Dissecting the genetic admixture and forensic signatures of ethnolinguistically diverse Chinese populations via a 114-plex NGS InDel panel.

Comprehensive characterizations of genetic diversity and demographic models of ethnolinguistically diverse Chinese populations are essential for elucidating their forensic characteristics and evolutionary past. We developed a 114-plex NGS InDel panel to genotype 114 genome-wide markers and investigated the genetic structures of Zhuang, Hui, Miao, Li, Tibetan, Yi, and Mongolian populations, encompassing five language families. This panel demonstrated robust performance, with exceptional potential for forensic individual identification and paternity testing, evidenced by the combined power of discrimination for 77 autosomal InDels (ranged from 1-3.

Hepatocyte-specific SLC27A4 deletion ameliorates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in mice via suppression of phosphatidylcholine-mediated PXR activation.

Background: The protein Solute carrier family 27 member 4 (SLC27A4) is crucial for fatty acid synthesis and β-oxidation, but its role in hepatic steatosis and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) progression is not fully understood.

Methods: Mice with AAV-mediated overexpression of Slc27a4 in liver and hepatocytes-specific deletion of Slc27a4 were fed a standard chow diet, a high-fat diet (HFD), or a methionine and choline-deficient diet (MCD). Serum and liver tissues were collected and analyzed by biochemical assay, histology, lipidomic analysis, RNA-seq analysis, qPCR, western blot and immunofluorescence.

Repurposing of halogenated organic pollutants via alkyl bromide-catalysed transfer chlorination.

Halogenated organic pollutants (HOPs) are causing a significant environmental and human health crisis due to their high levels of toxicity, persistence and bioaccumulation. Urgent action is required to develop effective approaches for the reduction and reuse of HOPs. Whereas current strategies focus primarily on the degradation of HOPs, repurposing them is an alternative approach, albeit a challenging task.

A novel 193-plex MPS panel integrating STRs and SNPs highlights the application value of forensic genetics in individual identification and paternity testing.

Massively parallel sequencing (MPS) has emerged as a promising technology for targeting multiple genetic loci simultaneously in forensic genetics. Here, a novel 193-plex panel was designed to target 28 A-STRs, 41 Y-STRs, 21 X-STRs, 3 sex-identified loci, and 100 A-SNPs by employing a single-end 400 bp sequencing strategy on the MGISEQ-2000™ platform. In the present study, a series of validations and sequencing of 1642 population samples were performed to evaluate the overall performance of the MPS-based panel and its practicality in forensic application according to the SWGDAM guidelines.

JiaGaSongTang improves chronic cholestasis via enhancing FXR-mediated bile acid metabolism.

Background: Bile acid (BA) enterohepatic circulation disorders are a main feature of chronic cholestatic diseases. Promoting BA metabolism is thus a potential method of improving enterohepatic circulation disorders, and treat enterohepatic inflammation, oxidative stress and fibrosis due to cholestasis.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of JiaGaSongTang (JGST) and its blood-absorbed ingredient 6-gingerol on α-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT)-induced chronic cholestasis, as well as elucidate the underlying regulatory mechanism.

Timosaponin BⅡ reduces colonic inflammation and alleviates DSS-induced ulcerative colitis by inhibiting NLRP3.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The Timosaponin BⅡ (TBⅡ) is one of the main active components of the traditional Chinese medicine Anemarrhena asphodeloides, and it is a steroidal saponin with various pharmacological activities such as anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptosis. However, its role in acute ulcerative colitis remains unexplored thus far.

Aim Of The Study: This study aims to investigate the protective effect of TBⅡ against dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis in mice and elucidate its underlying mechanisms.

Antidiabetic effects and mechanism of γ-polyglutamic acid on type II diabetes mice.

Diabetes is one of the foremost chronic non-communicable diseases worldwide, which significantly impacts people's quality of life. This study aimed to investigate the hypoglycemic effects of γ-polyglutamic acid (γ-PGA) on STZ-induced type II diabetes mice and its potential mechanisms. The results indicated that γ-PGA intervention contributed to reducing fasting blood glucose levels in diabetic mice, regulating lipid metabolism in type II diabetes mice, and improving insulin resistance.

-Arylation of Amino Acid Esters via an I-Mediated Metal-Free Multicomponent Benzannulation Strategy.

Herein, we present a novel method for the -arylation of amino acid esters using α-bromoacetaldehyde acetal and acetoacetate via an I-mediated metal-free benzannulation strategy, which disclosed the first synthetic application of -arylation of amino acids using nonaromatic building blocks. The synthesized -arylated amino acid derivatives were found to possess promising selective inhibition against human hepatocellular liver carcinoma cells, human melanoma cells, and human normal liver cells, with an IC value as low as 16.79 μg·mL.

Identification of arnicolide C as a novel chemosensitizer to suppress mTOR/E2F1/FANCD2 axis in non-small cell lung cancer.

Background And Purpose: The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway plays critical roles in intrinsic chemoresistance by regulating Fanconi anaemia complementation group D2 (FANCD2) expression. However, the mechanisms by which mTOR regulates FANCD2 expression and related inhibitors are not clearly elucidated. Extracts of Centipeda minima (C.

Development of a Ratiometric Fluorescent Probe with Zero Cross-Talk for the Detection of SO Derivatives in Foods and Live Cells.

Sulfur dioxide (SO) derivatives are extensively utilized as both a preservative for foods and an active gaseous signal molecule in various physiological and pathological processes, but their excessive intake would bring harmful effects on human health; so, the determination of SO derivatives is of great importance. Herein, we developed a ratiometric fluorescent probe named 2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzothiazole-3-ethyl-1,1,2-trimethyl-1-benzo[]indolium (HBT-EMBI) by introducing a hemicyanine unit of EMBI to an HBT group for the detection of SO derivatives via an excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) and intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) effects. The probe displays some advantages, such as a colorimetric change from purple to colorless, a ratiometric fluorescence with zero cross-talk, and a remarkably large emission shift (Δλ = 164 nm) under a single-wavelength excitation.

Catalytic Undirected Meta-Selective C-H Borylation of Metallocenes.

Metallocenes are privileged backbones in the fields of synthetic chemistry, catalysis, polymer science, etc. Direct C-H functionalization is undoubtedly the simplest approach for tuning the properties of metallocenes. However, owing to the presence of multiple identical C(sp )-H sites, this protocol often suffers from low reactivity and selectivity issues, especially for the regioselective synthesis of 1,3-difunctionalized metallocenes.

Development and validation of a custom panel including 114 InDels using massively parallel sequencing for forensic application.

Insertion/deletion polymorphisms (InDels) have particular characteristics, such as a relatively low mutation rate, small amplicon size, and no stutter artifacts when genotyped via the capillary electrophoresis platform. It would be an important complementary tool for individual identification and certain kinship analyses. At present, massively parallel sequencing (MPS) has shown excellent application value in forensic studies.

Hepatoprotective effect of Typhaneoside on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease via farnesoid X receptor in vivo and in vitro.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most frequent health issues. The improvement of NAFLD is related to the activation of the farnesoid X receptor (FXR). Typhaneoside (TYP) is the main component of Typha orientalis Presl, which plays a positive role in the resistance of glucose and lipid metabolism disorders.

Pachymic acid modulates sirtuin 6 activity to alleviate lipid metabolism disorders.

Pachymic acid (Pac), a major bioactive constituent of , is an antioxidant that inhibits triglyceride (TG) accumulation. To the best of our knowledge, the present study investigated for the first time whether Pac activated sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) signaling to alleviate oleic acid (OA)-palmitic acid (PA)-induced lipid metabolism disorders in mouse primary hepatocytes (MPHs). In the present study, MPHs challenged with Pac were used to test the effects of Pac on intracellular lipid metabolism.

Ginsenosides Rc, as a novel SIRT6 activator, protects mice against high fat diet induced NAFLD.

Background: Hepatic lipid disorder impaired mitochondrial homeostasis and intracellular redox balance, triggering development of non-alcohol fatty liver disease (NAFLD), while effective therapeutic approach remains inadequate. Ginsenosides Rc has been reported to maintain glucose balance in adipose tissue, while its role in regulating lipid metabolism remain vacant. Thus, we investigated the function and mechanism of ginsenosides Rc in defending high fat diet (HFD)-induced NAFLD.

Bioelectrets in Electrospun Bimodal Poly(lactic acid) Fibers: Realization of Multiple Mechanisms for Efficient and Long-Term Filtration of Fine PMs.

Despite the great potential in fabrication of biodegradable and eco-friendly air filters by electrospinning poly(lactic acid) (PLA) membranes, the filtering performance is frequently dwarfed by inadequate physical sieving or electrostatic adsorption mechanisms to capture airborne particulate matters (PMs). Here, using the parallel spinning approach, the unique micro/nanoscale architecture was established by conjugation of neighboring PLA nanofibers, creating bimodal fibers in electrospun PLA membranes for the enhanced slip effect to significantly reduce the air resistance. Moreover, the bone-like nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite bioelectret (HABE) was exploited to enhance the dielectric and polarization properties of electrospun PLA, accompanied by the controlled generation of junctions induced by the microaggregation of HABE (10-30 wt %).

A ratiometric fluorescence sensor based on gold silver nanoclusters and tungsten disulfide quantum dots with simple fabrication for the detection of copper ions in river water.

Copper plays a key role in the human body; meanwhile, excess Cu ions can result in various diseases. Nanoclusters (NCs) are often used to measure Cu ions, but there are two difficulties. On the one hand, a single probe of NCs is easily affected by environmental factors.

Development and application of a multiplex PCR system for forensic salivary identification.

In forensics, accurate identification of the origin of body fluids is essential for reconstructing a crime scene or presenting strong evidence in court. Microorganisms have demonstrated great potential in body fluid identification. We developed a multiplex PCR system for forensic salivary identification, which contains five types of bacteria:Streptococcus salivarius, Neisseria subflava, Streptococcus.

Effect of Rivaroxaban vs Enoxaparin on Major Cardiac Adverse Events and Bleeding Risk in the Acute Phase of Acute Coronary Syndrome: The H-REPLACE Randomized Equivalence and Noninferiority Trial.

Importance: Parenteral enoxaparin is a preferred anticoagulant used in the acute phase for patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The safety and efficacy of short-term low-dose rivaroxaban in this clinical setting remain unknown.

Objective: To compare the safety and efficacy of rivaroxaban vs enoxaparin in the acute phase of ACS.

Phase Change Thermal Energy Storage Enabled by an In Situ Formed Porous TiO.

Uneven and insufficient encapsulation caused by surface tension between supporting and phase change materials (PCMs) can be theoretically avoided if the encapsulation process co-occurs with the formation of supporting materials in the same environment. Herein, for the first time, a one-pot one-step (OPOS) protocol is developed for synthesizing TiO -supported PCM composite, in which porous TiO is formed in situ in the solvent of melted PCMs and directly produces the desired thermal energy storage materials with the completion of the reaction. The preparation features straightforward operation and high environmental metrics with no emission, requires only stirring and heating without the addition of organic solvent or catalyst.

Biomineralization of bone-like hydroxyapatite to upgrade the mechanical and osteoblastic performances of poly(lactic acid) scaffolds.

Biomimetic mineralization of high-strength apatite structure essentially relies on mimicking the inorganic building blocks of naturally occurring bones. However, conventional routes still have substantial function gaps in providing precision control over the geometrical dimensions and crystalline morphology of biomineralized apatite. Herein, we conceived the concept of microwave-assisted biomineralization (MAB) to customize 1D hydroxyapatite nanowhiskers (HANWs) at graphene templates, rendering the formation of graphene-hydroxyapatite (Gr-HA) nanohybrids.

Vitexin Protects against Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis in Mice and Its Potential Mechanisms.

Vitexin, one of the major active components in hawthorn, has been shown to possess multiple pharmacological activities. Here, we sought to investigate the effect of vitexin on an ameliorating dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) mouse model and further explored its potential mechanism. The results indicated that vitexin administration could significantly alleviate the signs of colitis via suppressing body weight loss, reducing disease activity index (DAI) score, and mitigating colonic damage.