[Characteristics and Cause of PM During Haze Pollution in Winter 2022 in Zhoukou, China].

The characteristics and main factors of causes of haze in Zhoukou in January 2022 were analyzed. Six air pollutants, water-soluble ions, elements, OC, EC, and other parameters in fine particulate matter were monitored and analyzed using a set of online high-time-resolution instruments in an urban area. The results showed that the secondary inorganic aerosols(SNA), carbonaceous aerosols(CA, including organic carbon OC and inorganic carbon EC), and reconstructed crustal materials(CM, such as AlO, SiO, CaO, and FeO, etc.

[Transport Influence and Potential Sources of PM Pollution for Nanjing].

In this study, 24-hour backward trajectories of the air mass in Nanjing were calculated by using the HYSPLIT model with the NCEP global reanalysis data from March 2019 to February 2020. The backward trajectories combined with the hourly concentration data of PM were then utilized in the trajectory clustering analysis and potential pollution source analysis. The results showed that the average concentration of PM in Nanjing was(36±20) μg·m during the study period, with 17 days exceeding the grade Ⅱ national ambient air quality standards (75 μg·m).

Parkin-mediated mitophagy protects against TNF-α-induced stress in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have been investigated as cellular therapeutics for intervertebral disc degeneration. However, transplanted BMSCs are prone to be damaged. TNF-α is reported to extensively promote degeneration process.

lncRNA-KCNQ1OT1: A Potential Target in Exosomes Derived from Adipose-Derived Stem Cells for the Treatment of Osteoporosis.

Background: Osteoporosis is a worldwide medical and socioeconomic burden characterized by systemic impairment of bone strength and microstructure. Exosomes derived from adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs-Exos) have been confirmed to play effective roles in the repair of various tissues and organs. This study was aimed at investigating the role of ADSCs-Exos and a novel long noncoding RNA KCNQ1OT1 played in osteoporosis as well as the underlying mechanism.

[Audit Indicators and Suggested Ranges for Data Validation of Chemical Components in Ambient PM: A Case Study of the Yangtze River Delta].

Diagnostic indicators for the validation of PM compositional data were calculated, based on the monitoring results of approximately 2100 ambient samples collected in the Yangzi River Delta from 2014 to 2017. According to the results of a correlation analysis, we propose that the audit indexes of the monitoring data of PM components in ambient air should include:equivalent ratios of anion-cation charge balance(), the consistency between sum of all measured components(∑species) and weighed PM, the consistency between mass reconstructed PM(PM) and weighed PM, the chemical consistency between elemental S and water-soluble SO, elemental K and water-soluble K, and the chemical consistency of theoretical and tested NH. The double-sided 95% reference ranges of anion-cation equivalent balance (), ∑species/PM, PM/PM, S/SO, and K/K ratios were determined in terms of and as follows:(0.

Bifunctional Carbenium Dications as Metal-Free Catalysts for the Reduction of Oxygen.

The development of catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction is a coveted objective of relevance to energy research. This study describes a metal-free approach to catalyzing the reduction of O into HO, based on the use of redox-active carbenium species. The most active catalysts uncovered by these studies are the bifunctional dications 1,8-bis(xanthylium)-biphenylene ([]) and 4,5-bis(xanthylium)-9,9-dimethylxanthene ([]) which promote the reaction when in the presence of decamethylferrocene and methanesulfonic acid.

Mitophagy is a protective response against oxidative damage in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.

Aims: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) show great potential in clinical applications such as in intervertebral disc degeneration. Nevertheless, environmental stress during the BMSC transplant or in the injured tissues is a catastrophic factor that causes cell toxicity and poor survival of BMSCs. Mitophagy plays a vital role in maintaining cellular homeostasis and defending against oxidative stress because this process could control mitochondrial quality and quantity by eliminating dysfunctional or damaged mitochondria that can cause cell death.

Molecular Regulation Mechanisms and Interactions Between Reactive Oxygen Species and Mitophagy.

The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in response to oxidative stress has important effects on cell development, normal function, and survival. It may cause oxidative damage to intracellular macromolecular substances and mitochondria through several signaling pathways. However, the damaged mitochondria promote further ROS generation, creating a vicious cycle that can cause cellular injury.

Digging the Sigma-Hole of Organoantimony Lewis Acids by Oxidation.

The development of group 15 Lewis acids is an area of active investigation that has led to numerous advances in anion sensing and catalysis. While phosphorus has drawn considerable attention, emerging research shows that organoantimony(III) reagents may also act as potent Lewis acids. Comparison of the properties of SbPh , Sb(C F ) , and SbAr with those of their tetrachlorocatecholate analogues SbPh Cat, Sb(C F ) Cat, and SbAr Cat (Cat=o-O C Cl , Ar =3,5-(CF ) C H ) demonstrates that the Lewis acidity of electron deficient organoantimony(III) reagents can be readily enhanced by oxidation to the +V state-as verified by binding studies, organic reaction catalysis, and computational studies.

Coordination of a stibine oxide to a Lewis acidic stiborane at the upper rim of the biphenylene backbone.

Our interest in bifunctional antimony Lewis acids has led us to synthesize 1,8-bis(diphenylstibino)biphenylene (2) by reaction of 1,8-bis(trimethylstannyl)biphenylene (1) with Ph2SbCl. Oxidation of this distibine with o-chloranil, followed by work-up in air afforded a biphenylene derivative (3) featuring a triarylstibine oxide connected via an Sb[double bond, length as m-dash]O → Sb bridge to the neighbouring antimony(v) center.

Large-bite diboranes for the μ(1,2) complexation of hydrazine and cyanide.

As part of our interest in the chemistry of polydentate Lewis acids as hosts for diatomic molecules, we have investigated the synthesis and coordination chemistry of bidentate boranes that feature a large boron-boron separation. In this paper, we describe the synthesis of a new example of such a diborane, namely 1,8-bis(dimesitylboryl)triptycene () and compare its properties to those of the recently reported 1,8-bis(dimesitylboryl)biphenylene (). These comparative studies reveal that these two diboranes feature some important differences.

[Chemical Characterization, Spatial Distribution, and Source Identification of Organic Matter in PM in summertime Shanghai, China].

Particulate organic matter (POM) has attracted increasing attention recently due to its great contribution to fine particles (PM) and complex components and sources. In the present study, 78 particulate organic compounds in PM were quantified at three sites in Shanghai during summer; these sites were located in urban (Xuhui), suburban (Qingpu), and coastal (Lin'gang) areas of the city. Accordingly, the chemical composition and spatial distribution were investigated and sources were explored based on the indicators and diagnostic ratios combined with backward trajectory.

[Estimation of Fine Particle (PM) Emission Inventory from Cooking: Case Study for Shanghai].

Cooking is one of important emission sources of fine particles (PM). This study using the catering enterprises of Shanghai as an example, presents a method to estimate the PM emission inventory from cooking according to the number of stoves, cooking time, and number of customers. Based on in situ measurements, the concentrations of PM emissions ranged from 0.

Exploiting the Strong Hydrogen Bond Donor Properties of a Borinic Acid Functionality for Fluoride Anion Recognition.

Borinic acids have typically not been considered as hydrogen bond donor groups in molecular recognition. Described herein is a bifunctional borane/borinic acid derivative (2) in which the two functionalities are connected by a 1,8-biphenylenediyl backbone. Anion binding studies reveal that 2 readily binds a fluoride anion by formation of a unique B-F⋅⋅⋅H-O-B hydrogen bond.

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) source profiles of on-road vehicle emissions in China.

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) source profiles of on-road vehicles were widely studied as their critical roles in VOCs source apportionment and abatement measures in megacities. Studies of VOCs source profiles from on-road motor vehicles from 2001 to 2016 were summarized in this study, with a focus on the comparisons among different studies and the potential impact of different factors. Generally, non-methane hydrocarbons dominated the source profile of on-road vehicle emissions.

Fluoride Anion Complexation by a Triptycene-Based Distiborane: Taking Advantage of a Weak but Observable C-H⋅⋅⋅F Interaction.

Fluoride anion complexation impacts a number of areas ranging from sensing to nucleophilic fluorination chemistry. Described here is a new bidentate Lewis acid consisting of two stiborane units connected by a 1,8-triptycenediyl backbone. This neutral derivative captures fluoride with an unprecedented affinity for a neutral, water-compatible Lewis acid.

Correction: Synthesis of N-heterocyclic carbene rhenium(i) carbonyl complexes.

Correction for 'Synthesis of N-heterocyclic carbene rhenium(i) carbonyl complexes' by Chang-Hong Chen, et al., Dalton Trans., 2012, 41, 2747-2754.

[Chemical Characteristics of Particulate Matters and Trajectory Influence on Air Quality in Shanghai During the Heavy Haze Episode in December, 2013].

Intensive haze shrouded central and eastern parts of China in Dec. 2013. In this study, the mass concentrations of gaseous and particulate pollutants, and also the chemical compositions of fine particulate matters were obtained based on in-situ measurement in Shanghai urban area.

Efficacy of volar and dorsal plate fixation for unstable dorsal distal radius fractures.

Objective: To compare the efficacy of volar and dorsal plate fixation for unstable dorsal distal radius fractures.

Methods: Forty-seven cases were selected from patients undergoing surgical reduction and internal fixation treatment in our hospital from August 2006 to October 2010, with 21 males and 26 females, aged 39-73 years old. Patients were divided into two groups: volar plate fixation group (Group A) which has 32 cases, including 27 cases with locking plate, 5 cases with ordinary T plate, and 4 cases combined with dorsal Kirschner wire fixation; dorsal plate fixation group (Group B) which has 15 cases, including 7 cases with locking plate.

Effects of hook plate on shoulder function after treatment of acromioclavicular joint dislocation.

Introduction: Internal fixation with hook plate has been used to treat acromioclavicular joint dislocation. This study aims to evaluate the effect of its use on shoulder function, to further analyze the contributing factors, and provide a basis for selection and design of improved internal fixation treatment of the acromioclavicular joint dislocation in the future.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on patients treated with a hook plate for acromioclavicular joint dislocation in our hospital from January 2010 to February 2013.

[Characteristics of particulate matters and its chemical compositions during the dust episodes in Shanghai in spring, 2011].

A continuous air quality observation was conducted in the urban area of Shanghai from April 28 to May 18 in 2011. The mass concentration of particle matters and main chemical compositions of fine particle were measured and analyzed. The mass concentrations of PM10 and PM2.

[Emission factors and PM chemical composition study of biomass burning in the Yangtze River Delta region].

The emission characteristics of five typical crops, including wheat straw, rice straw, oil rape straw, soybean straw and fuel wood, were investigated to explore the gas and particulates emission of typical biomass burning in Yangzi-River-Delta area. The straws were tested both by burning in stove and by burning in the farm with a self-developed measurement system as open burning sources. Both gas and fine particle pollutants were measured in this study as well as the chemical composition of fine particles.

[Aging and mixing state of particulate matter during aerosol pollution episode in autumn Shanghai using a single particle aerosol mass spectrometer (SPAMS)].

A single particle aerosol mass spectrometer (SPAMS) was applied to characterize the size distribution (200 nm-2.0 microm) and chemical compositions of ambient particles during a polluted event from 11th to 18th, November 2011. OCEC, METAL, EC, SECONDARY and K-Na types of particulates were the dominant groups observed in hazy day period, which were 27.

[Case-control study on volar and dorsal plate for the treatment of dorsal unstable distal radius fractures].

Objective: To investigate the internal fixation methods in the two different surgical approach to the unstable distal radius fractures.

Methods: From August 2006 to October 2010,47 patients with distal radius fractures were treated with open reduction and plate internal fixation. Among the patients, 21 patients were male and 26 patients were female,ranging in age from 39 to 73 years old.