[Trend in dietary vitamin C intake among Chinese children and adolescents between 1991 and 2009].

Objective: To examine status and trend in dietary vitamin C intake between 1991 and 2009 in Chinese children and adolescents aged 6 to 17 years.

Methods: A stratified multistage, random cluster sampling process was used to investigate 2716, 2691, 2507, 2358, 1490, 1218 and 1073 children and adolescents aged 6 - 17 years in 1991, 1993, 1997, 2000, 2004, 2006 and 2009 respectively in 9 provinces. Their consecutive 3 d 24 h dietary recall data were analyzed to compare vitamin C intake in children and adolescents with different characteristics and different years.

[Trend of energy intake among Chinese children and adolescents in nine provinces from 1989 to 2009].

Objective: To examine the trends of energy intake among Chinese children and adolescents in nine provinces from 1989 to 2009.

Method: Stratified multi-stage cluster sampling method was used to recruit 488, 2807, 2802, 2580, 2520, 1604, 1305 and 1159 children and adolescents aged 6 - 17 years in each year of 1989, 1991, 1993, 1997, 2000, 2004, 2006 and 2009 in 9 provinces. The descriptive analyses were carried out for three days 24-h dietary recall data to compare energy intake by year and demographic characteristics.

A case of ascending colon variceal bleeding treated with venous coil embolization.

A 38-year-old female with a history of alcoholic liver cirrhosis visited our hospital with a massive hematochezia. An esophagogastroduodenoscopy did not demonstrate any bleeding source, and a colonoscopy showed a massive hemorrhage in the ascending colon but without an obvious focus. The source of the bleeding could not be found with a mesenteric artery angiography.

Progesterone-induced neuroprotection: factors that may predict therapeutic efficacy.

Both progesterone and estradiol have well-described neuroprotective effects against numerous insults in a variety of cell culture models, animal models and in humans. However, the efficacy of these hormones may depend on a variety of factors, including the type of hormone used (ex. progesterone versus medroxyprogesterone acetate), the duration of the postmenopausal period prior to initiating the hormone intervention, and potentially, the age of the subject.

[Current status and trends of both dietary fat and cholesterol intake among Chinese children and adolescents aged 7 to 17 years old in 9 provinces of China, from 1991 to 2009].

Objective: To study the current status and trends of fat and cholesterol intake among Chinese children and adolescents in 9 provinces from 1991 to 2009, so as to provide evidence on dietary guidance.

Methods: Data was collected in 1991, 1993, 1997, 2000, 2004, 2006 and 2009 from the China Health and Nutrition Survey. Sample would include 7 - 17 years old healthy children and adolescents with a complete 3-day 24-hour-dietary data.

[Trend in dietary calcium intake among Chinese elderly aged 50 years and over in nine provinces, from 1991 to 2009].

Objective: To understand the daily calcium intake and the dietary sources, as well as its trends from 1991 to 2009 in Chinese elderly aged 50 years and over.

Methods: Consecutive 3 d-24 hr Dietary Recall Data from the seven waves of the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) was used to describe the status and trends of daily calcium intake and its food sources.

Results: Between 1991 and 2009, the daily intake of calcium in the Chinese elderly showed an increasing trend.

Cytotoxic quassinoids from Ailanthus altissima.

Two new quassinoids, altissinol A (1) and B (7), together with 12 known quassinoids, were isolated from the 95% ethanol extract of the barks of Ailanthus altissima. The structures of the new compounds (1 and 7) were determined on the basis of the spectroscopic methods including UV, IR, HR-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR. The cytotoxic potential of all isolates were evaluated in vitro against three human hepatoma cell lines.

Sequential treatment with bortezomib plus dexamethasone followed by autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with multiple myeloma.

Background: Whether the sequential treatment with bortezomib plus dexamethasone (BD) followed by autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) could extend the overall survival period in multiple myeloma patients is still not clear. Few large case studies about this therapeutics in multiple myeloma were reported in China. Our purpose was to assess the efficacy and adverse effects of sequential treatment with BD chemotherapy and ASCT in patients with multiple myeloma.

[Feeding status of children under 2 years old in poor rural areas of western China in 2009].

Objective: To analyze feeding status of children under 2 years old in the poor rural areas of western China in 2009.

Methods: The study subjects were 2933 from the program of 'Study on appropriate technology of children under-nutrition improvement in poor rural areas'.

Results: In 2009, the rate of almost exclusive breast-feeding of children under 6 months in poor rural areas of western China was 38.

Does quantifying epicardial and intrathoracic fat with noncontrast computed tomography improve risk stratification beyond calcium scoring alone?

Background: Noncontrast cardiac computed tomography allows calculation of coronary artery calcium score (CACS) and measurement of epicardial adipose tissue (EATv) and intrathoracic fat (ITFv) volumes. It is unclear whether fat volume information contributes to risk stratification.

Methods And Results: Cardiac computed tomography was performed in 760 consecutive patients with acute chest pain admitted thorough the emergency department.

Reduced TOR signaling sustains hyphal development in Candida albicans by lowering Hog1 basal activity.

Candida albicans is able to undergo reversible morphological changes between yeast and hyphal forms in response to environmental cues. This morphological plasticity is essential for its pathogenesis. Hyphal development requires two temporally linked changes in promoter chromatin, which is sequentially regulated by temporarily clearing the transcription inhibitor Nrg1 upon activation of cAMP/protein kinase A and promoter recruitment of the histone deacetylase Hda1 under reduced target of rapamycin (Tor1) signaling.

[Trends in dietary protein intake among Chinese children and adolescent between 1991 and 2009].

Objective: To examine dietary protein intake and its trend between 1991 and 2009 among Chinese children and adolescents aged 6 to 17 years.

Methods: Consecutive 3 d-24 hr Dietary Recall and household income data of 14 053 children from the seven waves of the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS), 1991, 1993, 1997, 2000, 2004, 2006 and 2009 were used to describe long-term changes in dietary protein intake, percentage energy, and food sources.

Results: The median of dietary protein intake of Chinese children and adolescents decreased from 60.

Serum pepsinogens, gastrin-17 and Helicobacter pylori antibody in the residents of two cities in china with distinct mortality rates of gastric cancer.

Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors causing death in Fujian Province, China. However, the mortality of gastric cancer is greatly varied in different areas in Fujian; for example, the mortality in Changle City is 7.4 times higher than that in Fuan City.

A multifunctional in situ-forming hydrogel for wound healing.

In this study, a multifunctional in situ-forming hydrogel (MISG) was prepared as a wound dressing designed to stop bleeding, inhibit inflammation, relieve pain, and improve healing. A mixture of poloxamers 407 and 188 was used for the matrix of the MISG. Other ingredients include aminocaproic acid (to stop bleeding), povidone iodine (anti-infective), lidocaine (pain relief), and chitosan (to enhance wound healing and regeneration).

[Intergenerational differences on the nutritional status and lifestyle of Chinese residents].

Objective: To study the diversities on nutritional status and lifestyle of adult Chinese residents born in different years.

Method: The data of healthy adult residents born in the 1960s and 1980s were selected from the CHNS 1993 and 2009. Information on physical examination, nutrient intake and lifestyle factors were used as indicators to evaluate the nutritional status of residents; data was analyzed by SAS and STATA software.

[Trend on vitamin C intake among Chinese population aged 50 - 79 years in 9 provinces, from 1991 to 2009].

Objective: To analyze the trend of dietary vitamin C intake and its food sources among Chinese population aged 50-79 years old in 9 provinces, from 1991 to 2009.

Methods: Data on twenty-four-hour dietary recall from China Health and Nutrition Survey (1991, 1993, 1997, 2000, 2004, 2006 and 2009) was used to identify the trends in vitamin C intake among Chinese population aged 50-79 years old.

Results: Totally, 24,321 adults were assessed among 7 round surveys, including 11,739 males (48.

Cell Models for the Study of Sex Steroid Hormone Neurobiology.

To date many aspects of neurons and glia biology remain elusive, due in part to the cellular and molecular complexity of the brain. In recent decades, cell models from different brain areas have been established and proven invaluable toward understanding this complexity. In the field of steroid hormone neurobiology, an important question is: what is the profile of steroid hormone receptor expression in these specific cell lines? Currently, a clear summary of such receptor profiling is lacking.

Progesterone increases the release of brain-derived neurotrophic factor from glia via progesterone receptor membrane component 1 (Pgrmc1)-dependent ERK5 signaling.

Progesterone (P4) is cytoprotective in various experimental models, but our understanding of the mechanisms involved is still incomplete. Our laboratory has implicated brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling as an important mediator of P4's protective actions. We have shown that P4 increases the expression of BDNF, an effect mediated by the classical P4 receptor (PR), and that the protective effects of P4 were abolished using inhibitors of Trk receptor signaling.

Progesterone and neuroprotection.

Numerous studies aimed at identifying the role of estrogen on the brain have used the ovariectomized rodent as the experimental model. And while estrogen intervention in these animals has, at least partially, restored cholinergic, neurotrophin and cognitive deficits seen in the ovariectomized animal, it is worth considering that the removal of the ovaries results in the loss of not only circulating estrogen but of circulating progesterone as well. As such, the various deficits associated with ovariectomy may be attributed to the loss of progesterone as well.

A GATA transcription factor recruits Hda1 in response to reduced Tor1 signaling to establish a hyphal chromatin state in Candida albicans.

Candida albicans is an important opportunistic fungal pathogen of immunocompromised individuals. One critical virulence attribute is its morphogenetic plasticity. Hyphal development requires two temporally linked changes in promoter chromatin, which is sequentially regulated by temporarily clearing the transcription inhibitor Nrg1 upon activation of the cAMP/PKA pathway and promoter recruitment of the histone deacetylase Hda1 under reduced Tor1 signaling.

Self-assembled drug delivery systems. Part 6: in vitro/in vivo studies of anticancer N-octadecanoyl gemcitabine nanoassemblies.

The nanoassemblies were prepared from N-octadecanoyl gemcitabine (NOG)/cholesteryl succinyl poly(ethylene glycol) 1500 (CHS-PEG(1500)) (5:1, mol/mol). They showed higher cytotoxicity than gemcitabine on HpG2 cell model. The amphiphilicity of NOG may improve permeation of prodrugs and destruction of cell membrane.

PIWIL4 regulates cervical cancer cell line growth and is involved in down-regulating the expression of p14ARF and p53.

Recently, PIWIL4 has been identified as a functional protein involved in tumorigenesis. Cervical cancer is the second most prevalent form of cancer worldwide. The relationship between PIWIL4 and cervical cancer is still unknown.