Longitudinal changes in sleep and sleep-related symptoms among Korean adults between 2010 to 2022, including the COVID-19 pandemic period.

Background And Purpose: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has significantly impacted people's lifestyles, changing sleep patterns. This study investigated changes in sleep patterns and disturbances in South Koreans over the past decade, including during the pandemic.

Methods: We compared data from the Korean Sleep Headache Society Phase I survey (n = 2484; conducted in 2010) and the National Sleep Survey of South Korea 2022 (n = 3729; conducted in 2022), involving participants aged 20-69 years.

Association between grit and insomnia: A population-based study.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the association of the grit scale, a personality trait characterized by perseverance and passion, with both the presence and the severity of insomnia in the Korean adult population.

Methods: A nationwide population-based cross-sectional survey was conducted through face-to-face interviews using structured questionnaires between September and December 2018 in Korea. Grit was assessed by using the 8-item Short Grit Scale.

Effect of dynamic binaural beats on sleep quality: a proof-of-concept study with questionnaire and biosignals.

Binaural beat (BB) has been investigated as a potential modality to enhance sleep quality. In this study, we introduce a new form of BB, referred to as dynamic BB (DBB), which incorporates dynamically changing carrier frequency differences between the left and right ears. Specifically, the carrier frequency of the right ear varied between 100 and 103 Hz over a period, while the left ear remained fixed at 100 Hz, yielding a frequency difference range of 0 to 3 Hz.

Fatigue or excessive daytime sleepiness: which is more closely related to depression?

Objective/background: This study investigated fatigue and excessive daytime sleepiness to determine which was more closely related to depression in the general population.

Patients/methods: Participants were investigated across 15 South Korean districts. Excessive daytime sleepiness, fatigue, and depression were evaluated using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), respectively.

REM Sleep Behavior Disorder and Its Possible Prodromes in General Population: Prevalence, Polysomnography Findings, and Associated Factors.

Background And Objectives: To evaluate the prevalence of REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) and its possible prodromal conditions, isolated dream enactment behavior (DEB) and isolated REM without atonia (RWA), in a general population sample, and the factors associated with diagnosis and symptom frequency.

Methods: From a population-based prospective cohort in Korea, 1,075 participants (age 60.1 ± 7.

Longitudinal Trends in Sleep and Related Factors Among South Korean Adults From 2009 to 2018.

Background And Purpose: Excess or insufficient sleep, irregular sleep-wake patterns, and an extreme early or late chronotypes adversely impact physical and mental health. Changes in sleep characteristics should therefore be tracked, and factors that contribute to poor sleep should be identified. We investigated the changes in sleep patterns among South Korean adults during 2009-2018.

Deep learning-based automated detection and multiclass classification of focal interictal epileptiform discharges in scalp electroencephalograms.

Detection and spatial distribution analyses of interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) are important for diagnosing, classifying, and treating focal epilepsy. This study proposes deep learning-based models to detect focal IEDs in electroencephalography (EEG) recordings of the frontal, temporal, and occipital scalp regions. This study included 38 patients with frontal (n = 15), temporal (n = 13), and occipital (n = 10) IEDs and 232 controls without IEDs from a single tertiary center.

The association between social jetlag and depression is independent of sleep debt.

Objectives: To investigate whether the association between SJLsc (sleep-corrected social jetlag) and depressive mood is significant and independent of sleep debt.

Methods: Participants from the general adult population were interviewed using structured questionnaires on sleep duration, weekday/weekend sleep schedules, and depressive mood (Patient Health Questionnaire-9). Social jetlag (SJL) was measured by SJLsc and standard SJL (SJLs).

Sleep state of the elderly population in Korea: Nationwide cross-sectional population-based study.

Objective: Interest in sleep disorders among the elderly, especially those in Korea, has increased. We aimed to describe the overall sleep status of the elderly population in Korea using survey data and to determine the risk factors concerning different aspects of sleep status.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey on 271 respondents aged 65-86 years old.

Association between older subjective age and poor sleep quality: a population-based study.

Objective: To examine the association of subjective age (SA) with sleep quality in an adult population.

Methods: In the Korean Sleep and Headache Study, 2,349 participants (49.2% men; 48.

Automated deep neural network analysis of lateral cephalogram data can aid in detecting obstructive sleep apnea.

Study Objectives: Information on obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is often latently detected in diagnostic tests conducted for other purposes, providing opportunities for maximizing value. This study aimed to develop a convolutional neural network (CNN) to identify the risk of OSA using lateral cephalograms.

Methods: The lateral cephalograms of 5,648 individuals (mean age, 49.

Association of Obstructive Sleep Apnea With White Matter Integrity and Cognitive Performance Over a 4-Year Period in Middle to Late Adulthood.

Importance: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with cognitive impairment and brain structural alterations, but longitudinal outcomes are understudied.

Objective: To examine the associations of OSA with cognition and white matter (WM) integrity over a 4-year period.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This prospective cohort study was conducted in a community-based adult population among participants who had both baseline (2011-2014) and 4-year follow-up (2015-2018) polysomnography, diffusion tensor imaging, and cognitive assessment data.

Efficacy and safety of lemborexant over 12 months in Asian adults with insomnia disorder.

Study Objectives: Lemborexant (LEM) is a dual orexin receptor antagonist approved for treating adults with insomnia. We analyzed the efficacy (subjective sleep outcomes) and safety of LEM over 12 months in the subgroup of Asian subjects from Study E2006-G000-303 (Study 303).

Methods: Study 303 was a 12-month, randomized, placebo-controlled (first 6 months), double-blind, parallel-group, phase 3 study of adults with insomnia disorder.

Association Between Nap and Reported Cognitive Function and Role of Sleep Debt: A Population-Based Study.

Background And Purpose: The relationship between napping and cognition remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate the association between napping and cognition according to sleep debt in the Korean adult population.

Methods: A population-based nationwide cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2018.

Severity of Daytime Sleepiness and Parkinsonian-Like Symptoms in Korean Adults Aged 50-64 Years.

Background And Purpose: While excessive daytime sleepiness can predate Parkinson's disease in late-life, its association with parkinsonian-like (P-L) symptoms in middle age are unknown. Since neurodegeneration can appear decades before a diagnosis of Parkinson's disease, identifying clinical features associated with this early progression is important. The purpose of this study was to determine the association of daytime sleepiness with P-L symptoms in a population-based sample of middle-aged Korean adults.

Classifying migraine subtypes and their characteristics by latent class analysis using data of a nation-wide population-based study.

Migraine neither presents with a definitive single symptom nor has a distinct biomarker; thus, its diagnosis is based on combinations of typical symptoms. We aimed to identify natural subgroups of migraine based on symptoms listed in the diagnostic criteria of the third edition of the International Classification of Headache Disorders. Latent class analysis (LCA) was applied to the data of the Korean Sleep-Headache Study, a nationwide population-based survey.

Deep Learning-Based Assessment of Brain Connectivity Related to Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Daytime Sleepiness.

Purpose: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with altered pairwise connections between brain regions, which might explain cognitive impairment and daytime sleepiness. By adopting a deep learning method, we investigated brain connectivity related to the severity of OSA and daytime sleepiness.

Patients And Methods: A cross-sectional design applied a deep learning model on structural brain networks obtained from 553 subjects (age, 59.

Impact of Insomnia Symptoms on the Clinical Presentation of Depressive Symptoms: A Cross-Sectional Population Study.

Insomnia and depression are prevalent disorders that often co-occur. This study aimed to investigate the impact of clinically significant insomnia symptoms on the prevalence and clinical presentation of clinically significant depressive symptoms and vice versa. This study used data from the Korean Headache-Sleep Study (KHSS), a nationwide cross-sectional population-based survey regarding headache and sleep.

Fatigue is associated with depression independent of excessive daytime sleepiness in the general population.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate sleep problems and comorbid conditions associated with fatigue in the general population.

Methods: The data were obtained from a nationwide cross-sectional survey conducted in 2018. The Fatigue Severity Scale was used to assess fatigue.

Sleep Duration, Sleep Apnea, and Gray Matter Volume.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of sleep duration on brain structures in the presence versus absence of sleep apnea in middle-aged and older individuals. The study investigated a population-based sample of 2,560 individuals, aged 49-80 years. The presence of sleep apnea and self-reported sleep duration were examined in relation to gray matter volume (GMV) in total and lobar brain regions.

Prevalence and characteristics of cutaneous allodynia in probable migraine.

Cutaneous allodynia (CA) is a pain in response to non-nociceptive stimulation and a marker of central sensitisation. Probable migraine (PM) is a migraine subtype that fulfils all but one criterion of migraine. Headache intensity and the disability of individuals with PM are similar or lower than individuals with migraine.

Prevalence, Disability, and Management Patterns of Migraine in Korea: Nationwide Survey Data from 2009 and 2018.

Background And Purpose: Identifying changes in the prevalence, disability, and management patterns of migraine is important for reducing the burden of this disease. However, data on the changes in these variables are scarce.

Methods: We compared data obtained in the 2009 Korean Headache Survey and the 2018 Korean Sleep-Headache Survey.

Changes in Hepcidin Serum Levels Correlate with Clinical Improvement in Idiopathic Restless Legs Syndrome Patients.

Background: Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a common sensory motor neurological disorder that is related to iron-dopamine dysregulation and immune system alteration. We aimed to assess the effects of serum hepcidin, an iron-regulating hormone, in drug-naive RLS patients compared to healthy controls and to evaluate its role in helping to predict clinical improvement after treatment with dopamine agonist.

Methods: Nonanemic and drug-naive RLS patients ( = 18) and healthy controls ( = 15) were enrolled.

Multicomponent Analysis of Sleep Using Electrocortical, Respiratory, Autonomic and Hemodynamic Signals Reveals Distinct Features of Stable and Unstable NREM and REM Sleep.

A new concept of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep is proposed, that of multi-component integrative states that define stable and unstable sleep, respectively, NREM, NREM REM, and REM. Three complementary data sets are used: obstructive sleep apnea (20), healthy subjects (11), and high loop gain sleep apnea (50). We use polysomnography (PSG) with beat-to-beat blood pressure monitoring, and electrocardiogram (ECG)-derived cardiopulmonary coupling (CPC) analysis to demonstrate a bimodal, rather than graded, characteristic of NREM sleep.