective: Although transoral atlantoaxial reduction plate (TARP) surgery has been confirmed to be safe and effective for adults who have irreducible atlantoaxial dislocation (IAAD) with or without basilar invagination or upper cervical revision surgery, it is rarely used to treat these disorders in children. The authors of this study aimed to report on the use of the anterior technique in treating pediatric IAAD.

Methods: In this retrospective study, the authors identified 8 consecutive patients with IAAD who had undergone surgical reduction at a single institution in the period between January 2011 and June 2104.

Management of Unique Basilar Invagination Combined with C1 Prolapsing into the Foramen Magnum in Children: Report of 2 Cases.

Background: Basilar invagination (BI) is a developmental anomaly and commonly presents with neurologic findings. The incidence of BI associated with other osseous anomalies of the craniovertebral junction is high, including incomplete ring of C1 with spreading of the lateral masses, atlanto-occipital assimilation, hypoplasia of the atlas, basiocciput hypoplasia, and occipital condylar hypoplasia. However, BI combined with C1 prolapsing into the foramen magnum (FM) is an extremely rare condition.

A High-Rate and Stable Quasi-Solid-State Zinc-Ion Battery with Novel 2D Layered Zinc Orthovanadate Array.

Zinc-ion batteries are under current research focus because of their uniqueness in low cost and high safety. However, it is still desirable to improve the rate performance by improving the Zn (de)intercalation kinetics and long-cycle stability by eliminating the dendrite formation problem. Herein, the first paradigm of a high-rate and ultrastable flexible quasi-solid-state zinc-ion battery is constructed from a novel 2D ultrathin layered zinc orthovanadate array cathode, a Zn array anode supported by a conductive porous graphene foam, and a gel electrolyte.

TMD-based highly efficient electrocatalysts developed by combined computational and experimental approaches.

As a large family of two-dimensional (2D) materials, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have been attracting an increasing level of attention and therefore considerable research input, owing to their intriguing catalytic, chemical and physical properties. The high exposed surface area, potentially large number of active sites, and chemical stability provide TMDs with vast opportunities for use as a unique class of electrocatalysts, while their low electrical conductivity and other deficiencies have drawn considerable research efforts for further modification. The optimization of TMDs can be achieved by several approaches, including site doping/modification, phase modulation, control of growth morphology and construction of heterostructures, by both appropriate computational simulations and purposely designed experimental studies.

In Situ Grown Epitaxial Heterojunction Exhibits High-Performance Electrocatalytic Water Splitting.

Electrocatalytic performance can be enhanced by engineering a purposely designed nanoheterojunction and fine-tuning the interface electronic structure. Herein a new approach of developing atomic epitaxial in-growth in Co-Ni N nanowires array is devised, where a nanoconfinement effect is reinforced at the interface. The Co-Ni N heterostructure array is formed by thermal annealing NiCo O precursor nanowires under an optimized condition, during which the nanowire morphology is retained.

Nonaqueous Hybrid Lithium-Ion and Sodium-Ion Capacitors.

Hybrid metal-ion capacitors (MICs) (M stands for Li or Na) are designed to deliver high energy density, rapid energy delivery, and long lifespan. The devices are composed of a battery anode and a supercapacitor cathode, and thus become a tradeoff between batteries and supercapacitors. In the past two decades, tremendous efforts have been put into the search for suitable electrode materials to overcome the kinetic imbalance between the battery-type anode and the capacitor-type cathode.

Ultrafast-Charging Supercapacitors Based on Corn-Like Titanium Nitride Nanostructures.

. The symmetric full-cell supercapacitors deliver a typical capacitance of 20.7 F cm at a scan rate of 1 V s, and retain 4.

[Application of 3D digital orthopedic techniques in treatment of acetabular fracture].

Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic effect of three-dimensional digital orthopedic techniques in treatment of acetabular fractures.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 50 cases of acetabular fracture treated between March, 2007 and December, 2013. The lamellar CT scanning data were imported into Mimics software, and 3D anatomical models of the pelvic and proximal femur were reconstructed.

Array of nanosheets render ultrafast and high-capacity Na-ion storage by tunable pseudocapacitance.

Sodium-ion batteries are a potentially low-cost and safe alternative to the prevailing lithium-ion battery technology. However, it is a great challenge to achieve fast charging and high power density for most sodium-ion electrodes because of the sluggish sodiation kinetics. Here we demonstrate a high-capacity and high-rate sodium-ion anode based on ultrathin layered tin(II) sulfide nanostructures, in which a maximized extrinsic pseudocapacitance contribution is identified and verified by kinetics analysis.

All Metal Nitrides Solid-State Asymmetric Supercapacitors.

Two metal nitrides, TiN porous layers and Fe2 N nanoparticles, are grown uniformly with the assistance of atomic layer deposition on vertically aligned graphene nanosheets and used as the cathode and anode for solid-state supercapacitors, respectively. Full cells are constructed and show good flexibility, high-rate capability, and 98% capacitance retention after 20,000 cycles.

Graphene quantum dots coated VO2 arrays for highly durable electrodes for Li and Na ion batteries.

Nanoscale surface engineering is playing important role in enhancing the performance of battery electrode. VO2 is one of high-capacity but less-stable materials and has been used mostly in the form of powders for Li-ion battery cathode with mediocre performance. In this work, we design a new type of binder-free cathode by bottom-up growth of biface VO2 arrays directly on a graphene network for both high-performance Li-ion and Na-ion battery cathodes.

Synthesis of free-standing metal sulfide nanoarrays via anion exchange reaction and their electrochemical energy storage application.

Metal sulfides are an emerging class of high-performance electrode materials for solar cells and electrochemical energy storage devices. Here, a facile and powerful method based on anion exchange reactions is reported to achieve metal sulfide nanoarrays through a topotactical transformation from their metal oxide and hydroxide preforms. Demonstrations are made to CoS and NiS nanowires, nanowalls, and core-branch nanotrees on carbon cloth and nickel foam substrates.

Hollow nickel nanocorn arrays as three-dimensional and conductive support for metal oxides to boost supercapacitive performance.

A novel three-dimensional (3D) metal/metal oxide core/branch array electrode has been fabricated as a supercapacitor electrode. Hollow Ni nanocorn arrays are constructed on Ni foams and act as a highly conductive and stable support to Co3O4 nanoflakes. Enhanced pseudocapacitive performance compared to bare Co3O4 nanosheets is demonstrated with high rate capability and excellent cycling stability.