The field study was undertaken to examine the potential for adverse effects of transgenic soybean expressing bioactive human epidermal growth factor (with tolerance to the herbicide glufosinate, PPT) on the abundance and diversity of plant-dwelling arthropods by comparing with those of a non-GM parental cultivar, Gwangan soybean. Field surveys of soybean fields were carried out over two consecutive years, 2016 and 2017 at Ochang and Jeonju, Korea. The number of captured individuals associated with either of EGF and Gwangan soybean plants increased in 2017 compared with 2016 in both Ochang and Jeonju.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFElucidation of the genomic organizations of transgene insertion sites is essential for the genetic studies of transgenic plants. Herein, we establish an analysis pipeline that identifies the transgene insertion sites as well as the presence of vector backbones, through de novo genome assembly with high-throughput sequencing data in two transgenic soybean lines, AtYUCCA6-#5 and 35S-UGT72E3/2-#7. Sequencing data of approximately 28× and 29× genome coverages for each line generated by high-throughput sequencing were de novo assembled.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe characterized the metabolites in grains of transgenic protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase-inhibiting herbicide-resistant rice and weedy accessions using GC-MS and examined whether the chemical composition of their hybrids differed from that of the parents. We found that the metabolite profiles of transgenic rice and weedy rice were clearly separated. Although the metabolite profiles of F progeny were partially separated from their parents, zygosity did not affect the profiles.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGene transfer from transgenic crops to their weedy relatives may introduce undesired ecological consequences that can increase the fitness and invasiveness of weedy populations. Here, we examined the rate of gene flow from abiotic stress-tolerant transgenic rice that over-express AtCYP78A7, a gene encoding cytochrome P450 protein, to six weedy rice accessions and compared the phenotypic performance and drought tolerance of their hybrids over generations. The rate of transgene flow from AtCYP78A7-overexpressing transgenic to weedy rice varied between 0% and 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSoybean transgenic plants with ectopically expressed were produced by -mediated transformation and investigated the effects of expression on drought and salt tolerance. Stable -mediated soybean transformation was carried based on the half-seed method (Paz et al. 2006).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Inherent characteristics and changes in the physiology of rice as it attains salt tolerance affect the colonizing bacterial endophytic communities of the rice seeds. These transmissible endophytes also serve as a source of the plant's microbial community and concurrently respond to the host and environmental conditions. This study explores the influence of the rice host as well as the impact of soil salinity on the community structure and diversity of seed bacterial endophytes of rice with varying tolerance to salt stress.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSalinization is one of the most important abiotic stressors in an ecosystem. To examine how exposing a host plant to excess salt affects the consequent performance and metabolism of insects in a food chain, we determined the life history traits and the metabolite profiles in rice (Oryza sativa), the herbivore Sitobion avenae, and its predator Harmonia axyridis. When compared with performance under normal (non-stressed) conditions, exposing plants to 50mM NaCl significantly delayed the timing of development for S.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBoth herbivores that consume transgenic crops and their predators can be exposed to insecticidal proteins expressed in those crops. We conducted a tritrophic bioassay to evaluate the ecotoxicological impacts that Bt cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) expressing Cry1Ac1 protein might have on the wolf spider (Pardosa astrigera), a non-target generalist predator.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTransgenic overexpression of the Arabidopsis gene for jasmonic acid carboxyl methyltransferase (AtJMT) is involved in regulating jasmonate-related plant responses. To examine its role in the compositional profile of soybean (Glycine max), we compared the seeds from field-grown plants that over-express AtJMT with those of the non-transgenic, wild-type (WT) counterpart. Our analysis of chemical compositions included proximates, amino acids, fatty acids, isoflavones, and antinutrients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAim: The objective of this paper was to explore how present-day filial piety is understood among Koreans in geographically different settings.
Methods: Data were collected from qualitative interviews with 61 Korean participants in Australia, New Zealand and Korea and then thematically analysed and evaluated.
Results: The findings from this study show that filial piety for Koreans consists of family care and support, along with respect for parents.
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) play major roles in ecosystem functioning such as carbon sequestration, nutrient cycling, and plant growth promotion. It is important to know how this ecologically important soil microbial player is affected by soil abiotic factors particularly heavy metal and metalloid (HMM). The objective of this study was to understand the impact of soil HMM concentration on AMF abundance and community structure in the contaminated sites of South Korea.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Drought induces a number of physiological and biochemical responses in cereals. This study was designed to examine the metabolite changes in grains of drought-tolerant transgenic rice (Oryza sativa L.) that overexpresses AtCYP78A7 encoding cytochrome P450 protein using proton nuclear magnetic resonance ((1)H-NMR) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: There needs to be an amendment to the Korean version of the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) with regards to the recent change in percent alcohol by volume (ABV) Korean liquor. This study was performed to suggest a cutoff value, reliability and validity of AUDIT-Korean revised version (AUDIT-KR), which reflect the change of the ABV of Korean alcohol.
Methods: The subjects were 435 peoples (210 males and 225 females), who visited the Chungnam National University Hospital for a comprehensive medical examination.
Comparing well-watered versus deficit conditions, we evaluated the chemical composition of grains harvested from wild-type (WT) and drought-tolerant, transgenic rice (Oryza sativa L.). The latter had been developed by inserting AtCYP78A7, which encodes a cytochrome P450 protein.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAustralas J Ageing
September 2013
Aim: The purpose of this paper is to explore the immigrant experiences of older Korean people and their intergenerational family relationships in the New Zealand context.
Methods: Data were collected from qualitative interviews with older people, community leaders and professionals in Christchurch and Auckland. Data analysis was conducted using concept mapping techniques in the cross-cultural context where two languages were simultaneously used.
Gene flow from genetically modified (GM) crops to non-GM cultivars or weedy relatives may lead to the development of more aggressive weeds. We quantified the amount of gene flow from herbicide-tolerant GM rice (Protox GM, derived from the cultivar Dongjin) to three cultivars (Dongjin, Aranghyangchal and Hwaseong) and a weedy rice line. Gene flow frequency generally decreased with increasing distance from the pollen donor.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe assessed the temporal dynamics of bacterial and fungal communities in a soil ecosystem supporting genetically modified (GM) rice (Oryza sativa L., ABC-TPSP; fusion of trehalose-6-phosphate synthase and phosphatase). Using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and real-time quantitative PCR, we compared bacterial and fungal communities in the soils underlying GM rice (ABC-TPSP), and its host cultivar (Nakdong) during growing seasons and non-growing seasons.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNarrow leaflet cultivars tend to have more seeds per pod than broad leaflet cultivars in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], which suggests that the leaflet-shape trait locus is tightly linked to or cosegregates with the trait locus controlling the number of seeds per pod (NSPP).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAfter forest fires on the east coast of Korea in 2000, some burnt areas were left untreated. Although 80% of the area was reasonably revegetated within 3 months, about 20% of the area was partially vegetated, mainly due to a low density of sprouters and poor growing conditions (eroded soil and steep slopes). Three years after the fires, the effect of soil conservation measures, such as mulching with wood chips, seeding with native plant species and log erosion barriers (LEBs), on runoff and soil erosion were examined using runoff plots.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA Japanese male patient received various medications for his long-standing rheumatoid arthritis (stage IV, class II). He developed a mass on the right anterior chest wall after being treated with methotrexate (MTX) for 4 months. A biopsy of the mass showed it to be Epstein Barr virus (EBV)-associated lymphoma of B-cell phenotype stage IE (bulky mass), with positive EBV-encoded small RNAs (EBERs) in situ hybridization, EBV latent membrane protein-1 (LMP-1) negative, EB nuclear antigen-2 (ERNA-2) negative, CD20/L26 (+), CD45RO/UCHL-1 (-).
View Article and Find Full Text PDF