Deep Learning Super-Resolution Technique Based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Application of Image-Guided Diagnosis and Surgery of Trigeminal Neuralgia.

This study aimed to implement a deep learning-based super-resolution (SR) technique that can assist in the diagnosis and surgery of trigeminal neuralgia (TN) using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Experimental methods applied SR to MRI data examined using five techniques, including T2-weighted imaging (T2WI), T1-weighted imaging (T1WI), contrast-enhancement T1WI (CE-T1WI), T2WI turbo spin-echo series volume isotropic turbo spin-echo acquisition (VISTA), and proton density (PD), in patients diagnosed with TN. The image quality was evaluated using the peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and structural similarity index (SSIM).

Direct C1 posterior arch screws for reduction and osteosynthesis in the treatment of Jefferson fracture.

The surgical treatment of Jefferson fractures generally involves solid fusion, which limits the range of motion of the upper cervical spine. Herein, we present a case of a Jefferson fracture that was surgically treated using direct C1 posterior arch screw reduction and osteosynthesis instead of fusion surgery. Postoperative computed tomography (CT) and plain radiography revealed that both C1 posterior arch screws were well positioned, and placing lag screws at the C1 level played a key role in fracture reduction.

Massive Hyperostotic Meningioma En Plaque Mimicking Fibrous Dysplasia.

The authors report an extremely rare case of a massive hyperostotic meningioma en plaque, which had characteristics of unique bony growth. A 34-year-old man presented with a palpable solid mass in the left cranial region that had gradually grown in size with a broad base on the calvarium for 8 years. Radiologically, the area involved by the mass ranged from the sphenoid bone to the frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital bones.

Clinical Application of Botulinum Toxin for Hemifacial Spasm.

Hemifacial spasm is typically caused by contact between the facial nerve and blood vessels. Microvascular decompression, a treatment that directly addresses this pathogenesis, is often considered the most effective treatment method. However, surgery is not immediately performed for patients at risk from the surgical treatment, or for those with an unclear diagnosis.

Clinical application of the optimized X-ray parameter model through analysis of disease risk and image quality when combining the ion chamber of automatic exposure control of digital radiography.

Objective: To present an optimized examination model by analyzing the risk of disease and image quality according to the combination of the ion chamber of automatic exposure control (AEC) with digital radiography (DR).

Methods: The X-ray quality was analyzed by first calculating the percentage average error (PAE) of DR. After that, when using AEC, the combination of the ion chambers was the same as the left and centre and right, right and centre, left and centre, centre, right, and left, for a total of six.

Can Trigeminal Schwannoma-Related Symptoms be Controlled With Gamma Knife Radiosurgery?

Objective: The effectiveness of gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS) for the management of trigeminal schwannomas (TS) has been established. Although GKRS has been shown to inhibit tumor growth, the effect of GKRS on the symptoms caused by TS has not been sufficiently studied. In this study, symptomatic changes following GKRS for the management of symptomatic TS were investigated using long-term follow-up results.

Early-onset adverse events after stereotactic radiosurgery for jugular foramen schwannoma: a mid-term follow-up single-center review of 46 cases.

Background: Recently, stereotacitc radiosurgery (SRS) has been in the spotlight as an alternative therapeutic option for jugular foramen schwannomas (JFS). While most reported studies focus on the long-term efficacy and safety issues of SRS, none describe the early-onset adverse events (eAEs). We aimed to investigate the incidence, clinical characteristics, and mid-term outcomes of eAEs occurring within six months after SRS for JFS.

Surgical Treatment for Trigeminal Neuralgia.

Various treatments for trigeminal neuralgia (TN) are known to yield initial satisfactory results; however, the surgical treatment has excellent long-term outcomes and a low recurrence rate. Surgical treatment addresses the challenge of vascular compression, which accounts for 85% of the causes of TN. As for surgical treatment for TN, microvascular decompression (MVD) has become the surgical treatment of choice after Peter J.

Is the pre-operative lateral spread response on facial electromyography a valid diagnostic tool for hemifacial spasm?

The lateral spread response (LSR) on preoperative facial electromyogram (EMG) is a useful tool in evaluating patients with hemifacial spasm (HFS). There may be some instances where the LSR does not appear on the preoperative EMG, thus disrupting the diagnosis and treatment of HFS. In this study, we evaluated the patients who did not exhibit LSR on preoperative EMG but underwent microvascular decompression (MVD) for hemifacial spasm.

Clinical Outcome of Percutaneous Trigeminal Nerve Block in Elderly Patients in Outpatient Clinics.

Objective: Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a severe neuropathic condition that affects several elderly patients. It is characterized by uncontrolled pain that significantly impacts the quality of life of patients. Therefore, the condition should be treated as an emergency.

Long-Term Outcomes of Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for Cystic Vestibular Schwannomas.

Objective: Vestibular schwannomas (VSs) can either be solid or contain variable amounts of cystic components. It has been established that gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS) is an effective treatment modality for solid VSs. However, in the case of cystic VS, given the somewhat unpredictable growth of the cystic portion of these tumors, microsurgery has often been preferred to GKRS in the management of cystic VS.

Incidental Microaneurysms During Microvascular Surgery: Incidence, Treatment, and Significance.

Background: Although new imaging tools have been developed for the detection of smaller aneurysms, angiographically negative microaneurysms are still encountered during cerebral microsurgery. Currently, only limited information regarding incidence and efficacy of treatment of these microaneurysms is available.

Methods: We investigated the incidence and treatment of incidental microaneurysms (IMAs) in the last 5 years.

Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for Postoperative Remnant Meningioma: Analysis of Recurrence Factors According to World Health Organization Grade.

Objective: The effectiveness of tumor control after Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKS) for intracranial meningioma is well established. Moreover, GKS is an alternative to reduce surgical-remnant meningioma recurrence. Nevertheless, the tumor can recur even after GKS and is associated with its histologic malignancy.

Surgical Outcomes of Revision Microvascular Decompression for Persistent or Recurrent Hemifacial Spasm After Surgery: Analysis of Radiologic and Intraoperative Findings.

Objectives: Microvascular decompression (MVD) is the treatment of choice for hemifacial spasm (HFS), due to the high rate of complete resolution associated with MVD. However, some patients experience recurrent or persistent symptoms after surgery. In this study, we evaluated the causes of recurrence or failure based on our surgical experience with revision of MVD for HFS and analyzed the relationship between surgical outcomes and radiologic and intraoperative findings.

Late-onset neurological deficits induced by proximal adjacent segment degeneration related to severe post-tuberculous kyphotic deformities of the spine: a series of 7 cases and surgical correction concept.

Objective: Late-onset neurological deficits are a rare complication of spinal tuberculosis that may be caused by proximal adjacent segment degeneration (ASD) above the kyphus. The objective of this study was to report several cases of neurological deficits due to proximal ASD in patients with post-tuberculous kyphotic deformity and discuss the characteristics of the authors' corrective surgical technique.

Methods: The inclusion criteria in this study were severe angular kyphosis due to a post-tuberculous kyphotic deformity and a late-onset neurological deficit.

New mobile-bearing TKA with unique ball and socket post-cam mechanism offers similar function and stability with better prosthesis fit and gap balancing compared to an established fixed-bearing prosthesis.

Purpose: A mobile-bearing (MB) posterior-stabilized total knee arthroplasty (TKA) system with ball and socket post-cam mechanism has been developed with the aims of better prosthesis fit and enhanced stability. However, the data are limited to compare its clinical outcomes with an already established fixed-bearing (FB) implant design.

Methods: This is a prospective randomized study comparing 260 patients in the MB group and 133 patients in FB group with a minimum 2 years of follow-up.

Gain determination of feedback force for an ultrasound scanning robot using genetic algorithm.

Purpose: The remote medical diagnosis system (RMDS) is for providing medical diagnosis to the patients located in remote sites. To apply to RMDS and medical automation, many master-slave type ultrasound scanning robots are being developed and researched. One of the important research issue of the master-slave type ultrasound scanning robot is to determine the gains of the feedback force.

Magnetoencephalography as a Prognostic Tool in Patients with Medically Intractable Temporal Lobe Epilepsy.

Background: Most surgical treatments for medically intractable temporal lobe epilepsy are helpful. When a patient has persistent symptoms after surgery, there are no tests that accurately predict whether a patient will have remnant epileptic foci. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of magnetoencephalography (MEG) as a prognostic tool in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy.

Morphologic Factors Related to Repair Outcomes for Delaminated Rotator Cuff Tears: A Minimum 2-Year Retrospective Comparison Study.

Purpose: To evaluate clinical outcomes and repair integrity after en masse transosseous-equivalent suture bridge repair for delaminated rotator cuff tears and to analyze the morphologic factors related to clinical outcomes and repair integrity.

Methods: This study included 99 patients who underwent the technique of en masse transosseous-equivalent suture bridge repair for delaminated rotator cuff tears. Morphologic factors were estimated using magnetic resonance imaging, and clinical outcomes were evaluated using the University of California, Los Angeles score; American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score; and Constant shoulder score.

Does Discharge Destination Matter after Total Knee Arthroplasty? A Single-Institution Korean Experience.

Purpose: To compare extended care facility (ECF) and home as discharge destination after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) at a single high-volume tertiary center in South Korea.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 1,120 primary TKAs (614 patients) performed between January 2012 and December 2013. A telephonic survey was conducted to determine discharge destination.

The efficacy and limits of magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound pallidotomy for Parkinson's disease: a Phase I clinical trial.

Objective: Recently, MR-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) has emerged as an innovative treatment for numerous neurological disorders, including essential tremor, Parkinson's disease (PD), and some psychiatric disorders. Thus, clinical applications with this modality have been tried using various targets. The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility, initial effectiveness, and potential side effects of unilateral MRgFUS pallidotomy for the treatment of parkinsonian dyskinesia.

Estimating Accurate Target Coordinates with Magnetic Resonance Images by Using Multiple Phase-Encoding Directions during Acquisition.

Background: Stereotactic procedures are image guided, often using magnetic resonance (MR) images limited by image distortion, which may influence targets for stereotactic procedures.

Objectives: The aim of this work was to assess methods of identifying target coordinates for stereotactic procedures with MR in multiple phase-encoding directions.

Methods: In 30 patients undergoing deep brain stimulation, we acquired 5 image sets: stereotactic brain computed tomography (CT), T2-weighted images (T2WI), and T1WI in both right-to-left (RL) and anterior-to-posterior (AP) phase-encoding directions.