Antimicrobial Resistance of for Uncomplicated Cystitis: Korean Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System.

Uncomplicated cystitis is a leading form of bacterial UTI; the most common causative bacterium worldwide is . This internet-based, prospective, multicenter, and national observational study aimed to report the antimicrobial resistance of in patients with uncomplicated cystitis through the use of the Korean Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System (KARMS) in 2023. Data for a total of 654 patients were retrieved from the KARMS database.

2023 Korean sexually transmitted infections guidelines by the Korean Association of Urogenital Tract Infection and Inflammation: Human papillomavirus vaccination.

The Korean Association of Urogenital Tract Infection and Inflammation (KAUTII) and the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency updated the guidelines for human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine against sexually transmitted HPV infections in Korea to respond to changing epidemiologic trends, evolving scientific evidence, and advances in laboratory diagnostics and research. Main purpose and recommendation of vaccination against HPV are as follows: (1) the purpose of HPV vaccine is to reduce the risk of genital warts and HPV-related cancers including cervical and vulvar cancer, head and neck cancer, anal cancer, and penile cancer; (2) in Korea, bivalent (16, 18) vaccines, quadrivalent vaccines (6, 11, 16, 18), and 9-valent vaccines (6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, 58) are used depending on the type of HPV; (3) bivalent and quadrivalent vaccines are national immunizations targeting girls aged 11-12 years and low-income young females aged 18-26 years (age and range of inoculation: routinely administered at 11 or 12 years of age, 2 doses at 0 and 6 months for 12-14 years of age; for females aged 15-26 years, 3 doses depending on the type of vaccine; vaccination can be given to those aged up to 45 years through consultation with a clinician); (4) in the case of administering 2 doses, at least 5 months apart; in the case of administering 3 doses, it is recommended to keep 4 weeks between the 1st and 2nd doses, 12 weeks between the 2nd and 3rd doses, and 5 months between the 1st and 3rd doses; (5) immunocompromised patients such as those with HIV, malignant neoplasms, and autoimmune diseases, and those undergoing transplantation or immunosuppressive therapy should receive 3 doses. HPV vaccine is not recommended during pregnancy.

Survival pattern of metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients according to WHO/ISUP grade: a long-term multi-institutional study.

The World Health Organization/International Society of Urological Pathology (WHO/ISUP) grading of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is classified from grade 1-4, regardless of subtype. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines (2022) state that if there is an adverse pathological feature, such as grade 3 or higher RCC in stage 1 patients, more rigorous follow-up imaging is recommended. However, the RCC guidelines do not provide specific treatment or follow-up policies by tumor grade.

Preventive effects of tamsulosin for postoperative urinary retention after lower limb arthroplasty: A randomized controlled study.

Purpose: This prospective, randomized, controlled study investigated the use of tamsulosin, a selective alpha-blocker, as a prophylactic medication to prevent postoperative urinary retention (POUR) following lower limb arthroplasty.

Materials And Methods: The criterion for diagnosing POUR was used a postoperative bladder volume over 400 mL with incomplete emptying. Patients who underwent primary total hip or knee arthroplasty were randomly assigned at a 1:1 ratio to tamsulosin treatment and non-treatment groups at a single center from September 2018 to November 2018.

Silodosin for Prevention of Ureteral Injuries Resulting from Insertion of a Ureteral Access Sheath: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: The ureteral access sheath (UAS) is an ancillary device widely used by urologists, but acute ureter injury may occur following its insertion. Preoperative selective oral α1-blockers can reduce intraureteral pressure, and prevent ureteral wall injury during UAS insertion.

Objective: To compare perioperative data of patients who underwent flexible ureterorenoscopy (fURS) with UAS with and without premedication with silodosin.

Radioisotope identification using an energy-weighted algorithm with a proof-of-principle radiation portal monitor based on plastic scintillators.

In this study, we validated the feasibility of an energy weighted algorithm that highlights a characteristic area including the Compton edge as a single peak in a proof-of-principle radiation portal monitor system with a plastic scintillator measuring 50 × 100 × 5 cm. We measured the energy weighted spectra with steel shielding and the dynamic movements of the Cs and Co sources. The results showed that the peak locations of each source could be identified under shielded or dynamic motion conditions, each within a maximum difference of 0.

Comparison by Pentafecta Criteria of Transperitoneal and Retroperitoneal Robotic Partial Nephrectomy for Large Renal Tumors.

To compare and analyze surgical and functional outcomes of transperitoneal robotic partial nephrectomy (TRPN) and retroperitoneal robotic partial nephrectomy (RRPN) in localized renal tumors, including ≥4 cm renal masses. Of 566 consecutive patients who underwent robotic partial nephrectomy by a single surgeon from December 2008 through July 2017, records for 523 patients who were preoperatively and 1 year postoperatively evaluated were analyzed for estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Primary endpoint was a comparison of Pentafecta criteria (negative surgical margin, no 30-day complications, warm ischemic time [WIT] ≤25 minutes, return of eGFR to >90% from baseline, and no upstaging of chronic kidney disease) between TRPN and RRPN.

Oncologic Outcomes of Cytoreductive Nephrectomy in Synchronous Metastatic Renal-Cell Carcinoma: A Single-Center Experience.

Purpose: To evaluate the prognostic role of cytoreductive nephrectomy (CN) in patients with synchronous metastatic renal-cell carcinoma (mRCC).

Patients And Methods: We analyzed the electronic medical records of 294 patients with synchronous mRCC treated at Samsung Medical Center from January 2005 to December 2015. Primary and secondary end points were overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS), respectively.

Recurrence rates in pediatric patients undergoing microsurgical subinguinal varicocelectomy with and without testicular delivery.

Background/purpose: The purpose of the study was to determine if testicular delivery during microsurgical subinguinal varicocelectomy (MSV) reduces varicocele recurrence rates in pediatric patients. Testicular delivery during MSV enables ligation of the gubernacular veins, which is thought to reduce the likelihood of varicocele recurrence. However, recent studies have suggested that testicular delivery during MSV does not offer any beneficial effect and, therefore, may be optional or unnecessary.

Ureteral Stent Insertion in the Management of Renal Colic during Pregnancy.

To determine an optimal invasive intervention for renal colic patients during pregnancy after conservative treatments have been found to be unhelpful. Among the available invasive interventions, we investigated the reliability of a ureteral stent insertion, which is considered the least invasive intervention during pregnancy. Between June 2006 and February 2015, a total of 826 pregnant patients came to the emergency room or urology outpatient department, and 39 of these patients had renal colic.

Clinical efficacy of combination therapy with an alpha blocker and low-dose sildenafil on post-therapy lower urinary tract symptoms after low-dose-rate brachytherapy for prostate cancer.

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy of tamsulosin monotherapy and tamsulosin with low-dose sildenafil combination therapy on lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) following low-dose-rate (LDR) brachytherapy in early prostate cancer patients.

Methods: From March 2008 to June 2014, of the 212 prostate cancer patients with a Gleason score ≤7 who received LDR brachytherapy, 80 patients with a prostate volume ≤35 g and progressed LUTS following implantation were selected. All 80 patients took tamsulosin 0.

Validation of energy-weighted algorithm for radiation portal monitor using plastic scintillator.

To prevent illicit tracking of radionuclides, radiation portal monitor (RPM) systems employing plastic scintillators have been used in ports and airports. However, their poor energy resolution makes the discrimination of radioactive material inaccurate. In this study, an energy weight algorithm was validated to determine (133)Ba, (22)Na, (137)Cs, and (60)Co by using a plastic scintillator.

The Youngest Korean Case of Urachal Carcinoma.

Urachal anomalies are relatively uncommon and result from incomplete obliteration of the urachus perinatally. In children, most urachal diseases including urachal cysts and sinuses are benign, and these can sometimes become secondarily infected. Malignant involvement of the urachus is rarely reported, one in 5 million people, accounting for 0.

A Monte Carlo study of an energy-weighted algorithm for radionuclide analysis with a plastic scintillation detector.

Nuisance and false alarms due to naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM) are major problems facing radiation portal monitors (RPMs) for the screening of illicit radioactive materials in airports and ports. Based on energy-weighted counts, we suggest an algorithm that distinguishes radioactive nuclides with a plastic scintillation detector that has poor energy resolution. Our simulation study, using a Monte Carlo method, demonstrated that man-made radionuclides can be separated from NORM by using a conventional RPM.