Enterotype-Specific Effects of Red Beetroot ( L.) Powder and Betanin on Human Gut Microbiota: A Preliminary Study Based on In Vitro Fecal Fermentation Model.

Red beetroots, rich in betanin, may act as prebiotics and impact gut microbiota. Because the human gut microbiota is unique to each person, the effectiveness of prebiotics varies with the enterotype. In this study, we hypothesized that the effects of red beetroot powder (RP) and betanin pigment (BP) would differ depending on the enterotype.

Anti-inflammatory effects of immature fruit extracts via suppression of NF-κB and MAPK signal pathways in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophage cells.

This study examined the anti-inflammatory effects of 70% ethanol crude extract of immature fruits (ICE) and its solvent fractions in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. In addition, we analyzed the active compounds related to suppression of inflammation.

Effects of Cooking and Processing Methods on Phenolic Contents and Antioxidant and Anti-Proliferative Activities of Broccoli Florets.

We investigated the effects of cooking (steaming and microwaving) and processing (freeze-drying and hot-air-drying) methods on the antioxidant activity of broccoli florets. 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), and alkyl free radical scavenging assays were employed to assess anti-oxidant potentials. The cytoprotective effect against oxidative damage induced by HO was studied using hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells.

2-Methoxy-4-vinylphenol Attenuates Migration of Human Pancreatic Cancer Cells Blockade of FAK and AKT Signaling.

Background/aim: No effective therapeutics have yet been developed for pancreatic cancer. 2-Methoxy-4-vinyl phenol (2M4VP), a member of the class of phenols, has been demonstrated to have anti-inflammatory properties and cause cell cycle arrest making it an attractive candidate drug for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.

Materials And Methods: The effects of 2M4VP were examined in Panc-1 and SNU-213 human pancreatic cancer cells.

Leaf Extract Suppresses Proinflammatory Cytokine Production in Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts Stimulated with Oral Pathogenic Bacteria or Interleukin-1β.

Periodontal disease, a chronic disease caused by bacterial infection, eventually progresses to severe inflammation and bone loss. Regulating excessive inflammation of inflamed periodontal tissues is critical in treating periodontal diseases. The periodontal ligament (PDL) is primarily a connective tissue attachment between the root and alveolar bone.

Catechol derived from aronia juice through lactic acid bacteria fermentation inhibits breast cancer stem cell formation via modulation Stat3/IL-6 signaling pathway.

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) as a subpopulation of cancer cells are drug-resistant and radiation-resistant cancer cells to be responsible for tumor progress, maintenance and recurrence of cancer, and metastasis. This study isolated and investigated a new cancer stem cell (CSC) inhibitor derived from lactic acid fermentation products using culture broth with 2% aronia juice. The anti-CSC activity of aronia-cultured broth was significantly higher than that of the control.

Anti-Osteoarthritic Effects of the Litsea japonica Fruit in a Rat Model of Osteoarthritis Induced by Monosodium Iodoacetate.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative chronic disease that affects various tissues surrounding the joints, such as the subchondral bone and articular cartilage. The onset of OA is associated with uncontrolled catabolic and anabolic remodeling processes of the joints, including the cartilage and subchondral bone, to adapt to local biological and biochemical signals. In this study, we determined whether 70% ethanolic (EtOH) extract of Litsea japonica fruit (LJFE) had beneficial effects on the articular cartilage, including structural changes in the tibial subchondral bone, matrix degradation, and inflammatory responses, in OA by using a rat model of monosodium iodoacetate-induced OA.

Characterization and pH-dependent substrate specificity of alkalophilic xylanase from Bacillus alcalophilus.

The gene of endo-beta-1-4 xylanase, xynT, was cloned from Bacillus alcalophilus AX2000 and expressed in Escherichia coli. This XynT, which belongs to glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 10, was found to have a molecular weight of approximately 37 kDa and exhibit optimal activity at pH 7-9 and 50 °C. It exhibits a high activity towards birchwood xylan and has the ability to bind avicel.

Redistribution of Na(V)1.8 in uninjured axons enables neuropathic pain.

The underlying mechanisms of neuropathic pain are poorly understood, and existing treatments are mostly ineffective. We recently demonstrated that antisense mediated "knock-down" of the sodium channel isoform, Na(V)1.8, reverses neuropathic pain behavior after L5/L6 spinal nerve ligation (SNL), implicating a critical functional role of Na(V)1.

Photodynamic effect of iron excess on photosystem II function in pea plants.

An earlier mechanistic phase of iron toxicity in photosynthetic cells was interpreted in terms of enhanced photodynamic action by the cytochrome b6/f complex (Cyt b6/f) via singlet oxygen (1O2) on the photosystem II complex (PS II). Iron excess was induced in hydroponically cultured pea (Pisum sativum L.) plants, and its effect on the function of PS II in vivo as well as in vitro was studied under high-irradiance conditions.

Inhibition of neuropathic pain by decreased expression of the tetrodotoxin-resistant sodium channel, NaV1.8.

Neuropathic pain is a debilitating chronic syndrome that often arises from injuries to peripheral nerves. Such pain has been hypothesized to be the result of an aberrant expression and function of sodium channels at the site of injury. Here, we show that intrathecal administration of specific antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) to the peripheral tetrodotoxin (TTX)-resistant sodium channel, NaV1.