DNA-induced 2'3'-cGAMP enhances haplotype-specific human STING cleavage by dengue protease.

The cytosolic DNA sensor cGMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) synthesizes the noncanonical cyclic dinucleotide 2'3'-cGAMP to activate the adaptor protein stimulator of IFN genes (STING), thus awakening host immunity in response to DNA pathogen infection. However, dengue virus (DENV), an RNA virus without a DNA stage in its life cycle, also manipulates cGAS-STING-mediated innate immunity by proteolytic degradation of STING. Here, we found that the sensitivity of STING to DENV protease varied with different human STING haplotypes.

Variance in heavy metal leachability of Pb-, Ni-, and Cr-contaminated soils through red brick sintering procedure.

The technology for remediating heavy metal-contaminated soil is considerably limited because heavy metals do not undergo decomposition. Off-site reuse has emerged as the main technique for treating heavy metal-contaminated soil. Soil is the primary material in red brick making; and in the sintering procedure, heavy metals could solidify and stabilize within bricks.

Recombinant Passenger Proteins Can Be Conveniently Purified by One-Step Affinity Chromatography.

Fusion tag is one of the best available tools to date for enhancement of the solubility or improvement of the expression level of recombinant proteins in Escherichia coli. Typically, two consecutive affinity purification steps are often necessitated for the purification of passenger proteins. As a fusion tag, acyl carrier protein (ACP) could greatly increase the soluble expression level of Glucokinase (GlcK), α-Amylase (Amy) and GFP.