Iontophoresis-Enhanced Buccal Delivery of Cisplatin-Encapsulated Chitosan Nanoparticles for Treating Oral Cancer in a Mouse Model.

Introduction: Cisplatin is one of the most effective chemotherapeutic drugs used in oral cancer treatment, but systemic administration has side effects. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of iontophoresis on the enhancement of cisplatin release from cisplatin-encapsulated chitosan nanoparticles.

Methods: The effect of different mass ratios of chitosan to tripolyphosphate (TPP) (5:1, 10:1, 15:1, 20:1) on the encapsulation efficiency of cisplatin was investigated.

Covalent bonding of quaternary ammonium compounds and zwitterionic polymer functional layers on polydimethylsiloxane against adhesion.

Quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) are recognized by the World Health Organization as a useful disinfectant against microbes. The synergistic effect of zwitterionic polymers with QACs as antimicrobial agents rather than QACs alone is yet to be investigated. A potential strategy is the use of covalent bonding to halt the release of minute antibacterials and a hierarchy of functional layers to detain and annihilate microbes.

Suppressing Antibacterial Resistance: Chemical Binding of Monolayer Quaternary Ammonium Salts to Polymethyl Methacrylate in an Aqueous Solution and its Clinical Efficacy.

Antibacterial resistance (ABR) poses an enormous threat to human health. ABR mainly develops due to bacteria being constantly exposed to diluted levels of disinfectants. Here, we propose a method for suppressing ABR through the chemical binding of disinfectants to polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) device surfaces in solutions of 5%, 10%, and 20% disinfectant concentrations.

Prevention of enamel demineralization with a novel fluoride strip: enamel surface composition and depth profile.

There is no topically applicable low concentration fluoride delivery device available for caries prevention. This study was aimed to assess the use of a low concentration (1450 ppm) fluoride strip as an effective fluoride delivery system against enamel demineralization. The enamel surface composition and calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite or toothpaste treatments were investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.

Influence of calcium hydroxide dressing and acid etching on the push-out bond strengths of three luting resins to root canal dentin.

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the effects of calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) dressing in root canals and the effects of subsequent acid etching on the adhesion of luting resins to root canals.

Materials And Methods: Root specimens were prepared from extracted human permanent molars. Specimen canals were (1) filled with etch-and-rinse (Nexus® third generation (NX3)) and two self-adhesive (RelyX Unicem, Maxcem Elite) luting resins, respectively; (2) dressed with Ca(OH)2 before Ca(OH)2 removal and luting resin filling; (3) dressed with Ca(OH)2 before Ca(OH)2 removal and post-cementation; or (4) treated as described in item (2) except that the canals were further etched with phosphoric acid before luting resin filling.

Rational shape-controlled synthesis of rhombic copper-based mesostructures.

Solution synthesis of optoelectronic components has the advantages of processability, bandgap tuning, and large-scale manufacturing potential. The synthesis of monodispersed rhombs in solution, however, has rarely been reported, even though rhombs are promising for realizing unique optical functions in integrated optoelectronics. We present in this article our success in developing a facile chemical method that used two polyols to generate nearly monodispersed metal-organic rhombic platelets.

The roughness, microhardness, and surface analysis of nanocomposites after application of topical fluoride gels.

Objectives: Application of acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) gels has long been considered to cause deterioration of composite surfaces. The aims of this study were to demonstrate that nanocomposite surfaces were not affected by some APF gels and to investigate the possible underlying mechanisms.

Methods: The elemental composition and viscosity of 3 acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) agents (60 Second Taste Gel, Topex, and Zap) and 1 neutral fluoride agent (pH7 Gel) were analyzed.

Dewetting of copper nanolayers on silica in oxygen: towards preparation of copper meso/nanowires by self-organization.

The present study has examined the thermal behavior of copper on silicon oxide to clarify the diffusion of copper on dielectrics in an oxygen environment. Films of copper-deposited silicon oxide were prepared on silicon wafers and then annealed in oxygen. Self-organization of copper occurred to form line structures of multiple strips in a specific oxygen pressure range.

The protective effects of Hibiscus sabdariffa extract on CCl4-induced liver fibrosis in rats.

Dried flower Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (HSE) extracts, a local soft drink material and medicinal herb, were studied for their protective effects against liver fibrosis induced using carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4)) in rats. Male Wistar rats were administered CCl(4) by intraperitoneal injection for 7weeks and received a normal diet or normal diet with various HSE doses (1-5%) for 9weeks.

Hibiscus sabdariffa extract inhibits the development of atherosclerosis in cholesterol-fed rabbits.

Hibiscus sabdariffa L., a local soft drink material and medicinal herb, is usually used effectively in native medicines against hypertension, pyrexia, and liver disorders. Here, we report an extract, HSE (H.