Application of a feedforward control-based intervention for preventing hypothermia in trauma patients in a pre-hospital emergency setting.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of a feedforward control-based intervention strategy for preventing hypothermia among trauma patients during pre-hospital emergency care.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis comparing trauma patients treated before and after implementing the intervention, with 40 cases in each group. All patients received emergency care from the Fuzhou Emergency Center on the scene.

A comparative study on membrane fouling alleviation mechanisms by using nanoscale FeO and poly dimethyldiallylammonium chloride.

Membrane bioreactor (MBR) has become a promising technology for wastewater treatment. However, membrane fouling frequently occurred which greatly increased operational expense. Two different membrane fouling alleviation mechanisms were explored in this study.

Impact of poly dimethyldiallylammonium chloride on membrane fouling mitigation in a membrane bioreactor.

Poly dimethyldiallylammonium chloride (PDMDAAC) was applied in a membrane bioreactor (MBR) to study its effects on mitigation of MBR membrane fouling. Floc size, zeta potential, soluble microbial substances (SMP) and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) secretion were studied with respect to PDMMAAC-dosing operations. Results demonstrated that a sustainable filtration cycle extended 3.

Coastal surface sediment quality assessment in Leizhou Peninsula (South China Sea) based on SEM-AVS analysis.

Surface sediments from the coastal area of the Leizhou Peninsula in the South China Sea were collected and analyzed and the potential ecological risks in the area were assessed based on acid-volatile sulfide (AVS) model. The AVS levels are between 0.109 and 55.

A field study of the relationship between sulfide-bound metals and bioaccumulation by Limnodrilus sp. in a heavily polluted river.

Acid volatile sulfide (AVS) has been regarded as an important factor controlling metal bioavailability in anoxic sediments, but its effect on metal accumulation under natural conditions is poorly understood. Here, a field study of the influence of AVS on metal accumulation by Limnodrilus sp. in a heavily polluted river is provided.

Ecological risks assessment and pollution source identification of trace elements in contaminated sediments from the Pearl River Delta, China.

Sediments from 14 stations in the Foshan Waterway, a river crossing the industrial district of Guangdong Province, South China, were sampled and subsequently analyzed. The 14 stations were selected for the pollution discharging features of the river, such as the hydrology, the distribution of pollution sources, and the locations of wastewater outlets. The ecological risks were assessed, and the pollution sources were identified to provide valuable information for environmental impact assessment and pollution control.

[AVS concentrations in Xinan Creek and the influencing factors].

Sediment and overlying water samples were collected at 10 sampling stations at Xinan Creek, a tidal river in Pearl River Delta, and analyzed for physical and chemical characteristics as well as microbial incicators, in order to reveal the main factors dominating the spatial distribution of acid volatile sulfide (AVS). The effects of Eh, SRB OC and TS on the spatial distribution of AVS were investigated and the impact of AVS on the toxicity of heavy metals in the studied area was evaluated. The results showed that the range of AVS was 0.

Why can water cages adsorb aqueous methane? A potential of mean force calculation on hydrate nucleation mechanisms.

By performing constrained molecular dynamics simulations in the methane-water system, we successfully calculated the potential of mean force (PMF) between a dodecahedral water cage (DWC) and dissolved methane for the first time. As a function of the distance between DWC and methane, this is characterized by a deep well at approximately 6.2 A and a shallow well at approximately 10.

Can the dodecahedral water cluster naturally form in methane aqueous solutions? A molecular dynamics study on the hydrate nucleation mechanisms.

By performing a large scale of molecular dynamics simulations, we analyze 60 x 10(6) hydration shells of methane to examine whether the dodecahedral water cluster (DWC) can naturally form in methane aqueous solutions--a fundamental question relevant to the nucleation mechanisms of methane hydrate. The analyzing method is based on identifying the incomplete cages (ICs) from the hydration shells and quantifying their cagelike degrees (zetaC=0-1). Here, the zetaC is calculated according to the H-bond topological network of IC and reflects how the IC resembles the complete polyhedral cage.