Silybin Derivatives Produced by γ-Irradiation and Their Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activities.

Silybin, which belongs to the flavonolignan group, is the major component of the fruit extract of (common name: milk thistle). Silybin is a medicinal compound with hepatoprotective, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. In this study, silybin derivatives were produced through γ-radiolysis, and their tyrosinase inhibitory activities were evaluated to explore the enhanced activities of silybin derivatives compared to silybin ().

Angular dihydropyranocoumarins from the flowers of Peucedanum japonicum and their aldo-keto reductase inhibitory activities.

Twenty-one angular dihydropyranocoumarins and a linear furanocoumarin, including four previously undescribed compounds (1-4), were isolated from the flowers of Peucedanum japonicum (Umbelliferae). The structures of 1-4, along with their absolute stereochemistry, were determined to be (3'S,4'S)-3'-O-propanoyl-4'-O-(3‴-methyl-2‴-butenoyl)khellactone (1), (3'S,4'S)-3'-O-propanoyl-4'-O-(2‴-methyl-2‴Z-butenoyl)khellactone (2), (3'S,4'S)-3'-O-propanoyl-4'-O-(2‴-methylbutanoyl)khellactone (3), and (3'S,4'S)-3'-O-(2″-methylpropanoyl)-4'-O-(3‴-methyl-2‴-butenoyl)khellactone (4) using one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance, high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy, and electronic circular dichroism spectroscopy. In addition, the absolute configuration of the three angular dihydropyranocoumarins (5-7) was determined for the first time in this study.

Antimetastatic activity of seongsanamide B in γ-irradiated human lung cancer.

Lung cancer, which has a high incidence and mortality rates, often metastasizes and exhibits resistance to radiation therapy. Seongsanamide B has conformational features that suggest it has therapeutic potential; however, its antitumor activity has not yet been reported. We evaluated the possibility of seongsanamide B as a radiation therapy efficiency enhancer to suppress γ-irradiation-induced metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer.

Content of Two Major Steroidal Glycoalkaloids in Tomato ( cv. Micro-Tom) Mutant Lines at Different Ripening Stages.

Esculeoside A and tomatine are two major steroidal alkaloids in tomato fruit () that exhibit anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and anti-hyperlipidemia activities. Tomatine contained in immature tomato fruit is converted to esculeoside A as the fruit matures. To develop new tomato varieties based on the content analysis of functional secondary metabolites, 184 mutant lines were generated from the original cultivar ( cv.

Comparative Analysis of Coumarin Profiles in Different Parts of and Their Aldo-Keto Reductase Inhibitory Activities.

(Umbelliferae) is widely distributed throughout Southeast Asian countries. The root of this plant is used in traditional medicine to treat colds and pain, whereas the young leaves are considered an edible vegetable. In this study, the differences in coumarin profiles for different parts of including the flowers, roots, leaves, and stems were compared using ultra-performance liquid chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry.

18:0 Lyso PC Derived by Bioactivity-Based Molecular Networking from Lentil Mutant Lines and Its Effects on High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice.

Lentil (; Fabaceae), one of the major pulse crops in the world, is an important source of proteins, prebiotics, lipids, and essential minerals as well as functional components such as flavonoids, polyphenols, and phenolic acids. To improve crop nutritional and medicinal traits, hybridization and mutation are widely used in plant breeding research. In this study, mutant lentil populations were generated by γ-irradiation for the development of new cultivars by inducing genetic diversity.

Metabolite Profiling and Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV Inhibitory Activity of Cultivars in Different Mutations.

species have been developed to produce cultivars of various floral colors and sizes and are also used in traditional medicine. To identify and evaluate mutant cultivars of . and .

Chemical and Biological Profiles of in Two Different Species, Their Hybrid, and Gamma-Irradiated Mutant Lines of the Hybrid Based on LC-QToF MS and Cytotoxicity Analysis.

The species (Orchidaceae) has been cultivated as an ornamental plant as well as used in traditional medicines. In this study, the chemical profiles of Dendrobii Herba, used as herbal medicine, in two different species, their hybrid, and the gamma-irradiated mutant lines of the hybrid, were systematically investigated via ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QToF MS). Among the numerous peaks detected, 17 peaks were unambiguously identified.

Anti-diabetic effect of the lupinalbin A compound isolated from : analysis and molecular docking study.

Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) and α-glucosidase inhibitors have been developed as anti-diabetic agents for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. In the present study, the anti-diabetic effects of the lupinalbin A compound isolated from was investigated by measuring its inhibitory activity against DPP4 and α-glucosidase. To detect the inhibitory effect of lupinalbin A, DPP4 and α-glucosidase assays were performed .

Isoegomaketone from (L.) Britt Stimulates MAPK/ERK Pathway in Human Keratinocyte to Promote Skin Wound Healing.

Skin wound healing is essential for recovery from injury, and delayed or impaired wound healing is a severe therapeutic challenge. Keratinocytes, a major component of the epidermis, play crucial roles in reepithelialization during wound healing including cell proliferation. Recent studies have shown that compounds from natural products have candidates for healing skin injury.

9‑Hydroxy‑isoegomaketone inhibits LPS‑induced NO and inflammatory cytokine production in RAW264.7 cells.

Isoegomaketone (IK) is a known component of that reportedly exhibits anti‑inflammatory, anti‑cancer and anti‑allergic properties. A novel compound known as 9‑HIK has been isolated from the extract of a radiation mutant var. using supercritical carbon dioxide.

Constituents of Flower and Their Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV Inhibitory Effects.

A new polyacetylene glycoside, (5)-6-tetradecene-8,10,12-triyne-1-ol-5---glucoside (), was isolated from the flower of (Compositae), together with two known compounds, bidenoside C () and (3,4)-5-trideca-1,5-dien-7,9,11-triyne-3,4-diol-4---glucopyranoside (), which were found in species for the first time. The other known compounds, lanceoletin (), 3,2'-dihydroxy-4-3'-dimethoxychalcone-4'-glucoside (), 4-methoxylanceoletin (), lanceolin (), leptosidin (), (2)-8-methoxybutin (), luteolin () and quercetin (), were isolated in this study and reported previously from this plant. The structure of was elucidated by analyzing one-dimensional and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance and high resolution-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry data.

Phenolic Compounds in Extracts of (Cranberry Hibiscus) and Their Antioxidant and Antibacterial Properties.

Hibiscus species are rich in phenolic compounds and have been traditionally used for improving human health through their bioactive activities. The present study investigated the phenolic compounds of leaf extracts from 18 different accessions and evaluated their biofunctional properties, focusing on antioxidant and antibacterial activity. The most abundant phenolic compound in was caffeic acid, with levels ranging from 14.

Composition and Antioxidant Activities of Volatile Organic Compounds in Radiation-Bred Cultivars.

is a flowering plant belonging to the Asteraceae family. It is an ornamental plant native to the Americas, Asia and Oceania and its flower is used as a raw material for tea and food manufacture in China. In this study, new cultivars of ("golden ring") were developed via radiation-induced mutation of the original cultivar, "pumpkin pie".

Purification of Phenylpropanoids from the Scaly Bulbs of by CPC and Determination of Their DPP-IV Inhibitory Potentials.

The scaly bulbs of (Liliaceae) are used as a food ingredient and a traditional medicine in East Asia. A preliminary study revealed that treatment with 100 μg/mL of the ethyl acetate fraction of this plant material inhibited dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) to 58.99%.

Moscatilin Induces Apoptosis in Human Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells via JNK Signaling Pathway.

Dendrobii Herba is an herbal medicine that uses the stems of species (Orchidacea). It has been traditionally used to treat fever, hydrodipsomania, stomach disorders, and amyotrophia. In our previous study, a bibenzyl compound, moscatilin, which is isolated from Dendrobii Herba, showed potent cytotoxicity against a FaDu human pharyngeal squamous carcinoma cell line.

Inhibitory Activity of Flavonoids, Chrysoeriol and Luteolin-7--Glucopyranoside, on Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase from Capsicum chinense.

Three flavonoids derived from the leaves of Jacq. were identified as chrysoeriol (1), luteolin-7--glucopyranoside (), and isorhamnetin-7--glucopyranoside (). They had IC values of 11.

Anti-Arthritic Activities of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extract Derived from Radiation Mutant Var. in Collagen Antibody-Induced Arthritis.

We investigated the anti-arthritic effects of the radiation mutant var. leaf extract (SFE-M) and wild type leaf extract (SFE-W), both prepared by supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO) extraction, on collagen antibody-induced arthritis (CAIA) in Balb/c mice. Animals were randomly divided into four groups: control, CAIA, CAIA + SFE-M (100 mg/kg/day), and CAIA + SFE-W (100 mg/kg/day).

Xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity of isoflavonoids from Apios americana.

Xanthine oxidase (XO) is a form of xanthine oxidoreductase, a type of enzyme that plays a key role in the induction of hyperuricemia and raising superoxide radical level in blood. The present study was performed to evaluate the inhibitory activity of isoflavonoids (1-3) isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of Apios americana, on the catalytic reaction mediated by XO. The isoflavonoids exhibited potential inhibitory activity within microgram/mL along with quenching effect towards XO.

Furanocoumarins from the Roots of with Inhibitory Activity against Intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species Accumulation.

Five new furanocoumarins, dahuribirin H (), dahuribirin I (), (2')-(+)-5-(2'-hydroxy-3'-methylbut-3'-enyloxy)-8-(3''-methylbut-2″-enyloxy)psoralen (), (2')-(+)-5-(2',3'-epoxy-3'-methylbutoxy)-8-(3″-methylbut-2″-enyloxy)psoralen (), and 5-methoxy-8-(()-4'-(3″-methylbutanoate)-3'-methylbut-2'-enyloxy)psoralen (), along with 15 known compounds (-), were isolated from the roots of . The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis, along with electronic circular dichroism calculations and Mosher ester analysis. Compounds , , , , and reduced HO-induced cell death in HepG2 cells and attenuated reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation without showing cytotoxicity, suggesting that these compounds might have cytoprotective effects against HO-induced oxidative damage via ROS scavenging activities.

Comparative Analysis of Phytochemical Composition of Gamma-Irradiated Mutant Cultivars of .

The flowers of chrysanthemum species are used as a herbal tea and in traditional medicine. In addition, members of the genus have been selected to develop horticultural cultivars of diverse floral colors and capitulum forms. In this research, we investigated the phytochemical composition of eight gamma-irradiation mutant cultivars of and their original cultivars.

Identification of Two New Phenanthrenes from Dendrobii Herba and Their Cytotoxicity towards Human Hypopharynx Squamous Carcinoma Cell (FaDu).

Two new phenanthrenes, (1,2)-1,7-hydroxy-2,8-methoxy-2,3-dihydrophenanthrene-4(1)-one () and 2,7-dihydroxy-phenanthrene-1,4-dione (), were isolated from the ethyl acetate-soluble fraction of Dendrobii Herba, together with seven known phenanthrenes (-), two bibenzyls (-), and a lignan (). Structures of and were elucidated by analyzing one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D)-NMR and High-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectra (HR-ESI-MS) data. The absolute configuration of compound was confirmed by the circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopic method.

Isolation of soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor of capsaicin analogs from Capsicum chinense Jacq. cv. Habanero.

Capsaicin (1) and dihydrocapsaicin (2) were isolated from the aerial parts of Capsicum chinense Jacq. cv. Habanero.