Measurement of Very-High-Energy Diffuse Gamma-Ray Emissions from the Galactic Plane with LHAASO-WCDA.

The diffuse Galactic gamma-ray emission is a very important tool used to study the propagation and interaction of cosmic rays in the Milky Way. In this Letter, we report the measurements of the diffuse emission from the Galactic plane-covering Galactic longitudes from 15° to 235° and latitudes from -5° to +5°, in an energy range of 1 to 25 TeV-made with the Water Cherenkov Detector Array (WCDA) of the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory. After the sky regions of known sources are masked, the diffuse emission is detected with 24.

Factors Influencing Treatment Strategy for Overactive Bladder in the National Institute of Health All of Us Research Program.

Importance: Overactive bladder (OAB) is a condition characterized by urinary urgency, frequency, and incontinence, affecting up to 43% of women. While treatment disparities are well-documented, this study sheds light on broader systemic barriers and the need for equitable approaches to improve diagnosis and management.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the types of OAB treatments (no treatment, pharmacotherapy, advanced therapy) received by patients in the United States, stratified by race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic factors, using data from the All of Us Research Hub.

Predictors of macular edema recurrence and visual outcomes in branch retinal vein occlusion treated with aflibercept or ranibizumab.

Purpose: To investigate the risk factors for visual outcomes and recurrence of macular edema (ME) in branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) after intravitreal injection (IVI) of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents.

Methods: Thirty eyes of 30 patients with recent-onset, treatment naive BRVO with ME receiving IVI aflibercept and ranibizumab in a tertiary care hospital were enrolled retrospectively. Treatment response was classified into "responsive group" and "recurrent/refractory group" by absence or presence of ME after consecutive monthly IVI anti-VEGF therapy.

Clinically Significant Functional Impairments and Symptoms in COVID-19 Survivors: Empirical Research Quantitative.

Background: COVID-19 survivors may experience complex, distressing and persistent symptoms, referred to as long COVID, lasting months or years after diagnosis. More evidence is needed for effective long COVID screening and management.

Aim: To explore the clinical profile of long COVID and factors associated with its development.

A contrastive analysis of two bone cement applicators for percutaneous vertebroplasty in the treatment of OVCF: A retrospective study.

BackgroundPercutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) is the mainstream treatment for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF). In order to provide better clinical efficacy and reduce complications, various bone cement applicators are still being developed and gradually applied in clinical practice. However their clinical results are still to be reported.

The inter-organelle cross-talk finely orchestrated in the amyloidogenic processing of amyloid precursor protein in dendritic arborization neurons of .

Organelles in neuronal dendrites facilitate local metabolic processes and energy supply, crucial for dendrite development and neurodegenerative diseases. The distinct functions of dendritic organelles have been well studied, however, their crosstalk under physiological and pathological contexts remains elusive. We aimed to establish an model system of contacts between multi-organelles for investigating the modulation of inter-organelle crosstalk in Alzheimer's disease (AD).

A genome assembly and annotation for the Australian alpine skink Bassiana duperreyi using long-read technologies.

The eastern three-lined skink (Bassiana duperreyi) inhabits the Australian high country in the southeast of the continent including Tasmania. It is a distinctive oviparous species because it undergoes sex reversal (from XX genotypic females to phenotypic males) at low incubation temperatures. We present a chromosome-scale genome assembly of a Bassiana duperreyi XY male individual, constructed using PacBio HiFi and ONT long reads scaffolded using Illumina HiC data.

Effects of Dexamethasone and Tacrolimus on Mesenchymal Stem Cell Characteristics and Gene Expression.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are frequently used for therapeutic applications in both pre-clinical and clinical settings owing to their capacity for immune modulation and neuroprotective effects. However, transient fever is commonly observed as an adverse event following MSC injection in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, we investigated the potential impact of immunosuppressants such as dexamethasone and tacrolimus on altering the characteristics of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs).

Longitudinal changes of automated volumetric breast density with postmenopausal hormone therapy.

Objective: To evaluate how volumetric percent density (VPD) changes longitudinally with postmenopausal hormone therapy (HT).

Study Design: Medical records of 297 women who visited the outpatient clinic in a tertiary medical center between 2011 and 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Study participants were postmenopausal hormone never-users (n = 103), estrogen therapy (ET) users (n = 95), and estrogen plus progestogen (EPT) users (n = 99).

Heavy metals promote the formation of multidrug-tolerant Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli persisters.

Bacterial persisters are dormant phenotypic variants that are tolerant to antibiotics, contributing to treatment failure and the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. Although the formation of persisters has been extensively studied in regards to bacterial infections and treatment, such as antibiotic exposure or intracellular survival within macrophages, the role of environmental stressors in persister formation remains largely unexplored. In this study, we investigate the role of environmental heavy metals, specifically arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg), in promoting persister cell formation in Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.

Semirational Design of Methanol-Resistant Lipase Mutants: A Pathway to Efficient Biodiesel Production.

The development of a methanol-resistant thermostable lipase is of significant importance in biodiesel synthesis. In this study, a semirational design approach was employed to combine targeted mutagenesis and the introduction of N-glycosylation modifications to enhance the activity and stability of lipase. The activity of mutant A113G was 46% higher than that of the wild type.

Improving neuroblastoma risk prediction through a polygenic risk score derived from genome-wide association study-identified loci.

Objective: Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor in children and has complex genetic underpinnings. Previous genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified many loci associated with neuroblastoma susceptibility; however, their application in risk prediction for Chinese children has not been systematically explored. This study seeks to enhance neuroblastoma risk prediction by validating these loci and evaluating their performance in polygenic risk models.

Expanding the Scope of Interventional Oncology: Locoregional Therapies in Extrahepatic Malignancies.

Background/objectives: Locoregional therapies (LRTs), including transarterial embolization (TAE), transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), and transarterial radioembolization (TARE), have become integral in the management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in recent decades and continue to shape evolving treatment strategies. While their role in liver tumor management is well established, their potential for treating extrahepatic malignancies is gaining increasing attention. Notably, growing research has highlighted the promising applications of TAE, TACE, and TARE in extrahepatic cancers such as glioblastoma (GBM), soft tissue sarcomas (STSs), prostate cancer (PCa), pancreatic cancer, and renal cell carcinoma (RCC).

Sequential Proteomic Analysis Reveals the Key APOE4-Induced Pathological and Molecular Features at the Presymptomatic Stage in Alzheimer's Disease Mice.

Aims: Alzheimer's disease (AD) involves a prolonged presymptomatic or preclinical stage with subtle pathological changes. Apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) is a significant genetic risk factor for AD, yet its specific role at the presymptomatic stage is not fully understood. This study aimed to elucidate the cellular and molecular effects of APOE4 compared to APOE3 on AD progression during the presymptomatic stage.

A Neuroimmune-Oncology Microphysiological Analysis Platform (NEO-MAP) for Evaluating Astrocytic Scar Formation and Microgliosis in Glioblastoma Microenvironment.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive type of brain tumor, characterized by its heterogeneity in cellular components, including reactive astrocytes and microglia. Since neuroimmune responses like astrogliosis and microgliosis gain recognition as vital factors in brain tumor progression, there is a growing need for clinically relevant models that assess the interactions between astrocytes, microglia, and GBM. Here, a NEuroimmune-Oncology Microphysiological Analysis Platform (NEO-MAP) is presented as a "new map" to observe astrocytic scar formation and microgliosis in response to GBM.

IL-23p19 Antagonists vs. Ustekinumab for Treatment of Crohn's Disease: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background And Aims: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing interleukin (IL)-23p19 antagonists with ustekinumab, stratified by prior biologic exposure, in patients with moderate-to-severe Crohn's disease (CD).

Methods: Through a systematic review through August 17, 2024, we identified phase 2 and 3 RCTs comparing IL-23p19 antagonists vs. ustekinumab in adults with moderate-to-severe CD.

A Prospective Observational Study to Evaluate the Actual Use of 1% Pimecrolimus in Chinese Patients with Mild-to-Moderate Atopic Dermatitis Affecting Sensitive Skin Areas.

Introduction: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common inflammatory skin disorder that affects both children and adults, characterized by pruritus and scaly, dry eczematous lesions. This study aimed to gather knowledge on the actual use and effectiveness of Pimecrolimus (PIM) in Chinese patients with mild-to-moderate AD affecting sensitive skin areas in routine clinical practice.

Methods: This multicentre and non-interventional study included 130 subjects from China, divided into two age groups (2-12 years and ≥12 years).

Phosphorylation of an RNA-Binding Protein Rck/Me31b by Hippo Is Essential for Adipose Tissue Aging.

The metazoan lifespan is determined in part by a complex signaling network that regulates energy metabolism and stress responses. Key signaling hubs in this network include insulin/IGF-1, AMPK, mTOR, and sirtuins. The Hippo/Mammalian Ste20-like Kinase1 (MST1) pathway has been reported to maintain lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans, but its role has not been studied in higher metazoans.

Glycogen drives tumour initiation and progression in lung adenocarcinoma.

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is an aggressive cancer defined by oncogenic drivers and metabolic reprogramming. Here we leverage next-generation spatial screens to identify glycogen as a critical and previously underexplored oncogenic metabolite. High-throughput spatial analysis of human LUAD samples revealed that glycogen accumulation correlates with increased tumour grade and poor survival.

Tumor cell-derived ISG15 promotes fibroblast recruitment in oral squamous cell carcinoma via CD11a-dependent glycolytic reprogramming.

Cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) recruitment and activation within the tumor microenvironment (TME) are increasingly acknowledged as drivers of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) tumor growth and metastasis. Therefore, the mechanisms underlying tumor cell and fibroblast crosstalk warrant further investigation. We discovered that ectopic interferon-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) expression, which is a promising and novel oncoprotein biomarker elevated in a variety of cancers, enhanced OSCC growth and elevated collagen and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression in ISG15-expressing tumors.

Simultaneous Improvement and Tailoring Upconversion and Downshift Luminescence of CsNaErCl via Yb Alloying for Versatile Photoelectric Applications.

Lead-free double perovskite (DP) materials have garnered growing interest because of their outstanding optoelectronic attributes. Nevertheless, realizing efficient, multimodal photoluminescence (PL) with adjustable emission spectra within single-host DP materials still poses a formidable hurdle. Herein, Er-based lead-free DPs (CsNaErCl) were developed, which achieves downshift (DS) emissions from visible to near-infrared (NIR) and multicolor upconversion (UC) emissions, resulting from the abundant energy levels of Er ions.

Single-cell multi-stage spatial evolutional map of esophageal carcinogenesis.

Cancer development involves the co-evolution of cancer cells and their surrounding microenvironment, yet the dynamics of this interaction within the physical architecture remains poorly understood. Here, we present a spatial transcriptomic map at single-cell resolution, encompassing 127 multi-stage fields of view from 43 patients, to chart the evolutionary trajectories of human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). By analyzing 6.

From acetate-driven partial denitrification (PD) to N-Methylpyrrolidone-driven PD: Microbial community, metabolic pathway and functional genes.

With the rapid development of the new energy industry, the wastewater discharged from battery production industries has increased significantly, in which N-Methylpyrrolidone (NMP) have aroused widespread attention. It is valuable to develop low-cost biological methods for NMP containing wastewater treatment. In this study, an NMP-driven PD system was acclimated in an sequencing batch reactor (SBR) by gradually replacing the sodium acetate with NMP.

Dynamic Covalent Hydrogels for Wound Healing.

Given their hydrophilic nature, hydrogels have shown great potential as wound dressing materials. However, traditional hydrogel dressing materials are static and do not adapt to dynamic wound environments, which in turn limits their wound healing efficacy. Introducing dynamic covalent chemistries can be an effective strategy to improve hydrogel properties for effective wound healing, such as shape adaptability, stimuli responsiveness, self-healing capability, and antibacterial properties.

Keratorefractive Lenticule Extraction for Myopia and Myopic Astigmatism With the VISUMAX 800: 6-Month Outcomes of a Prospective Multi-center Post-market Clinical Follow-up Study.

Purpose: To report the outcomes of small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) using the VISUMAX 800 laser (Carl Zeiss Meditec) in a post-market clinical follow-up study.

Methods: This was a prospective, non-randomized, multi-center, international, post-market clinical follow-up study. The study took place from July 2021 to March 2023 at five sites across Europe and Asia.