Characteristics of Early Pancreatic Cancer: Comparison between Stage 1A and Stage 1B Pancreatic Cancer in Multicenter Clinical Data Warehouse Study.

Background: Little is known about the characteristics of early pancreatic cancer. We aimed to identify the characteristics, clues for early detection, and prognostic factors for early pancreatic cancer by analyzing a large number of patients with stage 1 pancreatic cancer.

Methods: A clinical data warehouse that includes databases of all the medical records of eight academic institutions was used to select and analyze patients with pancreatic cancer that had been diagnosed from January 2010 to May 2023.

The Awareness and Experience About Endoscopic Adverse Events Among South Korean Endoscopists.

Background/aims: The number of endoscopic procedures and related adverse events is increasing. We investigated South Korean endoscopists' awareness and experience of endoscopic adverse events.

Materials And Methods: We used Google Forms to conduct an online questionnaire survey among South Korean endoscopists from December 11 to 29, 2020.

Tracking incidentally discovered pancreatic cysts smaller than 30 mm: Natural course and predictors of malignancy.

Background And Aims: The aim of this study was to assess the natural course and predictors of malignancy in incidentally detected small pancreatic cysts (PCs).

Method: We retrospectively included patients with PCs smaller than 30 mm followed up with the same cross-sectional imaging modality at least 12 months apart between January 2010 and December 2019 in three academic institutions. Cyst growth, pancreatic cancer incidence, and associated factors associated with pancreatic cancer were analyzed.

Medical disputes related to advanced endoscopic procedures with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography or endoscopic ultrasonography for the management of pancreas and biliary tract diseases.

Background/aims: This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) or endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS)-related adverse events (AEs) that eventually lead to medical disputes or claims on medical professional liability.

Methods: Medical disputes for ERCP/EUS-related AEs filed in the Korea Medical Dispute Mediation and Arbitration Agency between April 2012 and August 2020 were evaluated using corresponding medical records. AEs were categorized into three sections: procedure-related, sedation-related, and safety-related AEs.

Current Practice Patterns of Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Tissue Sampling for Pancreatic Solid Mass in Korea: Outcomes of a National Survey.

Background/aims: Although endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided fine needle aspiration (FNA) and fine needle biopsy (FNB) are widely used for tissue acquisition of pancreatic solid mass, the optimal strategy of this procedure has not been established yet. The aim of this nationwide study was to investigate the current practice patterns of EUS-FNA/FNB for pancreatic solid mass in Korea.

Methods: The Policy-Quality Management of the Korean Pancreatobiliary Association (KPBA) developed a questionnaire containing 22 questions.

Relationship between untreated obstructive sleep apnea and breath hydrogen and methane after glucose load.

Background: Patients with sleep disturbances have gastrointestinal symptoms. Breath hydrogen (H) and methane (CH) indicating small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) might be related with these symptoms. The study was conducted to assess the link between breath profiles and untreated obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography-related adverse events in Korea: A nationwide assessment.

Background: Although endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a pivotal procedure for the diagnosis and treatment of a variety of pancreatobiliary diseases, it has been known that the risk of procedure-related adverse events (AEs) is significant.

Objective: We conducted this nationwide cohort study since there have been few reports on the real-world data regarding ERCP-related AEs.

Methods: Patients who underwent ERCP were identified between 2012 and 2015 using Health Insurance Review and Assessment database generated by the Korea government.

Endoscopic and Percutaneous Biliary Interventions after Liver Transplantation: Nationwide Data in Korea.

Background/aims: Biliary complications including biliary strictures and bile leaks are the most common complications that occur after liver transplantation (LT). Endoscopic treatment with endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC) is considered the first-line treatment, and percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC) can serve as an alternative or rescue therapy. However, nationwide clinical data on the frequency of ERC and PTC following LT have not yet been investigated.

A National Survey on the Environment and Basic Techniques of Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography in Korea.

Background/aims: The work environment in which endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is conducted has influence on its efficacy and safety. We aimed to assess the current status of ERCP work environments and to investigate the trends associated with the basic techniques of ERCP in Korea.

Methods: The work environment and information on the basic techniques of ERCP were acquired by the Korean Pancreatobiliary Association (KPBA) through a national survey in 2019.

Palliative endoscopic retrograde biliary drainage for malignant biliary obstruction in Korea: A nationwide assessment.

Background: Malignant biliary obstruction (MBO) is usually caused by biliary tract cancer or pancreatic cancer. This study was performed to summarize the current situation regarding palliative endoscopic retrograde biliary drainage (ERBD) for MBO in Korea and to determine its clinical significance by analyzing representative nationwide data.

Methods: Patients that underwent palliative ERBD for MBO between 2012 and 2015 were identified using the Health Insurance Review and Assessment database, which covers the entire Korean population.

Current trends in the management of pancreatic cystic neoplasms in Korea: a national survey.

Background/aims: The study aimed to investigate the current practice patterns in the management of pancreatic cystic neoplasms in Korea.

Methods: An electronic survey was systematically distributed by email to members of the Korean Pancreatobiliary Association from December 2019 to February 2020.

Results: In total, 115 (110 gastroenterologists, five surgeons) completed the survey, 72.

Acute gastric injury after ingestion of substrate with hyperosmolar glucose and benzoate inversely related with small intestinal bacterial overgrowth.

Background/aims: The occurrence of gastrointestinal symptoms and the presence of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) could be determined after ingestion of substrate with highly concentrated glucose for glucose breath test (GBT), after which endoscopic images for acute gastric injury have not been clarified. The aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence and relationship of acute gastric injury with SIBO after GBT.

Materials And Methods: A cohort of 235 patients with functional gastrointestinal symptoms undergoing breath test with 50 g glucose solution, immediately followed by upper endoscopy were surveyed.

Y-Daclizumab (Anti-CD25), High-Dose Carmustine, Etoposide, Cytarabine, and Melphalan Chemotherapy and Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Yielded Sustained Complete Remissions in 4 Patients with Recurrent Hodgkin's Lymphoma.

Despite advances in therapy of Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL), a proportion of patients will not respond or relapse. The authors had previously identified CD25, IL-2Rα, as a target for systemic radioimmunotherapy of HL since most normal cells do not express CD25, but it is expressed by a minority of Hodgkin/Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells and most Tregs rosetting around HRS cells. This was a single institution, nonrandomized, open-label phase I/II trial of radiolabeled Y-daclizumab, an anti-CD25 monoclonal antibody, BEAM (carmustine, etoposide, cytarabine, and melphalan) conditioning treatment followed by autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant (ASCT).

Updates on the Facilities, Procedures, and Performance of the Accredited Endoscopy Unit.

Endoscopic quality indicators can be classified into three categories, namely facilities and equipment, endoscopic procedures, and outcome measures. In 2019, the Korean Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy updated the accreditation of qualified endoscopy unit assessment items for these quality indicators to establish competence and define areas of continuous quality improvement. Here, we presented the updated program guidelines on the facilities, procedures, and performance of the accredited endoscopy unit.

Correction: Screening of cancer tissue arrays identifies CXCR4 on adrenocortical carcinoma: correlates with expression and quantification on metastases using Cu-plerixafor PET.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19945.

Total body CD4+ T cell dynamics in treated and untreated SIV infection revealed by in vivo imaging.

The peripheral blood represents only a small fraction of the total number of lymphocytes in the body. To develop a more thorough understanding of T cell dynamics, including the effects of SIV/SHIV/HIV infection on immune cell depletion and immune reconstitution following combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), one needs to utilize approaches that allow direct visualization of lymphoid tissues. In the present study, noninvasive in vivo imaging of the CD4+ T cell pool has revealed that the timing of the CD4+ T cell pool reconstitution following initiation of ART in SIV-infected nonhuman primates (NHPs) appears seemingly stochastic among clusters of lymph nodes within the same host.

Tumor-Shed Antigen Affects Antibody Tumor Targeting: Comparison of Two Zr-Labeled Antibodies Directed against Shed or Nonshed Antigens.

We investigated the effect of shed antigen mesothelin on the tumor uptake of amatuximab, a therapeutic anti-mesothelin mAb clinically tested in mesothelioma patients. The B3 mAb targeting a nonshed antigen was also analyzed for comparison. The mouse model implanted with A431/H9 tumor, which expresses both shed mesothelin and nonshed Lewis-Y antigen, provided an ideal system to compare the biodistribution and PET imaging profiles of the two mAbs.

The association between a positive lactulose methane breath test and rectocele in constipated patients.

Objectives: Rectocele with constipation might be related to methane (CH4) producing intestinal bacteria. We investigated the breath CH4 levels and the clinical characteristics of colorectal motility in constipated patients with rectocele.

Methods: A database of consecutive female outpatients was reviewed for the evaluation of constipation according to the Rome III criteria.

CD4+ levels control the odds of induction of humoral immune responses to tracer doses of therapeutic antibodies.

Rapidly increasing number of therapeutic antibodies are being repurposed to imaging probes for noninvasive diagnosis, as well as monitoring during treatment or disease recurrence. Though antibody-based imaging involves tracer doses (~3 log lower than therapeutic doses), and immune responses are severely reduced in patients with impaired immunity, formation of anti-tracer antibodies (ATA) has been observed hampering further diagnostic monitoring. Here, we explored the potential to develop humoral responses to intravenously administered tracer dose of a monoclonal antibody F(ab΄)2 fragment, and associated with host related immune measures in 49 rhesus macaques categorized into healthy (uninfected controls), SIV-progressors, SIV non-progressors, or total body irradiated (TBI).

Screening of cancer tissue arrays identifies CXCR4 on adrenocortical carcinoma: correlates with expression and quantification on metastases using Cu-plerixafor PET.

Expression of the chemokine receptor CXCR4 by many cancers correlates with aggressive clinical behavior. As part of the initial studies in a project whose goal was to quantify CXCR4 expression on cancers non-invasively, we examined CXCR4 expression in cancer samples by immunohistochemistry using a validated anti-CXCR4 antibody. Among solid tumors, we found expression of CXCR4 on significant percentages of major types of kidney, lung, and pancreatic adenocarcinomas, and, notably, on metastases of clear cell renal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the lung.

The Etiologic Evaluation of Acute Pancreatitis in a General Hospital of Seoul-Gyeonggi Province in Korea.

Background/aims: In recent years, the incidence of acute pancreatitis (AP) has been increasing. A better understanding of the etiology is directly linked to more favorable outcomes. Unfortunately, there have been reports suggesting the variation of etiologies of AP across countries.

Artifacts of the common bile duct caused by duodenal metallic hemoclip on magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography.

Magnetic resonance cholangiography (MRCP) is a non-invasive and highly sensitive diagnostic modality for pancreatobiliay lesions, which can replace the role of Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). However metallic components can lead to misinterpretation of the images of MRCP. Here we present a case of a duodenal metal hemoclip, producing a susceptibility artifact of pathologic lesion in the common bile duct on MRCP.