Intuitive endoscopic robot master device with image orientation correction.

Background: The camera of an endoscope is fixed to the device, and the image rotates together with the endoscope. This can lead to visual confusion for the user and incorrect image reading. The problem also occurs with endoscopic robots.

Bed-mounted laparoscopic surgical robot system with novel positioning arm mechanism.

Background: Commercialised laparoscopic surgical robotic systems require a large operating room and can only be used in large hospitals. If the robotic system is to be used in a small- or medium-sized hospital, the occupied volume must be reduced further.

Methods: In this paper, we propose a bed-mounted system that can be installed in a general operating room.

Intuitive master device for endoscopic robots with visual-motor correspondence.

Background: Master devices exclusively used for endoscopes with position control are being developed as an isomorphic form of endoscopes. These master devices are difficult to intuitively operate because the movement direction of the endoscopic image and control handle do not match.

Methods: To solve this problem, a master device was developed.

Analysis of tendon tension and hysteresis by tendon twisting and development of anti-twist tendon mechanism of robotic surgical instruments.

Background: Control of the joints of robotic surgical instruments is difficult owing to hysteresis, and tendon twisting due to axial rotation of surgical tools also causes hysteresis. Therefore, a new mechanism is needed to prevent tendon twisting.

Methods: Tendon tension and hysteresis change were analysed by observing the movement of the joint depending on whether the tendons twisted for the same input signal.

Diversity and seasonal variation of endophytic fungi isolated from three conifers in mt. Taehwa, Korea.

The needled leaves of three conifer species were collected in Mt. Taehwa during different seasons of the year. Total 59 isolates and 19 species of endophytic fungi were isolated from the leaves and identified using morphological and molecular characteristics.

Usefulness of a Cook® airway exchange catheter in laryngeal mask airway-guided fiberoptic intubation in a neonate with Pierre Robin syndrome -A case report-.

The case of a 33-day-old boy with Pierre Robin syndrome using a Cook® airway exchange catheter in laryngeal mask airway-guided fiberoptic intubation is presented. After induction with sevoflurane, classical reusable laryngeal mask airway (LMA) #1 was inserted and ultrathin fiberoptic bronchoscope (FOB) was passed through. A Cook® airway exchange catheter (1.

Patient dose measurements in diagnostic radiology procedures in Korea.

This study is the first nationwide investigation aimed at estimating the patient dose for radiographic examinations in Korea including gastrointestinal studies, computed tomography and mammography. The survey data from 161 hospitals and the dose data from 32 hospitals were analysed. The third quartile entrance surface dose, dose area product (DAP), weighted CT dose index (CTDIw) and mean glandular dose (MGD) were reported.

Heat shock protein hsp72 is a negative regulator of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1.

Heat shock protein 72 (Hsp72) is thought to protect cells against cellular stress. The protective role of Hsp72 was investigated by determining the effect of this protein on the stress-activated protein kinase signaling pathways. Prior exposure of NIH 3T3 cells to mild heat shock (43 degrees C for 20 min) resulted in inhibition of H(2)O(2)-induced activation of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1).