Hypersensitivity reactions to multiple anti-tuberculosis drugs.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate hypersensitivity reactions to anti-tuberculosis (TB) drugs.

Methods: We retrospectively compared the clinical manifestations and treatment outcomes of single and multiple drug hypersensitivity reactions (DHRs).

Results: Twenty-eight patients were diagnosed with anti-TB DHRs using oral drug provocation tests.

Feasibility of re-biopsy and EGFR mutation analysis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: In cases of EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) failure, re-biopsy may be useful to understand resistance mechanisms and guide further treatment decisions. However, performing re-biopsy is challenging because of several hurdles. We assessed the feasibility of re-biopsy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients in real-world clinical practice.

Impact of diabetes mellitus on indeterminate results of the QuantiFERON TB Gold In-Tube test: A propensity score matching analysis.

Background: The sensitivity of interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) in the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection could be affected by conditions of immune dysregulation. For this reason, diabetes mellitus (DM) may increase the frequency of indeterminate results of IGRAs. However, there have been inconsistent reports of role of DM on indeterminate IGRA results.

Acute respiratory distress syndrome and chemical burns after exposure to chlorine-containing bleach: a case report.

Chlorine-containing bleach can cause acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and chemical burns. However, simultaneous occurrence of the two conditions caused by this agent is very rare. We describe the case of a 74-year-old female who presented with shortness of breath and hemoptysis following accidental exposure to chlorine-containing bleach.

Clinical factors associated with weaning failure in patients requiring prolonged mechanical ventilation.

Background: For patients requiring prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV), weaning is difficult and mortality is very high. PMV has been defined recently, by consensus, as constituting ≥21 consecutive days of mechanical ventilation (MV) for ≥6 hours per day. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical factors predicting weaning failure in patients undergoing PMV in medical intensive care unit (ICU).

Risk of bladder cancer among patients with diabetes treated with a 15 mg pioglitazone dose in Korea: a multi-center retrospective cohort study.

It has not yet been determined whether chronic exposure to relatively low doses of pioglitazone increases risk of bladder cancer. We aimed to assess the risk of bladder cancer associated with pioglitazone in Korean patients. This was a retrospective cohort study of diabetic patients who had ≥ 2 clinic visits between November 2005 and June 2011 at one of four tertiary referral hospitals in Korea.

Pattern of Stress-Induced Hyperglycemia according to Type of Diabetes: A Predator Stress Model.

Background: We aimed to quantify stress-induced hyperglycemia and differentiate the glucose response between normal animals and those with diabetes. We also examined the pattern in glucose fluctuation induced by stress according to type of diabetes.

Methods: To load psychological stress on animal models, we used a predator stress model by exposing rats to a cat for 60 minutes and measured glucose level from the beginning to the end of the test to monitor glucose fluctuation.

Comparing CT perfusion with oxygen partial pressure in a rabbit VX2 soft-tissue tumor model.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the oxygen partial pressure of the rabbit model of the VX2 tumor using a 64-slice perfusion CT and to compare the results with that obtained using the oxygen microelectrode method. Perfusion CT was performed for 45 successfully constructed rabbit models of a VX2 brain tumor. The perfusion values of the brain tumor region of interest, the blood volume (BV), the time to peak (TTP) and the peak enhancement intensity (PEI) were measured.

Systematic evaluation on the use of acellular dermis matrix graft in prevention Frey syndrome after parotid neoplasm surgery.

Objective: To study the effectiveness and safety of acellular dermal matrix (ADM) graft in preventing Frey syndrome after parotid neoplasm surgery, we reviewed foreign reported clinical randomized controlled trials systematically. Based on this review, we aimed to assess the effectiveness of ADM graft and provide reliable evidence for clinical application.

Methods: We reviewed foreign-language databases, such as MEDLINE, applied meta-analysis with Rev.

Angiopoietin-2 expression is correlated with angiogenesis and overall survival in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

This study sought to determine the expression of angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) and vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and assess their correlations with tumor progression, angiogenesis, vessel maturation, and clinical survival. Tumor tissue from 102 OSCC patients, adjacent noncancerous oral tissue from 79 OSCC patients, and normal oral mucosa from 35 control patients were examined for Ang-2 and VEGF expression using conventional immunohistochemistry. Microvessel density (MVD) and vessel maturation index (VMI) were assessed by double-label immunohistochemistry staining using anti-CD34 and anti-alpha-smooth muscle actin, respectively.

Predictive clinical parameters and glycemic efficacy of vildagliptin treatment in korean subjects with type 2 diabetes.

Background: The aims of this study are to investigate the glycemic efficacy and predictive parameters of vildagliptin therapy in Korean subjects with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: In this retrospective study, we retrieved data for subjects who were on twice-daily 50 mg vildagliptin for at least 6 months, and classified the subjects into five treatment groups. In three of the groups, we added vildagliptin to their existing medication regimen; in the other two groups, we replaced one of their existing medications with vildagliptin.

Continuous glucose monitoring: current clinical use.

Four kinds of subcutaneous continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) machines have been currently introduced in clinical practice. These machines exhibit real-time glucose on the monitor every 5 minutes and have alarms to indicate hypoglycaemia and hyperglycaemia. However, thus far, there is no clear consensus about the clinical indications for CGM in actual clinical practice.

Effects of a 6-Month Exenatide Therapy on HbA1c and Weight in Korean Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: While many studies have shown the good efficacy and safety of exenatide in patients with diabetes, limited information is available about exenatide in clinical practice in Korean populations. Therefore, this retrospective cohort study was designed to analyze the effects of exenatide on blood glucose level and body weight in Korean patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods: We reviewed the records of the patients with diabetes who visited Seoul St.

Comparison of 64-slice CT perfusion imaging with contrast-enhanced CT for evaluating the target volume for three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy in the rabbit VX2 brain tumor model.

CT perfusion imaging is a promising technique for delineating the target volume for three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy, but it is difficult in humans to obtain gross pathological samples at the same level of the brain tumor to evaluate this technique. The aim of this study was to use the BV map of CT perfusion imaging to assess the target volume in the rabbit VX2 brain tumor model, which has similar characteristics to human brain tumor, and compare the results to those of CECT. New Zealand white rabbits were used for the animal model.

[Non-small cell lung cancer evaluated by first pass dynamic contrast-enhanced 16-slice spiral CT: correlation of tumor vascularity with pathological characteristics].

Objective: To investigate the role of first pass dynamic 16-slice spiral computed tomography in the evaluation of tumor angiogenesis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to assess its importance in predicting pathologic characteristics.

Methods: The first pass dynamic 16-slice spiral computed tomography was performed in 33 patients with NSCLC. Their peak heights (PH) were measured with dynamic evaluation software.

[Prognostic value of 9mTc-HL91 SPECT hypoxia imaging in patients with advanced NSCLC].

Objective: Tumor hypoxia can influence response to radiotherapy and other treatment modalities. Oxygenation status is proved to be an independent prognostic factor. 99mTc-HL91 (99mTc labeled 4,9-diaza-3,3,10,10-tetramethyldodecan-2,11-dione dioxime) is a potential noninvasive marker of tumor hypoxia.