Proteomics analysis of enzyme systems and pathway changes during the moromi fermentation of soy sauce mash.

Background: During the brewing of soy sauce, the conversion of multiple substances is driven by various microorganisms and their secreted enzyme systems. Soy sauce mash is an important source of enzyme systems during moromi fermentation, but the changes of enzyme systems in soy sauce mash during moromi fermentation are poorly understood. In order to explore the predominant enzyme systems existing during moromi fermentation and to explain the characteristics of the enzyme system changes, an enzymatic activities assay and 4D-label-free proteomics analysis were conducted on soy sauce mash at different stages of fermentation.

Interconvertible Pyridone Alkaloids from the Marine-Derived Fungus QDU1.

Eleven new pyridone alkaloids, penicipyridones A-K (-), and three new tetramic acids, tolypocladenols D-F (-), were isolated from rice media cultures of the marine-derived fungus QDU1. Their structures, including absolute configurations, were determined by comprehensive analyses of spectroscopic data, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction data. Interestingly, several of the penicipyridones undergo interconversions between hydroxy and methoxy groups at C-4 in acidic MeOH solution.

Naphtho-Gamma-Pyrones (NPs) with Obvious Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitory Activity from the Marine-Derived Fungus S-48.

Eight naphtho-gamma-pyrones (NPs) (-), together with four known biosynthetically related coumarin derivatives (-), were isolated from the potato dextrose agar media of a marine-derived fungus S-48. Among them, natural compounds and were tentatively subjected to benzohydrazide reaction to evaluate the importance of pyran rings in NPs. Their structures were elucidated by extensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data and MS spectra.

[Efficacy of assisted treatment of thumb-tack acupuncture with surrounding needling method for herpes zoster of stagnated heat in liver meridian].

Objective: To compare the efficacy difference between thumb-tack acupuncture with surrounding needling method plus medication and medication alone for herpes zoster (HZ) of stagnated heat in liver meridian type.

Methods: According to random number table method, 60 patients with HZ of stagnated heat in liver meridian type were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 30 cases in each one. All the patients were treated with oral valaciclovir hydrochloride dispersible tablets (0.

Molecular identification of a root apical cell-specific and stress-responsive enhancer from an enhancer trap line.

Background: Plant root apex is the major part to direct the root growth and development by responding to various signals/cues from internal and soil environments. To study and understand root system biology particularly at a molecular and cellular level, an T-DNA insertional enhancer trap line J3411 expressing reporters (GFP) only in the root tip was adopted in this study to isolate a DNA fragment.

Results: Using nested PCR, DNA sequencing and sequence homology search, the T-DNA insertion site(s) and its flanking genes were characterised in J3411 line.

[Discussion on needling manipulation of Chifeng Yingyuan].

Regarding the needling manipulation, Chifeng Yingyuan, there are different descriptions in ancient medical literature and the current teaching materials or clinical reports, especially for the understanding recorded in Jinzhenfu Poem of Golden Needle). In the current teaching materials and clinical reports, it is described that the needle is inserted deeply at first, and then shallowly; afterward, the needle tip is pushed to the middle layer and manipulated with lifting, thrusting and rotating technique, combined with twisting and flying method. After analyzing the original description in the book and the feasibility of function and operation, the authors introduced their recognition on its manipulation and techniques in this article.