Peripheral Blood Monocytes as Biomarkers of Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Accumulating evidence implicates immune dysregulation and chronic inflammation in neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), often manifesting as abnormal alterations in peripheral blood immune cell levels. The mononuclear phagocyte system, including monocytes and microglia, has been increasingly recognized for its involvement in the pathogenesis of NDDs. However, due to inconsistent findings in the literature, whether monocytes can serve as a reliable biomarker for NDDs remains controversial.

Integrated Macrogenomics and Metabolomics Analysis of the Effect of Sea Cucumber Ovum Hydrolysates on Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis.

Inflammatory bowel disease remains a significant challenge in clinical settings. This study investigated the therapeutic potential of sea cucumber ovum hydrolysates (SCH) in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model. SCH, defined by its elevated stability and solubility, with a molecular weight below 1000 Da, significantly alleviated DSS-induced colitis, as evidenced by enhanced splenic index, reduced colonic damage, and diminished serum pro-inflammatory cytokines.

A Novel DNA Repair-Gene Model to Predict Responses to Immunotherapy and Prognosis in Patients With EGFR-Mutant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Background: The epidermal growth factor receptor mutant (EGFRm) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has a unique "cold" immune profile. DNA damage repair (DDR) genes are closely related to tumorigenesis and the effectiveness of immunotherapy in many tumors. However, the role and mechanism of DDR in the genesis and progression of EGFRm NSCLC remain unclear.

Multi-omic Characterization of HIV Effects at Single Cell Level across Human Brain Regions.

HIV infection exerts profound and long-lasting neurodegenerative effects on the central nervous system (CNS) that can persist despite antiretroviral therapy (ART). Here, we used single-nucleus multiome sequencing to map the transcriptomic and epigenetic landscapes of postmortem human brains from 13 healthy individuals and 20 individuals with HIV who have a history of treatment with ART. Our study spanned three distinct regions-the prefrontal cortex, insular cortex, and ventral striatum-enabling a comprehensive exploration of region-specific and cross-regional perturbations.

Fluorescence probe for the fast and sensitive detection and imaging of ONOO regulation of charge distribution.

A rapid, sensitive and selective ONOO probe L-C-CH3-Cy5 was developed using a cyanine dye bearing a -quinolinium group. The quinolinium group plays a pivotal role in the performance, as it modulates the signal-to-noise ratio and the reactivity of L-C-CH3-Cy5 towards ONOO, thereby substantially improving both sensitivity and selectivity.

Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Population Study to Determine the Biologic Sex Ratio in Dilated Cardiomyopathy.

Background: Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) appears to be diagnosed twice as often in male than in female patients. This could be attributed to underdiagnosis in female patients or sex differences in susceptibility. Up to 30% of cases have an autosomal dominant monogenic cause, where equal sex prevalence would be expected.

Long noncoding RNA GDIL acts as a scaffold for CHAC1 and XRN2 to promote platinum resistance of colorectal cancer through inhibition of glutathione degradation.

Acquired resistance poses a significant obstacle to the effectiveness of platinum-based treatment for cancers. As the most abundant antioxidant, glutathione (GSH) enables cancer cell survival and chemoresistance, by scavenging excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by platinum. Therapeutic strategy targeting GSH synthesis has been developed, however, failed to produce desirable effects in preventing cancer progression.

A practical methodology for incorporating volume-translated equation of states in isochoric-isothermal phase equilibrium calculations for liquid phase pressure prediction.

Accurately predicting the phase behavior and properties of reservoir fluid plays an essential role in the simulation of petroleum recovery processes. Similar to the inaccurate liquid-density prediction issue in the isobaric-isothermal (PT) phase equilibrium calculations, an inaccurate pressure prediction issue can also be observed in isothermal-isochoric (VT) phase equilibrium calculations which involves a liquid phase. In this work, a practical methodology is proposed to incorporate a volume-translated equation of state in VT phase equilibrium calculations for more accurate pressure predictions.

Identification of Gingival Inflammation Surface Image Features Using Intraoral Scanning and Deep Learning.

Introduction And Aim: The assessment of gingival inflammation surface features mainly depends on subjective judgment and lacks quantifiable and reproducible indicators. Therefore, it is a need to acquire objective identification information for accurate monitoring and diagnosis of gingival inflammation. This study aims to develop an automated method combining intraoral scanning (IOS) and deep learning algorithms to identify the surface features of gingival inflammation and evaluate its accuracy and correlation with clinical indicators.

Efficacy of different probiotic regimens for allergic rhinitis: A network meta-analysis.

Background: To evaluate the efficacy of different probiotic species in the treatment of Allergic rhinitis (AR), we used network meta-analysis (NMA), which provides a foundation for evidence-based therapeutic selection.

Methods: Nine databases were searched from their inception until April 30, 2024. Stata 17.

Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals the Cellular Origin and Evolution of Small-Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Cervix.

Small-cell neuroendocrine cancer (SCNEC) of the uterine cervix is an exceedingly rare, highly aggressive tumor with an extremely poor prognosis. The cellular heterogeneity, origin, and tumorigenesis trajectories of SCNEC of the cervix remain largely unclear. We performed single-cell RNA sequencing and whole-exome sequencing on tumor tissues and adjacent normal cervical tissues from two patients diagnosed with SCNEC of the cervix.

Diagnostic value of lung function tests in long COVID: analysis of positive bronchial provocation test outcomes.

Background: Long COVID patients are prone to bronchial hyperresponsiveness and respiratory symptoms like coughing and breathing difficulties, often with positive bronchial provocation test (BPT) results.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic value of various lung function tests in patients with long-term COVID-19, explicitly focusing on positive BPT outcomes.

Methods: Our study analyzed the BPT outcomes and various pulmonary function parameters of all 9,406 COVID-19 patients who met the inclusion criteria and visited our hospital between February 24, 2022, and April 28, 2024.

Post-transcriptional and post-translational regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis in sweetpotato by Ib-miR2111 and IbKFB: Implications for health promotion.

Introduction: Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) is a genetically intricate hexaploid crop.

Population structure and genetic diversity of Toona sinensis revealed by whole-genome resequencing.

Objectives: Toona sinensis, commonly known as Chinese toon, is a perennial woody plant with significant economic and ecological importance. This study employed whole-genome resequencing of 180 T. sinensis samples collected from Shandong to analyze genetic variation and diversity, ultimately identifying 18,231 high-quality SNPs after rigorous quality control and linkage disequilibrium pruning.

Prediction of functional remission in patients with schizophrenia after antipsychotic discontinuation (FURSAD): protocol for a real-world case-control study.

Introduction: Although maintenance treatment is recommended for the prevention of relapse, in real-world settings, a subset of patients discontinue antipsychotics while having a good prognosis. The prediction of functional remission in patients with schizophrenia after antipsychotic discontinuation (FURSAD) study aims to obtain real-world knowledge regarding the characteristics of schizophrenia (SCZ) patients who achieve functional remission after antipsychotic discontinuation for 1 year or more. This study also aims to establish a prediction model to identify patients likely to benefit from antipsychotic discontinuation.

Genome Analysis of a Polysaccharide-Degrading Bacterium sp. HZ11 and Degradation of Alginate.

Marine bacteria are crucial sources of alginate lyases, which play an essential role in alginate oligosaccharide (AOS) production. This study reports the biochemical characteristics of a new species of the genus, sp. HZ11.

PEARL: A Multicenter Phase 2 Study of Lorlatinib in Patients with ALK-Rearranged NSCLC and Central Nervous System Disease.

Background: Patients with ALK-rearranged non-small cell lung cancer (ALK+ NSCLC) with symptomatic brain (BM) and leptomeningeal (LM) metastases are underrepresented in clinical trials due to poor performance status. Additionally, the need for improved and validated assessment criteria for evaluating central nervous system (CNS) response remains critical. Lorlatinib has demonstrated systemic activity in patients with ALK+ NSCLC.

Identification of serum metabolic traits of AIWG in first-episode schizophrenia patients.

Background: Antipsychotic-induced weight gain (AIWG) is a common side effect of antipsychotic drugs and may lead to cardiometabolic comorbidities. There is an urgent public health need to identify patients at high risk of AIWG and determine potential biomarkers for AIWG.

Methods: In the Sequential Multiple-Assignment Randomized Trials to Compare Antipsychotic Treatments (SMART-CAT) trail, first-episode schizophrenia patients were randomly assigned to olanzapine, risperidone, perphenazine, amisulpride or aripiprazole for 8 weeks.

Strain redistribution for achieving wide-range and high-sensitivity monitoring of natural rubber-based sensors.

Strain sensors with high sensitivity and wide detection range are essential for meeting diverse applications, such as precisely monitoring the movement of patients with bone defects during rehabilitation. However, extending the sensing range without compromising sensitivity, particularly for small strains, remains a significant challenge for flexible sensors. Here, a strain redistribution strategy was employed to achieve wide-range and high-sensitivity monitoring of natural rubber (NR)-based sensors.

Gestational Diabetes, the Human Milk Metabolome, and Infant Growth and Adiposity.

Importance: Gestational diabetes (GD) is linked to health risks for the birthing parent and infant. The outcomes of GD on human milk composition are mostly unknown.

Objective: To determine associations between GD, the human milk metabolome, and infant growth and body composition.

Magnetic-susceptibility-dependent ratiometric probes for enhancing quantitative MRI.

In magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), quantitative measurements of analytes are hindered by difficulties in distinguishing the MRI signals of activation of the probe by the analyte from those of the accumulation of the intact probe. Here we show that imaging sensitivity and quantitation can be enhanced by ratiometric MRI probes with a high relaxivity-ratio change (more than 2.5-fold at 7 T) via magnetic-susceptibility-dependent magnetic resonance tuning.

Immuno- and gut microbiota-modulatory activities of β-1,6-glucans from Lentinus edodes.

The β-1,6-glucans from Lentinus edodes have a variety of biological activities. However, the research on extraction and separation of β-1,6-glucans from L. edodes is limited and the yield is low.

Prevalence and intervention strategies of health misinformation among older adults: A meta-analysis.

The rapid expansion of the Internet and social media has intensified the spread of health misinformation, posing significant risks, especially for older adults. This meta-analysis synthesizes evidence on the prevalence and interventions of health misinformation among older adults. Our findings reveal a high prevalence rate of 47% (95% CI [33%, 60%]), surpassing recent estimates.