2024 multidisciplinary consensus on image-guided lung tumor ablation from the Taiwan Academy of Tumor Ablation.

In this article, the multidisciplinary team of the Taiwan Academy of Tumor Ablation, who have expertise in treating lung cancer, present their perspectives on percutaneous image-guided thermal ablation (IGTA) of lung tumors. The modified Delphi technique was applied to reach a consensus on clinical practice guidelines concerning ablation procedures, including a comprehensive literature review, selection of panelists, creation of a rating form and survey, and arrangement of an in-person meeting where panelists agreed or disagreed on various points. The conclusion was a final rating and written summary of the agreement.

Vesicular translocation of PARP-1 to cytoplasm causes ADP-ribosylation and disassembly of vimentin filaments during microglia activation induced by LPS.

ADP-ribosylation plays a significant role in various biological processes including genomic stability maintenance, transcriptional regulation, energy metabolism, and cell death. Using macrodomain pull-down assay with microglia lysates and MALDI-TOF-MS analysis, we identified vimentin as a major protein highly ADP-ribosylated by the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases-1 (PARP-1) in response to LPS. ABT-888, a potent inhibitor of PARP-1/2 blocks the disassembly and ADP-ribosylation of vimentin.

Multicenter Prospective Study of Biomarkers for Diagnosis of Invasive Candidiasis in Children and Adolescents.

Background: Diagnosis of invasive candidiasis (IC) relies on insensitive cultures; the relative utility of fungal biomarkers in children is unclear.

Methods: This multinational observational cohort study enrolled patients aged >120 days and <18 years with concern for IC from 1 January 2015 to 26 September 2019 at 25 centers. Blood collected at onset of symptoms was tested using T2Candida, Fungitell (1→3)-β-D-glucan, Platelia Candida Antigen (Ag) Plus, and Platelia Candida Antibody (Ab) Plus assays.

Minocycline alleviates depression-like symptoms by rescuing decrease in neurogenesis in dorsal hippocampus via blocking microglia activation/phagocytosis.

Clinical studies examining the potential of anti-inflammatory agents, specifically of minocycline, as a treatment for depression has shown promising results. However, mechanistic insights into the neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory actions of minocycline need to be provided. We evaluated the effect of minocycline on chronic mild stress (CMS) induced depressive-like behavior, and behavioral assays revealed minocycline ameliorate depressive behaviors.

Mefenamic acid can attenuate depressive symptoms by suppressing microglia activation induced upon chronic stress.

Background: Depression is the most debilitating neuropsychiatric disorder, and psychosocial stressors are major risk factors for the onset of depression. Depression is closely associated with chronic inflammation and microglia are the principal mediators of inflammation in the central nervous system (CNS). Mefenamic acid (MA) and celecoxib are nonselective and selective inhibitors of cyclooxygenase (COX), respectively.

The Third Asian Radiology Forum: Screening Programs in Asia.

According to reports presented at the Asian Radiology Forum 2017 in Taipei, the landscape of screening in Asia is growing, and the role of radiologists is also evolving. The Asian Radiology Forum was first held by the Korean Society of Radiology and the national delegates of Asian radiological partner societies, who attended this meeting with the aim of discussing selected subjects of global relevance in radiology. In 2017, current trends and policies concerning various cancer screening programs from each delegate country were discussed.

Quantum state control on the chemical reactivity of a transition metal vanadium cation in carbon dioxide activation.

By combining a newly developed two-color laser pulsed field ionization-photoion (PFI-PI) source and a double-quadrupole-double-octopole (DQDO) mass spectrometer, we investigated the integral cross sections (σs) of the vanadium cation (V+) toward the activation of CO2 in the center-of-mass kinetic energy (Ecm) range from 0.1 to 10.0 eV.

Quantum Spin-Orbit Electronic State Selection of Atomic Transition Metal Vanadium Cation for Chemical Reactivity Studies.

By combining a pulsed laser ablation vanadium atom (V) beam source with the two-color laser sequential electric field pulse scheme for pulse field ionization-photoion (PFI-PI) detection, we have developed a quantum spin-orbit state selected transition metal ion source for ion-molecule reaction studies. As a demonstration, we show that the V ion can be prepared in the single spin-orbit levels of its three lowest quantum electronic states, V[aD ( J = 0-4), aF ( J = 1-5), and aF ( J = 2-4)], achieving laboratory kinetic energy ( E) resolutions of ≤0.2 eV.

Branching Ratios of the N(D) and N(D) Spin-Orbit States Produced in the State-Selected Photodissociation of N Determined Using Time-Sliced Velocity-Mapped-Imaging Photoionization Mass Spectrometry (TS-VMI-PI-MS).

Branching ratios for N(D) and N(D) produced by predissociation of state selected excited nitrogen molecules in the vacuum ultraviolet region have been measured for the first time. The quantum numbers of the excited nitrogen molecule are defined by selective excitation of the nitrogen molecule in the Franck-Condon region from the ground electronic, Σ, vibrational, v″, and rotational, J″ state to an excited E', v', J' state with a tunable vacuum ultraviolet, VUV, laser. The neutral atoms produced by predissociation from this excited state are then selectively ionized with a second tunable VUV laser.

Differential Regulation of Adhesion and Phagocytosis of Resting and Activated Microglia by Dopamine.

Microglia, the immune competent cells of the central nervous system (CNS), normally exist in a resting state characterized by a ramified morphology with many processes, and become activated to amoeboid morphology in response to brain injury, infection, and a variety of neuroinflammatory stimuli. Many studies focused on how neurotransmitters affect microglia activation in pathophysiological circumstances. In this study, we tried to gain mechanistic insights on how dopamine (DA) released from neurons modulates cellular functions of resting and activated microglia.

Quantum-State-Selected Integral Cross Sections and Branching Ratios for the Ion-Molecule Reaction of N(XΣ: ν = 0-2) + CH in the Collision Energy Range of 0.05-10.00 eV.

By implementing a vacuum ultraviolet laser-pulsed field ionization-photoion ion source with a double quadrupole-double octopole ion guide mass filter, we have obtained detailed quantum-vibrational-state-selected integral cross sections σ, ν = 0-2, for the ion-molecule reaction of N(XΣ: ν = 0-2) + CH in the center-of-mass kinetic energy range of E = 0.05-10.00 eV.

Bisphenol A (BPA) the mighty and the mutagenic.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is one of the most widely used synthetic compounds on the planet. Upon entering the diet, its highest concentration (1-104 ng/g of tissue) has been recorded in the placenta and fetus. This accumulation of BPA can have many health hazards ranging from the easy to repair single strand DNA breaks (SSBs) to error prone double strand DNA breaks (DSBs).

Signaling Pathways Controlling Microglia Chemotaxis.

Microglia are the primary resident immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS). They are the first line of defense of the brain's innate immune response against infection, injury, and diseases. Microglia respond to extracellular signals and engulf unwanted neuronal debris by phagocytosis, thereby maintaining normal cellular homeostasis in the CNS.

Isotopic and quantum-rovibrational-state effects for the ion-molecule reaction in the collision energy range of 0.03-10.00 eV.

We report detailed quantum-rovibrational-state-selected integral cross sections for the formation of HOvia H-transfer (σ) and HDOvia D-transfer (σ) from the reaction in the center-of-mass collision energy (E) range of 0.03-10.00 eV, where (vvv) = (000), (100), and (020) and .

Regulation of Integrin α6 Recycling by Calcium-independent Phospholipase A2 (iPLA2) to Promote Microglia Chemotaxis on Laminin.

Microglia are the immune effector cells that are activated in response to pathological changes in the central nervous system. Microglial activation is accompanied by the alteration of integrin expression on the microglia surface. However, changes of integrin expression upon chemoattractant (ADP) stimulation still remain unknown.

State-to-state vacuum ultraviolet photodissociation study of CO2 on the formation of state-correlated CO(X(1)Σ(+); v) with O((1)D) and O((1)S) photoproducts at 11.95-12.22 eV.

The state-to-state photodissociation of CO2 is investigated in the VUV range of 11.94-12.20 eV by using two independently tunable vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) lasers and the time-sliced velocity-map-imaging-photoion (VMI-PI) method.

Rotationally resolved state-to-state photoionization and the photoelectron study of vanadium monocarbide and its cations (VC/VC(+)).

By employing two-color visible (VIS)-ultraviolet (UV) laser photoionization and pulsed field ionization-photoelectron (PFI-PE) techniques, we have obtained highly rotationally resolved photoelectron spectra for vanadium monocarbide cations (VC(+)). The state-to-state VIS-UV-PFI-PE spectra thus obtained allow unambiguous assignments for the photoionization rotational transitions, resulting in a highly precise value for the adiabatic ionization energy (IE) of vanadium monocarbide (VC), IE(VC) = 57512.0 ± 0.

Photochemistry. Evidence for direct molecular oxygen production in CO₂ photodissociation.

Photodissociation of carbon dioxide (CO2) has long been assumed to proceed exclusively to carbon monoxide (CO) and oxygen atom (O) primary products. However, recent theoretical calculations suggested that an exit channel to produce C + O2 should also be energetically accessible. Here we report the direct experimental evidence for the C + O2 channel in CO2 photodissociation near the energetic threshold of the C((3)P) + O2(X(3)Σ(g)(-)) channel with a yield of 5 ± 2% using vacuum ultraviolet laser pump-probe spectroscopy and velocity-map imaging detection of the C((3)PJ) product between 101.

Communication: direct measurements of nascent O((3)P0,1,2) fine-structure distributions and branching ratios of correlated spin-orbit resolved product channels CO(ã(3)Π; v) + O((3)P0,1,2) and CO(X̃(1)Σ(+); v) + O((3)P0,1,2) in VUV photodissociation of CO2.

We present a generally applicable experimental method for the direct measurement of nascent spin-orbit state distributions of atomic photofragments based on the detection of vacuum ultraviolet (VUV)-excited autoionizing-Rydberg (VUV-EAR) states. The incorporation of this VUV-EAR method in the application of the newly established VUV-VUV laser velocity-map-imaging-photoion (VMI-PI) apparatus has made possible the branching ratio measurement for correlated spin-orbit state resolved product channels, CO(ã(3)Π; v) + O((3)P0,1,2) and CO(X̃(1)Σ(+); v) + O((3)P0,1,2), formed by VUV photoexcitation of CO2 to the 4s(10 (1)) Rydberg state at 97,955.7 cm(-1).

Pro32Pro33 mutations in the integrin β3 PSI domain result in αIIbβ3 priming and enhanced adhesion: reversal of the hypercoagulability phenotype by the Src inhibitor SKI-606.

The plasma-membrane integrin αIIbβ3 (CD41/CD61, GPIIbIIIa) is a major functional receptor in platelets during clotting. A common isoform of integrin β3, Leu33Pro is associated with enhanced platelet function and increased risk for coronary thrombosis and stroke, although these findings remain controversial. To better understand the molecular mechanisms by which this sequence variation modifies platelet function, we produced transgenic knockin mice expressing a Pro32Pro33 integrin β3.

Photodissociation of CO2 between 13.540 eV and 13.678 eV.

Photodissociation of CO2 is investigated between 13.540 eV and 13.678 eV using the time-sliced velocity-mapped ion imaging (TSVMI) apparatus that is combined with one-color and two-color pump-probe VUV + VUV and VUV + UV detection schemes by probing oxygen fragments at different levels.

The translational, rotational, and vibrational energy effects on the chemical reactivity of water cation H2O+(X 2B1) in the collision with deuterium molecule D2.

By employing the newly established vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) laser pulsed field ionization-photoion (PFI-PI) double quadrupole-double octopole ion guide apparatus, we have examined the translational, rotational, and vibrational energy effects on the chemical reactivity of water cation H2O(+)(X(2)B1) in the collision with deuterium molecule D2. The application of a novel electric-field pulsing scheme to the VUV laser PFI-PI ion source has enabled the preparation of a rovibrationally selected H2O(+)(X(2)B1; v1 (+)v2 (+)v3 (+); N(+) K a+Kc+) ion beam with not only high internal-state selectivity and high intensity but also high translational energy resolution. Despite the unfavorable Franck-Condon factors, we are able to prepare the excited vibrational states (v1 (+)v2 (+)v3 (+))=(100) and (020) along with the (000) ground vibrational state, for collisional studies, where v1 (+), v2 (+), and v3 (+) represent the symmetric stretching, bending, and asymmetric stretching modes of H2O(+)(X(2)B1).

An attenuating role of a WASP-related protein, WASP-B, in the regulation of F-actin polymerization and pseudopod formation via the regulation of RacC during Dictyostelium chemotaxis.

The WASP family of proteins has emerged as important regulators that connect multiple signaling pathways to regulate the actin cytoskeleton. Dictyostelium cells express WASP, as well as a WASP related protein, WASP-B, endoded by wasB gene. WASP-B contains many of the domains present in WASP.

Rovibronically selected and resolved two-color laser photoionization and photoelectron study of titanium monoxide cation.

Two-color visible-ultraviolet (VIS-UV) resonance-enhanced laser photoionization and pulsed field ionization-photoelectron (PFI-PE) study of gaseous titanium monoxide (TiO) in the total energy range of 55,000-57,320 cm(-1) has been conducted. The TiO molecules were selectively excited to single J' rotational levels of the intermediate TiO*(B(3)Π1, ν' = 0) state by using a VIS dye laser and then ionized by using another UV laser. This two-color photoexcitation method has allowed the measurement of cleanly J(+)-resolved PFI-PE spectra for the TiO(+)(X (2)Δ(5/2,3/2); v(+) = 0, 1, and 2) vibrational bands.

Basophile: accurate fragment charge state prediction improves peptide identification rates.

In shotgun proteomics, database search algorithms rely on fragmentation models to predict fragment ions that should be observed for a given peptide sequence. The most widely used strategy (Naive model) is oversimplified, cleaving all peptide bonds with equal probability to produce fragments of all charges below that of the precursor ion. More accurate models, based on fragmentation simulation, are too computationally intensive for on-the-fly use in database search algorithms.