Associations Between Outer Retinal Structures and Focal Macular Electroretinograms in Patients With Retinitis Pigmentosa.

Purpose: Our earlier study showed that the width of the intact ellipsoid zone (EZ) of the photoreceptors was significantly but weakly correlated with the amplitudes of the focal macular ERGs (FMERGs). The aim of this study was to determine a microstructure of the photoreceptors in the spectral-domain optical coherence tomographic (SD-OCT) images that was more strongly correlated with the FMERG parameters in eyes with retinitis pigmentosa (RP).

Methods: This was a retrospective, observational study.

Short-term focal macular electroretinogram of eyes treated by aflibercept & photodynamic therapy for polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy.

Background: To compare short-term outcomes of intravitreal aflibercept injection (IAI) with or without initial photodynamic therapy (PDT) for polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) using focal macular electroretinography (FMERG).

Design: Observation case series.

Methods: Twelve patients (6 males, 6 females; 12 eyes) with naïve PCV received 3 initial IAIs and a single session of PDT 3 days after the first IAI (combination group), and 13 patients (7 males, 6 females; 13 eyes) with naïve PCV received 3 initial IAIs only (IAI group) were retrospectively observed.

EVALUATION OF SHORT-TERM OUTCOMES OF INTRAVITREAL AFLIBERCEPT INJECTIONS FOR AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION USING FOCAL MACULAR ELECTRORETINOGRAPHY.

Purpose: To evaluate the relationship between morphological changes and functional improvements assessed using focal macular electroretinograms after intravitreal aflibercept (IVA) injections in eyes with wet age-related macular degeneration.

Methods: The clinical records of 42 eyes of 42 consecutive patients with naive, wet age-related macular degeneration received 3 monthly IVA were reviewed. The best-corrected visual acuity, central foveal thickness, outer retinal thickness, inner retinal thickness at baseline and 1 month after each IVA, and focal macular electroretinograms at baseline and 1 month after the first and third IVA were compared.

Restoration of Cone Interdigitation Zone Associated With Improvement of Focal Macular ERG After Fovea-Off Rhegmatogenous Retinal Reattachment.

Purpose: To determine whether a correlation exists between the parameters of the focal macular ERGs (FMERGs) and the microstructural changes of the photoreceptors after successful surgery for fovea-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).

Methods: Twenty eyes of 20 patients who had undergone successful surgery to reattach the retina in eyes with fovea-off RRD were studied. Focal macular ERGs and spectral-domain OCT (SD-OCT) were recorded at 1 and 6 months after the surgery.

Flicker electroretinograms before and after intravitreal ranibizumab injection in eyes with central retinal vein occlusion.

Purpose: To compare the amplitudes and implicit times of the flicker electroretinograms before and after an intravitreal injection of ranibizumab (IVR) in eyes with a central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO).

Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 15 consecutive patients who had macular oedema secondary to CRVO and had received an IVR at the Nagoya University Hospital from November 2013 to July 2014. Flicker ERGs were recorded with both the RETeval(™) system and a conventional ERG system before the IVR.

Electroretinograms and level of aqueous vascular endothelial growth factor in eyes with hemicentral retinal vein occlusion or branch retinal vein occlusion.

Purpose: Hemicentral retinal vein occlusion (hCRVO) is a disease related to CRVO but not to branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO). We reported a significant correlation between aqueous vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels and the implicit time of 30-Hz flicker electroretinogram (ERG) in CRVO eyes. The purpose of this study was to compare aqueous VEGF levels and ERG components between hCRVO and BRVO eyes.

Relationship between retinal layer thickness and focal macular electroretinogram components after epiretinal membrane surgery.

Purpose: To study the effect of epiretinal membrane (ERM) removal on the function and structure of the retina, and to determine whether the functional changes were correlated with the changes in the thickness of different retinal layers.

Methods: Focal macular electroretinography (FMERG) and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) were performed on 17 eyes of 15 patients before and after ERM surgery. The parafoveal retina was divided into an inner layer, a middle layer, and an outer layer in the OCT images.

Focal macular electroretinograms after intravitreal injections of bevacizumab for age-related macular degeneration.

Purpose: To evaluate the changes in the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), macular thickness, and focal macular electroretinograms (FMERGs) after three intravitreal injections of bevacizumab for a choroidal neovascularization (CNV) associated with age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Methods: The medical records of 18 eyes of 18 patients who had received three consecutive monthly intravitreal injections of bevacizumab were retrospectively studied. The BCVA, macular thickness determined by optical coherence tomography (OCT), and FMERGs were measured before the first injection, and 10 days after each of the intravitreal bevacizumab injections.

Significant correlation between electroretinogram parameters and ocular vascular endothelial growth factor concentration in central retinal vein occlusion eyes.

Purpose: Central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) leads to retinal ischemia, which then induces an upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The aim of this study was to determine whether a significant correlation exists between the ocular VEGF levels and the amplitudes and implicit times of different components of the electroretinogram (ERG) in eyes with a CRVO.

Methods: The medical records of the 20 consecutive patients who had macular edema secondary to CRVO and were examined at the Nagoya University Hospital from November 2008 to February 2010 were reviewed.

Focal macular electroretinograms after photodynamic therapy combined with intravitreal bevacizumab.

Background: Retinal function is transiently depressed after photodynamic therapy (PDT) alone. One of the reasons for this functional impairment is a reduction of choroidal circulation caused by the PDT. The purpose of this study was to determine whether PDT combined with intravitreal bevacizumab (PDT+IVB) can reduce or prevent the transient impaired macular function.

Analyses of ERG in a patient with intraocular lymphoma.

Purpose: To follow the changes in the electroretinograms (ERGs) in a patient with primary intraocular lymphoma (PIOL) who had a complete remission after chemotherapy.

Methods: ERGs were recorded in a 41-year-old woman with PIOL during and after complete remission with chemotherapy. The patient was diagnosed with PIOL from both the ocular signs and the medical history of cranial lymphoma.

Focal macular electroretinograms after photodynamic therapy combined with posterior juxtascleral triamcinolone acetonide.

Purpose: Retinal function is commonly depressed transiently after photodynamic therapy (PDT). Additional treatment may prevent this impaired retinal function. The purpose of this study was to determine the changes in the focal macular electroretinograms (FMERGs) after PDT combined with TA for age-related macular degeneration.

Correlation between macular volume and focal macular electroretinogram in patients with retinitis pigmentosa.

Purpose: To determine whether a significant correlation exists between the morphology of the macula measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and the amplitude of focal macular electroretinograms (fmERGs) in patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP).

Methods: fmERGs were recorded in 43 patients with RP and 43 age-similar normal subjects, with a 15 degrees stimulus spot, 5.6 to 5.

Focal macular electroretinograms in eyes with wet-type age-related macular degeneration.

Purpose: To study the properties of the focal macular electroretinograms (fmERGs) in eyes with untreated wet-type age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Methods: fmERGs were recorded from 157 eyes of 157 consecutive patients with untreated wet-type AMD (113 men, 44 women; age, 71.3 +/- 8.

Comparison of focal macular cone ERGs in complete-type congenital stationary night blindness and APB-treated monkeys.

Focal macular cone electroretinograms (ERGs) and multifocal ERGs were recorded to study the macular function in patients with the complete-type of congenital stationary night blindness (cCSNB). The waveforms of the focal macular cone ERGs and the on- and off-responses of the multifocal ERGs in the cCSNB patients were similar to those recorded from monkey retinas treated with L-2 amino-4-phosphonobutyric acid (APB), suggesting that patients with cCSNB have a complete defect of the on-pathway even in the central retina. The results also demonstrated that there was a paradoxical positive response in the central retina of cCSNB patients, as compared to the negative full-field ERGs in the same subjects.

Preservation of macular oscillatory potentials in eyes of patients with retinitis pigmentosa and normal visual acuity.

Purpose: To study the functional changes in the macula of the retina in the early stage of retinitis pigmentosa (RP), by analyzing each component of the focal macular electroretinogram (fmERG).

Methods: fmERGs were recorded from 39 patients with RP with normal visual acuity (>1.0) under direct fundus observation using a modified infrared fundus camera and 5 degrees , 10 degrees , and 15 degrees stimulus spots.

Correlation between focal macular electroretinograms and angiographic findings after photodynamic therapy.

Purpose: It is known that the amplitudes of the multifocal electroretinograms are generally reduced soon after photodynamic therapy (PDT). The purpose of this study was to determine whether this amplitude reduction correlates with the changes in macular thickness or with changes in choroidal circulation.

Methods: Thirty-seven eyes that were successfully treated by PDT were studied.

Selective amplitude reduction of the PhNR after macular hole surgery: ganglion cell damage related to ICG-assisted ILM peeling and gas tamponade.

Purpose: The photopic negative response (PhNR) is a negative component of the photopic electroretinogram (ERG) that is observed after the b-wave and is thought to originate mainly from the activity of ganglion cells and their axons. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there are subclinical functional changes in the inner retina after macular hole surgery, by recording the PhNR before and after surgery.

Methods: In addition to the routine ophthalmic examinations, photopic ERGs were recorded in 16 eyes with an idiopathic macular hole, before and 3 months after surgery.

Changes in foveal thickness and macular function after transpupillary thermotherapy for age-related macular degeneration.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of transpupillary thermotherapy (TTT) on foveal thickness and macular function in eyes with choroidal neovascularization (CNV) associated with age-related macular degeneration.

Methods: Sixteen eyes with occult CNV and 6 eyes with classic CNV were treated with TTT. Optical coherence tomography and focal macular electroretinograms (FMERGs) elicited by a 15-degree stimulus were performed before, 3 months after TTT in 22 eyes and 6 months after TTT in 18 eyes.

Dynamic aniseikonia measurement: prismatic effect appears on the hess chart.

Purpose: To determine if aniseikonia appears on the Hess [Screen] Chart and if it can be measured thereby; and to compare such measurement to the standard Awaya New Aniseikonia Test in both artificial and pathologic aniseikonia.

Subjects And Methods: Twenty normal subjects with 20% artificial induced aniseikonia (Group 1) and 21 patients with pathologic aniseikonia (Group 2) were examined with the New Aniseikonia Test (NAT) and the Hess Chart. Group 2 was divided into three subgroups: Group 2-1, 13 patients with aphakia, whose operated eyes were more hypermetropic that their better eyes; Group 2-2, 3 patients with myopic anisometropia more than 5 diopters; and Group 2-3, 5 patients who had received macular translocation surgery (MTS).

Changes in focal macular ERGs after macular translocation surgery with 360 degrees retinotomy.

Purpose: To evaluate the short- and long-term changes of focal macular electroretinograms (fmERGs) after macular translocation with 360 degrees retinotomy.

Methods: This was a retrospective study. fmERGs were recorded in 19 eyes of 19 consecutive patients who underwent macular translocation with 360 degrees retinotomy for choroidal neovascularization (CNV) secondary to age-related macular degeneration (AMD; 17 eyes) or polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (2 eyes).

Multifocal electroretinograms in X-linked retinoschisis.

Purpose: To study local retinal cone function in patients with X-linked retinoschisis (XLRS) by multifocal ERGs (mfERGs).

Methods: mfERGs were recorded from seven eyes of seven patients with XLRS (mean age +/- SD, 22.1 +/- 3.

Changes in focal macular electroretinograms and foveal thickness after vitrectomy for diabetic macular edema.

Purpose: To evaluate the changes in the focal macular electroretinogram (FMERG) and foveal retinal thickness after vitrectomy for diabetic macular edema (DME).

Methods: FMERGs were elicited from 25 eyes of 21 patients (ages 29-75 years) who underwent vitrectomy for DME by a 15 degrees stimulus. A posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) was created during surgery in 19 eyes (group 1), and 4 eyes had a PVD before surgery (group 2).

Retinal and optic disc atrophy associated with a CACNA1F mutation in a Japanese family.

Objective: To describe retinal and optic disc atrophy and a progressive decrease of visual function in 2 Japanese brothers. Both had a mutation in the CACNA1F gene, the causative gene of incomplete congenital stationary night blindness (CSNB).

Methods: We studied observational case reports and performed comprehensive ophthalmologic examinations including best-corrected visual acuity, biomicroscopy, ophthalmoscopy, fundus photography, and electroretinography.