Improvement of jelly 3D printing using ultrasound treatment and calcium chloride.

This study investigated the effects of ultrasound treatment or calcium chloride (CaCl) addition on the physical properties of jelly formulations. Elastic modulus (G'), loss modulus (G"), tan δ, shear modulus, yield stress (τ), phase angle (δ), and gel strength were the parameters selected to describe the requirements of jelly printing, such as fidelity, shape retention, and extrudability. Ultrasound treatment of the jelly formulation without pectin increased the G' and shear moduli values, while decreasing the δ and gel strength.

Profiles of volatile sulfur compounds in various vegetables consumed in Korea using HS-SPME-GC/MS technique.

Volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) are not only important for their therapeutic potential but also significantly influence the flavor profiles of agricultural products. VSCs exhibit various chemical structures due to their stability and volatility, and they may form or be altered as a result of enzymatic and chemical reactions during storage and cooking. This study has focused on profiles of VSCs in 58 different vegetable samples by using HS-SPME-GC/MS technique and chemometric analyses.

Correction of the wavelength error in transmission of a full-color holographic 3D image.

When a digital holographic image represented by a sampled wavefield is transmitted and the wavelength used in the three-dimensional (3D) display devices does not agree exactly with the wavelength of the original image data, the reconstructed 3D image will differ slightly from the original. This slight change is particularly problematic for full-color 3D images reconstructed using three wavelengths. A method is proposed here to correct the holographic image data and reduce the problems caused by wavelength mismatch.

Impact of Esterification with Octenyl Succinic Anhydride on the Structural Characteristics and Glucose Response in Mice of Wheat Starch.

In this study, we investigated the structural properties and digestibility of wheat starch treated with octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA). For the experiment, the samples were reacted with 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10% OSA (pH 8.5-9.

Characterization of Low-Molecular-Weight Collagen from Korean Native Chicken Feet Hydrolyzed Using Alcalase.

The aims of this study were to optimize the preparation of low-molecular-weight collagen using a proteolytic enzyme (alcalase) derived from the feet of Korean native chickens, and to characterize the process of collagen hydrolysis. Foreign bodies from chicken feet were removed using ultrasonication at 28 kHz with 1.36 kW for more than 25 min.

A Review of the Efficacy of Ultraviolet C Irradiation for Decontamination of Pathogenic and Spoilage Microorganisms in Fruit Juices.

Ultraviolet C (UV-C, 200-280 nm) light has germicidal properties that inactivate a wide range of pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms. UV-C has been extensively studied as an alternative to thermal decontamination of fruit juices. Recent studies suggest that the efficacy of UV-C irradiation in reducing microorganisms in fruit juices is greatly dependent on the characteristics of the target microorganisms, juice matrices, and parameters of the UV-C treatment procedure, such as equipment and processing.

Impact of UV-C Irradiation on Bacterial Disinfection in a Drinking Water Purification System.

The supply of microbiological risk-free water is essential to keep food safety and public hygiene. And removal, inactivation, and destruction of microorganisms in drinking water are key for ensuring safety in the food industry. Ultraviolet-C (UV-C) irradiation is an attractive method for efficient disinfection of water without generating toxicity and adversely affecting human health.

Preparation, physicochemical properties, and in vivo digestibility of thermostable resistant starch from malic acid-treated wheat starch.

In this study, malic acid treatment under different conditions, including molarity level (2-4 M), temperatures (90-130 °C), and time (2-12 h), was evaluated to prepare a modified wheat starch that is rich in resistant starch (RS). The physicochemical characteristics of the modified starch were also investigated. The application of 4 M malic acid and a heat treatment at 130 °C for 7 h produced a malic acid-treated (MT) wheat starch composed of 99.

4-phenylpyridine suppresses UVB-induced skin inflammation by targeting c-Src in vitro and in vivo.

Acute or repetitive exposure to ultraviolet (UV) cause disruptions to the skin barrier and subsequent inflammatory skin disease. 4-phenylpyridine (4-PP) is a constituent of Brassica campestris L. ssp.

Impact of chemical modification by immersion with malic acid on the physicochemical properties and resistant starch formation in rice.

The effects of immersion time on the physicochemical properties and resistant starch (RS) formation of malic acid-treated rice were investigated. Malic acid treatment decreased the frequency of cracks within the rice kernel. The color (lightness) was significantly affected by the immersion time, reflecting the browning of rice.

Numerical analysis on a viewing angle enhancement of a digital hologram by attaching a pixelated random phase mask.

In a digital hologram, the maximum viewing angle of a computer-generated hologram (CGH) is limited by pixel pitch due to the diffraction grating equation. Since reducing pixel size of display panel is challenging and costly, we propose a method to expand the viewing angle of a digital hologram by attaching an aligned pixelated random phase mask (PRPM) onto the CGH pattern based on analysis of simulation results. By introducing a phase-averaging process to the widely used iterative Fourier transform algorithm, an optimized CGH pattern can be obtained in conjunction with a PRPM.

Impact of esterification with malic acid on the structural characteristics and in vitro digestibilities of different starches.

This research focused on the structural characteristics of resistant starches (RSs) that were obtained from corn, potato, and sweet potato and esterified by L-malic acid. Further, the unique effect of the degree of substitution (DS) on the crystalline properties was studied. Different starches were allowed to react with 2 M malic acid (pH 1.

Quality Retention of Fresh Tuna Stored Using Supercooling Technology.

The present study was focused on the investigation of physiochemical changes in tuna subjected to a novel supercooling preservation, which was assisted using a combination of pulsed electric fields (PEF) and oscillating magnetic fields (OMF). Fresh tuna fillets were stored without freezing at -3.2 °C for 8 days.

Strategies for Optimizing the Production of Proteins and Peptides with Multiple Disulfide Bonds.

Bacteria can produce recombinant proteins quickly and cost effectively. However, their physiological properties limit their use for the production of proteins in their native form, especially polypeptides that are subjected to major post-translational modifications. Proteins that rely on disulfide bridges for their stability are difficult to produce in .

Structural characteristics of low-digestible sweet potato starch prepared by heat-moisture treatment.

The objectives of this study were to optimize the conditions for the preparation of sweet potato starch containing a high proportion of slowly digestible starch (SDS) by heat-moisture treatment (HMT), and to investigate the structural properties of SDS and resistant starch (RS) fractions isolated from this modified starch. Response surface methodology evaluation of considering temperature, time, and moisture content was conducted to determine the HMT condition for maximizing SDS yield. Maximum SDS content (50.

Structural Characteristics and In Vitro Digestibility of Malic Acid-Treated Corn Starch with Different pH Conditions.

The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of pH value on the in vitro digestibility of malic acid-treated corn starch in relation to its structural properties. Varying pH values (1.5-8.

Change in dielectric properties of sweet potato during microwave drying.

Sweet potato slices and strips (thickness of 6 and 9 mm, respectively) as single layer were dried at different microwave power levels (90 W to 900 W) in order to determine the effect of microwave power and sample shape on drying characteristics. Dielectric properties of sweet potato slices were measured during microwave drying. Drying time for both samples was decreased with increase in microwave power, and drying time of strips was longer than slices in the microwave power range between 90 and 720 W.

Catalytic characteristics of a sn-1(3) regioselective lipase from Cordyceps militaris.

A total of 39 agricultural products were screened for natural sources of lipases with distinctive positional specificity. Based on this, Cordyceps militaris lipase (CML) was selected and subsequently purified by sequential chromatography involving anion-exchange, hydrophobic-interaction, and gel-permeation columns. As a result of the overall purification procedure, a remarkable increase in the specific activity of the CML (4.

Preventive effect of extract on UVB-induced COX-2 and MMP-1 expression.

Ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 are representative markers for skin inflammation and photoaging, respectively. To evaluate compounds that may counteract the effects of UVB-induced skin damage, we developed an immortalized human keratinocyte (HaCaT) cell line with an MMP-1 reporter construct. Among the 30 botanical extracts screened, we selected extract (ESE) as a promising candidate and confirmed that ESE significantly suppresses UVB-induced COX-2 and MMP-1 expression in HaCaT cells.

Hydrophilic and lipophilic characteristics of non-fatty acid moieties: significant factors affecting antibacterial activity of lauric acid esters.

It has been proposed that the hydrophilic and/or lipophilic characteristics of fatty acid derivatives affect their antibacterial activities according to their ability to incorporate into the bacterial cell membrane. To verify this hypothesis, six kinds of lauric acid derivatives esterified with different non-fatty acid moieties were selected to confirm whether antibacterial activity from their precursor (i.e.

Screening and selection of Bifidobacterium strains isolated from human feces capable of utilizing resistant starch.

Background: Resistant starch (RS) has been studied for its ability to serve as a substrate for the microbiota present in the human large intestine and for its beneficial physiological effects. The aim of this study was to screen and select novel strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in the genus Bifidobacterium isolated from human fecal samples for further application as probiotics relying on their utilization of RS3, a prebiotic.

Results: LAB were isolated from human fecal samples, based on their ability to utilize RS3 as a carbon source.

Structural characteristics of slowly digestible starch and resistant starch isolated from heat-moisture treated waxy potato starch.

The objective of this study was to investigate the structural characteristics of slowly digestible starch (SDS) and resistant starch (RS) fractions isolated from heat-moisture treated waxy potato starch. The waxy potato starch with 25.7% moisture content was heated at 120°C for 5.

Portable high-intensity focused ultrasound system with 3D electronic steering, real-time cavitation monitoring, and 3D image reconstruction algorithms: a preclinical study in pigs.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and accuracy of a new portable ultrasonography-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound (USg-HIFU) system with a 3-dimensional (3D) electronic steering transducer, a simultaneous ablation and imaging module, real-time cavitation monitoring, and 3D image reconstruction algorithms.

Methods: To address the accuracy of the transducer, hydrophones in a water chamber were used to assess the generation of sonic fields. An animal study was also performed in five pigs by ablating in vivo thighs by single-point sonication (n=10) or volume sonication (n=10) and ex vivo kidneys by single-point sonication (n=10).