Chemical Comparison and Identification of Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitors of Dioscoreae Hypoglaucae Rhizoma and Dioscoreae Spongiosae Rhizoma by Chemometric Analysis and Spectrum-Effect Relationship.

Dioscoreae hypoglaucae Rhizoma (DH) and Dioscoreae spongiosae Rhizoma (DS) are two similar Chinese herbal medicines derived from the Dioscorea family. DH and DS have been used as medicines in China and other Asian countries for a long time, but study on their phytochemicals and bioactive composition is limited. This present study aimed to compare the chemical compositions of DH and DS, and explore the anti-xanthine oxidase components based on chemometric analysis and spectrum-effect relationship.

Identification and functional analysis of gene and the gene in the sexual development of sea cucumber, .

Members of the Doublesex and Mab-3-related transcription factor () gene family handle various vital functions in several biological processes, including sex determination/differentiation and gonad development. and ( in invertebrates) exhibit a very conserved interaction function during testis formation in vertebrates. However, the dynamic expression pattern and functional roles of the gene family and have not yet been identified in any echinoderm species.

Sexually dimorphic expression of foxl2 in the sea urchin (Mesocentrotus nudus).

Sea urchin (Mesocentrotus nudus) is an important economically mariculture species in several Asian countries, and gonads are the sole edible parts for people. In addition to commercial value, it is an excellent model for studying gonadal development, sex determination and sex differentiation. Identify sex-related genes is an effective way to reveal the molecular mechanism of gonadal development.

Chemical comparison and discrimination of two plant sources of Angelicae dahuricae Radix, Angelica dahurica and Angelica dahurica var. formosana, by HPLC-Q/TOF-MS and quantitative analysis of multiple components by a single marker.

Introduction: Angelica dahurica(BZ) and Angelica dahurica var. formosana(HBZ) are two plant sources of Angelicae dahuricae Radix. Although BZ and HBZ are commonly used herbal medicines with great medicinal and dietary values, study on their phytochemicals and bioactive compositions is limited.

Identification and functional analysis of foxl2 and nodal in sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus.

Sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus) is an important mariculture species in China. To date, the mechanisms of sex determination and differentiation in sea cucumber remain unclear. Identifying sex-specific molecular markers is an effective method for revealing the genetic basis of sex determination and sex differentiation.

[Dynamic changes of volatile components in Forsythia suspensa at different harvest periods based on GC-MS and chemometrics analysis].

Forsythiae Fructus is the dried fruit of Forsythia suspensa and the volatile compounds are its main bioactive components. According to the different harvest periods, F. suspensa can be divided into Qingqiao(mature F.

Application of SNP in Genetic Sex Identification and Effect of Estradiol on Gene Expression of Sex-Related Genes in .

Sea urchin () is an economically important mariculture species in Asia, and its gonads are the only edible part. The efficiency of genetic breeding in sea urchins is hampered due to the inability to distinguish gender by appearance. In this study, we first identified a sex-associated single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) by combining type IIB endonuclease restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (2b-RAD-seq) and genome survey.

Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents for the Extraction of Bioactive Steroidal Saponins from Dioscoreae Nipponicae Rhizoma.

In the present study, a simple and environmentally friendly extraction method based on natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) was established to extract four bioactive steroidal saponins from Dioscoreae Nipponicae Rhizoma (DNR). A total of twenty-one types of choline chloride, betaine, and L-proline based NADESs were tailored, and the NADES composed of 1:1 molar ratio of choline chloride and malonic acid showed the best extraction efficiency for the four steroidal saponins compared with other NADESs. Then, the extraction parameters for extraction of steroidal saponins by selected tailor-made NADES were optimized using response surface methodology and the optimal extraction conditions are extraction time, 23.

Identification and functional characterization of piwi1 gene in sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicas.

The sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus) is an economically important mariculture species in Asia. However, the genetic breeding of sea cucumbers is difficult because the sexes cannot be identified by appearance. Therefore, studies on sex-related genes are helpful in revealing the mechanisms of sex determination and differentiation in sea cucumbers.

[Dynamic changes of volatile components of Qiai from different harvest time based on GC-MS and chemometrics analysis].

Artemisiae Argyi Folium, the dried leaves of Artemisia argyi, has been widely used in traditional Chinese and folk medicines for a long time. Qiai is one of the top-geoherb of Artemisiae Argyi Folium. Qiai contains various bioactive constituents, such as volatile oils, phenolic acids, flavonoids and terpenoids.

Molecular Cloning and Sexually Dimorphic Expression Analysis of nanos2 in the Sea Urchin, Mesocentrotus nudus.

Sea urchin (Mesocentrotus nudus) is an economically important mariculture species in China and the gonads are the solely edible parts to human. The molecular mechanisms of gonad development have attracted increasing attention in recent years. Although the nanos2 gene has been identified as a germ cell marker in several invertebrates, little is known about nanos2 in adult sea urchins.

Gonadal transcriptomic analysis and identification of candidate sex-related genes in Mesocentrotus nudus.

The edible sea urchin, Mesocentrotus nudus, is both an economically important mariculture species and an excellent model for studying reproductive development. The gonads are the only edible parts of sea urchins and increasing market demand for high-quality gonads has prompted increasing amounts of research into the molecular mechanisms of reproduction. Using a high-throughput sequencing technology, we performed transcriptome sequencing on the gonads of females and males, sampled before the spawning season, to identify genes involved in sex determination, sex differentiation and gametogenesis.

Molecular characterization and expression of NLRP10 in the antibacterial host defense of the sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus).

The nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptors (NOD-like receptors, NLRs) can regulate the innate immune process and is an important part of inflammatory body. In this study, we use transcriptome sequencing and the rapid amplification of cDNA ends approach to identify a novel NLRP gene in Apostichopus japonicus. We designated the gene as AjNLRP10.

Establishment of lysozyme gene RNA interference systemand its involvement in salinity tolerance in sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus).

The lysozyme gene was silenced using RNA interference (RNAi) to analyze the function of lysozyme in sea cucumber under salt stress. The interfering efficiency of four lysozyme RNAi oligos ranged from 0.55 to 0.

The complete mitochondrial genome of Crosse, (Gastropoda: Buccinidae).

The complete mitochondrial (mt) genome of the Neptune whelk, , was determined using genome walking techniques in this study. The total length of the mt genome sequence of was 15 256 bp, including 13 protein-coding genes, 21 transfer RNA genes and 2 ribosomal RNA genes. The overall composition of the mitogenome was estimated to be 30.

[Bacterial diversity in the mantle of Patinopecten yessoensis revealed by 454 pyrosequencing].

Pyrosequencing-technique was used to analyze and compare bacterial diversity in the mantle of healthy and incised symptoms of Patinopecten yessoensis, respectively. For the two samples; 20872 and 16333 effective sequences were selected and utilized to perform bacterial diversity analysis, respectively. Bacterial diversity and richness in the incised samples were higher than that in the healthy samples.

Expression of c-type lysozyme gene in sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus) is highly regulated and time dependent after salt stress.

Lysozymes have been confirmed to possess varieties of functions in a range of organisms. In the present study, we cloned and sequenced c-type lysozyme cDNAs, constructed the recombinant protein over-expression of c-type lysozyme and analyzed the expression of transcription level in various tissues. The c-type lysozyme cDNA contained an open reading frame of 759 bp encoding a polypeptide of 252 amino acids.

Effect of intestinal autochthonous probiotics isolated from the gut of sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus) on immune response and growth of A. japonicus.

The study isolated 224 bacteria from the intestine of Apostichopus japonicus, then selected and identified three of the bacteria (HS1, HS7, and HS10) which demonstrated amylase, lipase, and protease production capacity as candidate probiotics for sea cucumbers. The three potential probiotics showed no pathogenicity both in hemolytic assays on sheep blood agar plates and after immersing sea cucumbers in a suspension of the bacteria. To reveal the effects of these three potential probiotics on the innate immunity of sea cucumbers, total coelomocyte counts, respiratory burst activity, superoxide dismutase activity, lysozyme activity, acid phosphatase activity, and phagocytic activity by coelomocytes were examined after feeding with four different diets for up to 28 days.

Effects of dietary supplementation of probiotic Shewanella colwelliana WA64, Shewanella olleyana WA65 on the innate immunity and disease resistance of abalone, Haliotis discus hannai Ino.

The effects of dietary administration of two probiotics, Shewanella colwelliana WA64 and Shewanella olleyana WA65, on the innate immunity of abalone (Haliotis discus hannai Ino), and survival of juvenile abalone challenged with Vibrio harveyi have been studied. Two groups of abalone were fed with three different diets: one control, and two diets supplemented with 10(9) cell g(-1) of probiotic WA64 (WA64 diet) and WA65 (WA65 diet) for up to four weeks. Results showed that abalone fed diets containing S.