Ventral subiculum control of avoidance behavior and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis reactivity via the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis in male and female mice - ISPNE 2024 Dirk Helhammer Award.

Avoidance or anxiety-like behavior is accompanied by corresponding changes in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activation. The underlying neural circuitry for this coordinated behavioral and neuroendocrine control is not well established. Prior studies pointed to a neural projection from the ventral subiculum (vSub) to the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) that can inhibit the HPA axis response to stress.

Copper(I)-Catalyzed Nitrile-Addition/-Arylation Ring-Closure Cascade: Synthesis of 5,11-Dihydro-6-indolo[3,2-]quinolin-6-ones as Potent Topoisomerase-I Inhibitors.

In this paper, we present a copper(I)-catalyzed nitrile-addition/-arylation ring-closure cascade for the synthesis of 5,11-dihydro-6-indolo[3,2-]quinolin-6-ones from 2-(2-bromophenyl)--(2-cyanophenyl)acetamides. Using CuBr and -BuONa in dimethylformamide (DMF) as the optimal reaction conditions, the cascade reaction gave the target products, in high yields, with a good substrate scope. Application of the cascade reaction was demonstrated on the concise total syntheses of alkaloid isocryptolepine.

A study of optimal handle shape and muscle strength distribution on lower arm when holding a foil.

The strength of five working muscle groups of the lower arms of 8 male fencers, including adductor pollicis, extensor carpi radialis, flexor carpi radialis, extensor carpi ulnaris, and flexor carpi ulnaris, were examined during competition. Root mean square values of muscular electromyographic signals indicated that the shape of foil handles significantly influenced distribution of working strength of each muscle group. Use of the Pistol-Viscounti type of foil handle showed better distribution of strength among the 5 muscle groups than did other types of foils.

Diphenylamino group as an effective handle to conjugated donor-acceptor polymers through electropolymerization.

[reaction: see text] The diphenylamino group is an effective handle for electropolymerization to give electron donor-acceptor conjugated polymers. In addition, interesting electrochromic and photoresponsive behavior of 13 has been investigated.

Efficient and convenient nonaqueous workup procedure for the preparation of arylboronic esters.

An efficient one-pot synthetic protocol for the synthesis of arylboronic esters has been established. The concentrated addition mixture of trimethylborate with aryl Grignard reagents was treated with low molecular weight diols (ethylene glycol, 1,3-propandiol) and toluene, the corresponding arylboronic esters were isolated in a convenient way with high yields. The diols not only serve as water replacement for the workup step, but also as well as the reagent for the preparation of arylboronic esters.