Secondary hematological malignancies in patients with sarcoma: A single‑center retrospective study.

The present retrospective study investigated the clinical features and prognosis of secondary hematological malignancies (SHMs) in patients with sarcoma at Korea Cancer Center Hospital (Seoul, South Korea). Patients who had been diagnosed with SHMs after having received treatment for sarcoma between January 2000 and May 2023 were enrolled. Clinical data were collected from the patients' medical records.

Treatment outcomes of stereotactic body radiation therapy for primary and metastatic sarcoma of the spine.

Purpose: This study evaluated the treatment outcomes of spine stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in sarcoma patients.

Materials And Methods: A total of 44 sarcoma patients and 75 spinal lesions (6 primary tumors, 69 metastatic tumors) treated with SBRT were retrospectively reviewed between 2006 and 2017. The median radiation dose was 33 Gy (range, 18-45 Gy) in 3 fractions (range, 1-5) prescribed to the 75% isodose line.

Prediction of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Response in Osteosarcoma Using Convolutional Neural Network of Tumor Center F-FDG PET Images.

We compared the accuracy of prediction of the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in osteosarcoma patients between machine learning approaches of whole tumor utilizing fluorine-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG) uptake heterogeneity features and a convolutional neural network of the intratumor image region. In 105 patients with osteosarcoma, F-FDG positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) images were acquired before (baseline PET0) and after NAC (PET1). Patients were divided into responders and non-responders about neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Clinical outcomes of endoprosthetic reconstruction for proximal femoral resection.

Introduction: The proximal femur is a common site for primary sarcomas and metastatic lesions. Although the early results of tumor prostheses are promising, the long-term results of reconstruction are unknown. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the prognostic factors affecting prosthesis survival and complications after proximal femoral resection and reconstruction.

Preliminary Radiogenomic Evidence for the Prediction of Metastasis and Chemotherapy Response in Pediatric Patients with Osteosarcoma Using F-FDF PET/CT, and .

Chemotherapy response and metastasis prediction play important roles in the treatment of pediatric osteosarcoma, which is prone to metastasis and has a high mortality rate. This study aimed to estimate the prediction model using gene expression and image texture features. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (F-FDG PET/CT) images of 52 pediatric osteosarcoma patients were used to estimate the machine learning algorithm.

The Unfolded Protein Response: Neutron-Induced Therapy Autophagy as a Promising Treatment Option for Osteosarcoma.

Radiotherapy using high linear energy transfer (LET) radiation results in effectively killing tumor cells while minimizing dose (biological effective) to normal tissues to block toxicity. It is well known that high LET radiation leads to lower cell survival per absorbed dose than low LET radiation. High-linear energy transfer (LET) neutron treatment induces autophagy in tumor cells, but its precise mechanisms in osteosarcoma are unknown.

Correction: Oh, J.Y., et al. Synergistic Autophagy Effect of miR-212-3p in Zoledronic Acid-Treated In Vitro and Orthotopic In Vivo Models and in Patient-Derived Osteosarcoma Cells, 2019, , 1812.

The authors wish to make the following corrections to this paper [...

Early response monitoring of neoadjuvant chemotherapy using [F]FDG PET can predict the clinical outcome of extremity osteosarcoma.

Background: To propose a personalized therapeutic approach in osteosarcoma treatment, we assessed whether sequential [F]FDG PET/CT (PET/CT) could predict the outcome of patients with osteosarcoma of the extremities after one cycle and two cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Methods: A total of 73 patients with AJCC stage II extremity osteosarcoma treated with 2 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, surgery, and adjuvant chemotherapy were retrospectively analyzed in this study. All patients underwent PET/CT before (PET0), after 1 cycle (PET1), and after the completion of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (PET2), respectively.

Metastasis risk prediction model in osteosarcoma using metabolic imaging phenotypes: A multivariable radiomics model.

Background: Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary bone tumor affecting humans and it has extreme heterogeneity. Despite modern therapy, it recurs in approximately 30-40% of patients initially diagnosed with no metastatic disease, with the long-term survival rates of patients with recurrent OS being generally 20%. Thus, early prediction of metastases in OS management plans is crucial for better-adapted treatments and survival rates.

Synergistic Autophagy Effect of miR-212-3p in Zoledronic Acid-Treated In Vitro and Orthotopic In Vivo Models and in Patient-Derived Osteosarcoma Cells.

Osteosarcoma (OS) originates from osteoid bone tissues and is prone to metastasis, resulting in a high mortality rate. Although several treatments are available for OS, an effective cure does not exist for most patients with advanced OS. Zoledronic acid (ZOL) is a third-generation bisphosphonate that inhibits osteoclast-mediated bone resorption and has shown efficacy in treating bone metastases in patients with various types of solid tumors.

Prediction of Chemotherapy Response of Osteosarcoma Using Baseline F-FDG Textural Features Machine Learning Approaches with PCA.

Purpose: Patients with high-grade osteosarcoma undergo several chemotherapy cycles before surgical intervention. Response to chemotherapy, however, is affected by intratumor heterogeneity. In this study, we assessed the ability of a machine learning approach using baseline F-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG) positron emitted tomography (PET) textural features to predict response to chemotherapy in osteosarcoma patients.

Comparison of 99mTc-methyl diphosphonate bone scintigraphy and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography to predict histologic response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with osteosarcoma.

We compared the usefulness of Tc-methyl diphosphonate (Tc-MDP) bone scintigraphy and F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) for positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in predicting histologic response in patients with osteosarcoma receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC).We retrospectively reviewed 62 patients with high-grade osteosarcoma who had received 2 cycles of NAC and surgery. All patients underwent Tc-MDP bone scintigraphy and F-FDG PET/CT before and after NAC.

Comparison of Pasteurized Autograft-Prosthesis Composite Reconstruction and Resection Hip Arthroplasty for Periacetabular Tumors.

Background: Because of the high complication rate of anatomical reconstruction after periacetabular resection, the strategy of resection alone has been revisited. However, in terms of complications and functional outcome, whether resection hip arthroplasty (RHA) shows a superior result to that of pelvic ring reconstruction remains controversial.

Methods: We compared 24 RHAs and 16 pasteurized autograft-prosthesis composite (PPC) reconstructions regarding the complication rates, operative time, blood loss, and functional outcome.

Effect of low- and high-linear energy transfer radiation on in vitro and orthotopic in vivo models of osteosarcoma by activation of caspase-3 and -9.

Osteosarcoma (OS) is a malignant tumor of the bone derived from primitive transformed cells of the mesenchymal origin. Local low-linear energy transfer (LET) radiotherapy has limited benefits on OS owing to its radioresistance. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effects of high-LET radiation on human OS.

Pasteurized Autograft-Prosthesis Composite Reconstruction May Not Be a Viable Primary Procedure for Large Skeletal Defects after Resection of Sarcoma.

Background: Among various types of composite biological reconstruction, pasteurized autograft-prosthesis composite (PPC) is popular when allograft is unavailable. Previous limited cohort study indicated result comparable to tumor prosthesis. However, as case number and follow-up increase, we experienced more complications than anticipated.

Zoledronic acid is an effective radiosensitizer in the treatment of osteosarcoma.

To overcome radioresistance in the treatment of osteosarcoma, a primary malignant tumor of the bone, radiotherapy is generally combined with radiosensitizers. The purpose of this study was to investigate a third-generation bisphosphonate, zoledronic acid (ZOL), as a radiosensitizer for osteosarcoma. We found that exposure of KHOS/NP osteosarcoma cells to 20 μM ZOL decreased the γ-radiation dose needed to kill 90% of cells.

Comparison of fusion rate and clinical results between CaO-SiO-PO-BO bioactive glass ceramics spacer with titanium cages in posterior lumbar interbody fusion.

Background Context: The CaO-SiO-PO-BO glass ceramics spacer generates chemical bonding to adjacent bones with high mechanical stability to produce a union with the end plate, and ultimately stability.

Purpose: The authors aimed to compare the clinical efficacy and safety of CaO-SiO-PO-BO glass ceramics with a titanium cage that is widely used for posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) surgery in the clinical field.

Study Design/setting: This is a prospective, stratified randomized, multicenter, single-blinded, comparator-controlled non-inferiority trial.

Prognostic Value of SUVmax Measured by Pretreatment Fluorine-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography in Patients with Ewing Sarcoma.

Aim: The aim of this retrospective study was to determine whether glucose metabolism assessed by using Fluorine-18 (F-18) fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) provides prognostic information independent of established prognostic factors in patients with Ewing sarcoma.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 34 patients (men, 19; women, 15; mean age, 14.5 ± 9.

Temporary hemiarthroplasty with a synthetic device in children with osteosarcoma around the knee as a bridging procedure until skeletal maturity.

Background: We hypothesized that hemiarthroplasty with a synthetic device in skeletally immature patients with osteosarcoma around the knee would be functional due to high adaptability in the pediatric age group, and may decrease the number of surgeries until limb equalization by preserving the nearby physis.

Methods: We analyzed the outcomes of 25 hemiarthroplasties (12 distal femur, 13 proximal tibia). Average patient age was 11.

The Role of (18)F-FDG PET/CT as a Prognostic Factor in Patients with Synovial Sarcoma.

Purpose: This research aims to investigate the potential of (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG PET) to predict pathologic response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and overall survival (OS) of patients with synovial sarcoma in Korea.

Methods: Twenty patients with synovial sarcoma from January 2001 to December 2011 were reviewed retrospectively. All patients underwent pre-treatment FDG PET and tumor removal.

Clinical outcome of low-grade central osteosarcoma and role of CDK4 and MDM2 immunohistochemistry as a diagnostic adjunct.

Introduction: Low-grade osteosarcoma encompasses parosteal osteosarcoma (POS) and low-grade central osteosarcoma (LCOS), with LCOS more rare than POS. LCOS is also more likely to be misdiagnosed and inappropriately treated with an intralesional procedure, due to its misleading radiological features and the overlap of its pathological characteristics with those of benign bone tumors. Therefore, as a diagnostic adjunct for LCOS, immunohistochemical assay with murine double-minute type 2 (MDM2) and cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) have been tried with controversial results.

Prediction of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in osteosarcoma using dual-phase (18)F-FDG PET/CT.

Objectives: We evaluated the ability of dual-phase (18)F-FDG PET/CT to predict the histological response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in osteosarcoma.

Methods: Thirty-one patients with osteosarcoma treated with NAC and surgery were prospectively enrolled. After injection of (18)F-FDG, both early (~60 min) and delayed (~150 min) PET were acquired before and after the completion of NAC.

Usefulness of increased 18F-FDG uptake for detecting local recurrence in patients with extremity osteosarcoma treated with surgical resection and endoprosthetic replacement.

Objective: To investigate the changes of increased F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose ((18)F-FDG) uptake around the prosthesis and its ability to differentiate local recurrence from postsurgical change after endoprosthetic replacement in extremity osteosarcoma.

Materials And Methods: A total of 355 positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) scans in 109 extremity osteosarcoma patients were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were followed up with (18)F-FDG PET/CT for more than 3 years after tumor resection.