Effect of β-caryophyllene from Cloves Extract on Eradication in Mouse Model.

New antibacterial treatments against are needed as is acquiring antibiotic resistance. β-caryophyllene is a natural bicyclic sesquiterpene, with anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects. This study investigates the effects of H-002119-00-001 from β-caryophyllene on the eradication of in a mouse model, and its effects on the inflammation of the gastric mucosa.

A Novel Synthetic Compound, YH-1118, Inhibited LPS-Induced Inflammatory Response by Suppressing IkappaB Kinase/NF-kappaB Pathway in Raw 264.7 Cells.

For the search of a potent first-in-class compound to inactivate macrophages responsible for inflammatory responses, in the present study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of YH-1118, a novel synthetic compound, in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated mouse macrophage cell line, Raw 264.7. YH-1118 inhibited LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO) production and inducible NO synthase (iNOS) expression at both the protein and mRNA levels.

Geldanamycin inhibits TGF-beta signaling through induction of Hsp70.

Dysregulation of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) signaling has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a variety of diseases including cancer; therefore, pharmacological inhibitors that target the TGF-beta signaling pathway might be promising drugs for disease therapy. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of inhibition of TGF-beta signaling by the Hsp90 inhibitor geldanamycin (GA). Treatment with GA suppressed TGF-beta signaling, as evidenced by inhibition of TGF-beta-induced phosphorylation and transcriptional activity of Smad3 and decreased induction of target genes.

Negative regulation of Activin/Nodal signaling by SRF during Xenopus gastrulation.

Activin/Nodal signaling is essential for germ-layer formation and axial patterning during embryogenesis. Recent evidence has demonstrated that the intra- or extracellular inhibition of this signaling is crucial for ectoderm specification and correct positioning of mesoderm and endoderm. Here, we analyzed the function of Xenopus serum response factor (XSRF) in establishing germ layers during early development.

Roles of matrix metalloproteinases in tumor metastasis and angiogenesis.

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), zinc dependent proteolytic enzymes, cleave extracellular matrix (ECM: collagen, laminin, firbronectin, etc) as well as non-matrix substrates (growth factors, cell surface receptors, etc). The deregulation of MMPs is involved in many diseases, such as tumor metastasis, rheumatoid arthritis, and periodontal disease. Metastasis is the major cause of death among cancer patients.

Dose effect of oxidative stress on signal transduction in aging.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) during normal metabolism signal cells to stimulate proliferation or to cause cellular damages, depending on a specific concentration. Energy restriction (ER) increases life span in animals, which can explain an effective modulator for reducing oxidative stress. Oxidative stress can result from a decrease in the protection against ROS.

Sustained production of H(2)O(2) activates pro-matrix metalloproteinase-2 through receptor tyrosine kinases/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/NF-kappa B pathway.

A rate-limiting step of tumor cell metastasis is matrix degradation by active matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). It is known that reactive oxygen species are involved in tumor metastasis. Sustained production of H(2)O(2) by phenazine methosulfate (PMS) induced activation of pro-MMP-2 through the induction of membrane type 1-MMP (MT1-MMP) expression in HT1080 cells.