Circadian Rhythms and Depression in Adolescents: A Comparative Analysis of First Episode and Recurrent-Episode Groups.

Circadian rhythm disruptions are a hallmark feature of mood disorders. Patients experiencing acute depressive episodes report noticeable changes in their sleep-wake cycles. This research explains the association between depression and various circadian rhythm metrics, explicitly focusing on adolescents diagnosed with depressive disorders.

Performance Assessment of the Mortality in Emergency Department Sepsis Score, Modified Early Warning Score, Rapid Emergency Medicine Score, and Rapid Acute Physiology Score in Predicting Survival Outcomes of Adult Renal Abscess Patients in the Emergency Department.

Background: Renal abscess is a relatively uncommon yet debilitating and potentially fatal disease. There is no clearly defined, objective risk stratification tool available for emergency physicians' and surgeons' use in the emergency department (ED) to quickly determine the appropriate management strategy for these patients, despite early intervention having a beneficial impact on survival outcomes.

Objective: This case control study evaluates the performance of Mortality in Emergency Department Sepsis Score (MEDS), Modified Early Warning Score (MEWS), Rapid Emergency Medicine Score (REMS), and Rapid Acute Physiology Score (RAPS) in predicting risk of mortality in ED adult patients with renal abscess.

The Sewol Ferry Disaster: Experiences of a Community-Based Hospital in Ansan City.

The Sewol ferry disaster is one of the most tragic events in Korea's modern history. Among the 476 people on board, which included Danwon High School students (324) and teachers (14), 304 passengers died in the disaster (295 recovered corpses and 9 missing) and 172 survived. Of the rescued survivors, 72 were attending Danwon High School, located in Ansan City, and residing in a residence nearby.

Common MCL1 polymorphisms associated with risk of tuberculosis.

MCL1 expression has been found to be up-regulated during infection with virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We investigated the genetic polymorphisms in MCL1 as potential candidate gene for a host genetic study of clinical TB infection. We have sequenced exons and their boundaries of MCL1, including the 1.

BcSNPdb: bovine coding region single nucleotide polymorphisms located proximal to quantitative trait loci.

Bovine coding region single nucleotide polymorphisms located proximal to quantitative trait loci were identified to facilitate bovine QTL fine mapping research. A total of 692,763 bovine SNPs was extracted from 39,432 UniGene clusters, and 53,446 candidate SNPs were found to be a depth >3. In order to validate the in silico SNPs experimentally, 186 animals representing 14 breeds and 100 mixed breeds were analyzed.

Development of a Korean version of the Female Sexual Distress Scale.

Introduction: This article presents data based on the responses of more than 100 women who contributed to the development of a Korean version of the Female Sexual Distress Scale (FSDS).

Aim: The FSDS was developed to measure sexually related personal distress in women. This article aims to test the usefulness and analyze factors of the 20-item version of the FSDS in a Korean female sample.

Long-term treatment with long-acting risperidone in Korean patients with schizophrenia.

Objectives: We evaluated the efficacy and safety of long-acting risperidone for 48-week period in Korean patients.

Methods: This was a non-randomized, open-label, single-centered, 48-week study. Each of the participants visited the hospital every 2 weeks, and injections were given at each visit.

No borna disease virus-specific RNA detected in blood of race horses and jockeys.

Background: Borna disease virus (BDV) predominantly infects horses and sheep, causing a broad range of behavioural disorders. It is controversial whether BDV infects humans and causes psychiatric disorders.

Objectives: We searched for BDV-derived nucleic acids in blood of race horses and jockeys riding the horses.

No association between the tryptophan hydroxylase gene polymorphism and major depressive disorders and antidepressant response in a Korean population.

The serotonergic neurotransmitter system has been implicated in major depressive disorder (MDD) and appears to be the target of a variety of antidepressants. Tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) is the rate-limiting enzyme in serotonin biosynthesis, and selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors exert their activity enhancing the general serotonergic tone. The goal of this study was to investigate whether the A218C polymorphism of the TPH gene is associated with MDD or antidepressant response.

G-protein beta3 subunit C825T polymorphism tends to be associated with seasonal variation in young male college students.

This study investigated the relationship between G-protein beta(3) subunit (GNB3) C825T polymorphism and seasonal variation in 189 young male college students. The subjects were genotyped for C825T and were evaluated by the Seasonality Pattern Assessment Questionnaire. The Global Seasonality Score (GSS) between the three genotypes revealed a marginal difference.

Latency of auditory P300 correlates with self-control as measured by the Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire.

The reception, processing, and storage of information about experience define personality. The present study investigated the relationship between auditory event-related potentials (AERP) and personality traits. The AERP were recorded using a standard auditory oddball paradigm, and personality was evaluated by Cattell's Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire (16PF) in 20 healthy young male subjects.

High concentrations of plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor in methamphetamine users.

Methamphetamine is a highly addictive drug that has a neurotoxic effect on the brain. A growing body of evidence suggests that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is associated with addictive behavior. The present study investigated the changes in plasma BDNF concentration that were induced by chronic methamphetamine use.

T-helper types 1, 2, and 3 cytokine interactions in symptomatic manic patients.

It has been reported that the balance between T-helper type 1 (Th1) cytokines and T-helper type 2 (Th2) cytokines plays a role in psychiatric disorders such as bipolar disorder. The T-helper type 3 (Th3) cytokine, which transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-beta1), has been shown to modulate the production of Th1 and Th2 cytokines. However, the role of TGF-beta1 in bipolar disorder has not yet been explored.

Treatment in risperidone-induced amenorrhoea.

Objective To find the optimal changes needed for resolution of amenorrhoea associated with risperidone. Method Between November 2001 and May 2002, 16 female outpatients who had taken risperidone for more than 3 months voluntarily reported amenorrhoea. Following each report of amenorrhoea, serum prolactin level was measured and treatment changes were undertaken.

Th1, Th2 and Th3 cytokine alteration in schizophrenia.

Background: Several studies have shown that there is an imbalance between T helper 1 (Th1) cytokines and T helper 2 (Th2) cytokines in patients with schizophrenia. The T helper 3 (Th3) cytokine, transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-beta1), has been shown to suppress the production of Th1 cytokines. Therefore it is hypothesized that it may play a role in schizophrenia by suppressing overactive Th1 system.

A double-blind trial of risperidone and haloperidol for the treatment of delirium.

To compare the clinical efficacy of haloperidol and risperidone for the treatment of delirium, the authors performed a double-blind comparative study. Twenty-eight patients with delirium were recruited and randomly assigned to receive a flexible-dose regimen of haloperidol or risperidone over 7 days. The severity of delirium was assessed by using Memorial Delirium Assessment Scale scores.

Association between norepinephrine transporter gene polymorphism and major depression.

Noradrenergic and serotonergic abnormalities have long been implicated in patients with major depression. The novel selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor reboxetine has been shown to be at least as effective as imipramine, desipramine and fluoxetine in the treatment of major depression. It is suggested that the dysfunction of the norepinephrine transporter (NET) may be related to major depression.

Borna disease virus and deficit schizophrenia.

Background: It is controversial whether Borna disease virus (BDV) infects humans and causes psychiatric disorders.

Objectives: The relationship between BDV infection and schizophrenia with deficit syndrome was investigated.

Study Design: Using the Schedule for the Deficit Syndrome, 62 schizophrenic in-patients were selected from three psychiatric hospitals.

Sexual function and psychological characteristics of penile paraffinoma.

Aim: To identify the sexual, emotional and psychological status of men who augmented their penis with mineral oil injection for their small penis.

Methods: Men who had penile paraffin were asked to answer the semi-structured questionnaire. The questionnaire was designed to assess the motivation, method of penile injection, changes in erectile function and satisfaction after penile injection.