The essential roles of Mps1 in spermatogenesis and fertility in mice.

Monopolar spindle 1 (MPS1), which plays a critical role in somatic mitosis, has also been revealed to be essential for meiosis I in oocytes. Spermatogenesis is an important process involving successive mitosis and meiosis, but the function of MPS1 in spermatogenesis remains unclear. Here, we generated Mps1 conditional knockout mice and found that Ddx4-cre-driven loss of Mps1 in male mice resulted in depletion of undifferentiated spermatogonial cells and subsequently of differentiated spermatogonia and spermatocytes.

Nucleotide variation in histone H2BL drives crossalk of histone modification and promotes tumour cell proliferation by upregulating c-Myc.

Gene mutations play important roles in tumour development. In this study, we identified a functional histone H2B mutation H2BL-T11C, causing an amino acid variation from Leu to Pro (L3P, H2BL-L3P). Cells overexpressing H2BL-L3P showed stronger proliferation, colony formation, tumourigenic abilities, and a different cell cycle distribution.

Epigenetic regulation of the Warburg effect by H2B monoubiquitination.

Cancer cells reprogram their energy metabolic system from the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) pathway to a glucose-dependent aerobic glycolysis pathway. This metabolic reprogramming phenomenon is known as the Warburg effect, a significant hallmark of cancer. However, the detailed mechanisms underlying this event or triggering this reprogramming remain largely unclear.

Histone acetyltransferase CBP-related H3K23 acetylation contributes to courtship learning in Drosophila.

Background: Histone modifications are critical in regulating neuronal processes. However, the impacts of individual histone modifications on learning and memory are elusive. Here, we investigated the contributions of histone H3 lysine modifications to learning and memory in Drosophila by using histone lysine-to-alanine mutants.

Histone H3K27 methylation modulates the dynamics of FANCD2 on chromatin to facilitate NHEJ and genome stability.

Dysregulation of the homeostatic balance of histone H3 di- and tri-methyl lysine 27 (H3K27me2/3) levels caused by the mis-sense mutation of histone H3 (H3K27M) is reported to be associated with various types of cancers. In this study, we found that reduction in H3K27me2/3 caused by H3.1K27M, a mutation of H3 variants found in patients with diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG), dramatically attenuated the presence of 53BP1 (also known as TP53BP1) foci and the capability of non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) in human dermal fibroblasts.

Histone H2B monoubiquitination is a critical epigenetic switch for the regulation of autophagy.

Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved cellular process that primarily participates in lysosome-mediated protein degradation. Although autophagy is a cytoplasmic event, how epigenetic pathways are involved in the regulation of autophagy remains incompletely understood. Here, we found that H2B monoubiquitination (H2Bub1) is down-regulated in cells under starvation conditions and that the decrease in H2Bub1 results in the activation of autophagy.

A Mn(II) complex of boradiazaindacene (BODIPY) loaded graphene oxide as both LED light and H2O2 enhanced anticancer agent.

Cancer cells are more susceptible to H2O2 induced cell death than normal cells. H2O2-activatable and O2-evolving nanoparticles could be used as photodynamic therapy agents in hypoxic environments. In this report, a photo-active Mn(II) complex of boradiazaindacene derivatives (Mn1) was used as a dioxygen generator under irradiation with LED light in water.

Histone H1-mediated epigenetic regulation controls germline stem cell self-renewal by modulating H4K16 acetylation.

Epigenetics plays critical roles in controlling stem cell self-renewal and differentiation. Histone H1 is one of the most critical chromatin regulators, but its role in adult stem cell regulation remains unclear. Here we report that H1 is intrinsically required in the regulation of germline stem cells (GSCs) in the Drosophila ovary.

A conserved RAD6-MDM2 ubiquitin ligase machinery targets histone chaperone ASF1A in tumorigenesis.

Chromatin is a highly organized and dynamic structure in eukaryotic cells. The change of chromatin structure is essential in many cellular processes, such as gene transcription, DNA damage repair and others. Anti-silencing function 1 (ASF1) is a histone chaperone that participates in chromatin higher-order organization and is required for appropriate chromatin assembly.

Microarray Analysis Reveals Potential Biological Functions of Histone H2B Monoubiquitination.

Histone H2B monoubiquitination is a key histone modification that has significant effects on chromatin higher-order structure and gene transcription. Multiple biological processes have been suggested to be tightly related to the dynamics of H2B monoubiquitination. However, a comprehensive understanding of biological roles of H2B monoubiquitination is still poorly understood.

WITHDRAWN: WSTF Phosphorylation Specifically Links H3K9ac with H4K16ac through PCAF/WSTF/MOF Complex.

This article has been withdrawn by the authors.

Human RAD6 promotes G1-S transition and cell proliferation through upregulation of cyclin D1 expression.

Protein ubiquitinylation regulates protein stability and activity. RAD6, an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme, which that has been substantially biochemically characterized, functions in a number of biologically relevant pathways, including cell cycle progression. In this study, we show that RAD6 promotes the G1-S transition and cell proliferation by regulating the expression of cyclin D1 (CCND1) in human cells.

RAD6 promotes homologous recombination repair by activating the autophagy-mediated degradation of heterochromatin protein HP1.

Efficient DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair is critical for the maintenance of genome stability. Unrepaired or misrepaired DSBs cause chromosomal rearrangements that can result in severe consequences, such as tumorigenesis. RAD6 is an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme that plays a pivotal role in repairing UV-induced DNA damage.

[Sexual hormone and sperm cytological test in patients with aspermia].

Objectives: To test the serum sexual hormone and sperm cytology in aspermia patients.

Methods: Radioimmunoassay (RIA) and Wright-Giemsa stain were used to detect serum sexual hormone and sperm cytology in 45 aspermia patients.

Results: Among the 45 patients, spermatogenetic cells were detected in 16 patients(35.

Effects of the N-salicylaladehyde Aminoglucose Schiff Base Complexes no O(2)(-). and DNA.

The effects of SG schiff base complexes with Cu(II), Zn(II), Co(III) on O(2)(-). and DNA were studied. The results showed that both CuSG and ZnSG could an inhibit the synthesis of O(2)(-).

Nomega-Nitro-L-Arginine Benzyl Ester Enhances Pulmonary Vasopressor Responses to Hypoxia and to Angiotensin II.

The effects of Nomega-nitro-L-arginine benzyl ester (L-NABE), an inhibitor of nitric oxide (NO) synthase, were investigated on pulmonary arterial responses during baseline or low tone conditions and during elevated tone conditions induced by ventilatory hypoxia or by AII in the isolated blood-perfused rat lung. We also tested the influence L-NABE on the vasodilator responses to acetylcholine (ACh) and nitroglycerin (GTN) during elevated pulmonary arterial tone conditions. Under baseline conditions, L-NABE in doses of 10--1000 &mgr;g, induced small increases in pulmonary arterial perfusion pressure that were significant for the higher doses studied.

Hemodynamic Responses to Papaverine: Do Nitric Oxide, Cyclic GMP, or Calcium Mediate the Vasodilation?

Papaverine is a commonly used vasodilator of the internal mammary artery in cardiac surgery. The effects of papaverine with and without N(omega)-L-arginine methyl ester (L -NAME) (a nitric oxide production inhibitor) and/or zaprinast (a cyclic GMP inhibitor) or verapamil (calcium channel antagonist) on systemic vascular resistance in vivo have not been well documented. This study examines the hemodynamic responses to papaverine and attempts to identify the role of nitric oxide, cyclic guanosine monophosphate (GMP), and calcium in the vasodilation.

The Effect of Cromakalim on the Hindlimb Vascular Bed of the Male Rat: Do Glybenclamide and/or Nitric Oxide Modulate the Vasodilation?

Cromakalim, a benzopyran derivative, is a member of a novel class of antihypertensive agents that increase membrane K(+) conductance through ATP-sensitive K(+) channels. The effects of glybenclamide and N(omega)-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), a specific inhibitor of nitric oxide synthesis from L-arginine were investigated on the vasodilator response to cromakalim in the hindlimb vascular bed in the male rat, as well as the combination glybenclamide and L-NAME. Thirty male Sprague--Dawley rats (350--450 g) were studied.