Synthesis of 1-Hydroxy(and 1-Alkoxy, 1-Acyloxy)-1H-indoles and evaluations of their suppressive activities against tumor growth through inhibiting lactate dehydrogenase A.

Inhibition of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) has emerged as a promising cancer therapy strategy due to its essential role in the metabolic transformation of cancer cells. In this study, 53 derivatives of 1-hydroxy(and 1-alkoxy, 1-acyloxy)indoles were designed, synthesized, and biologically evaluated. Several multi-substituted 1-hydroxy(and 1-alkoxy, 1-acyloxy)indole compounds exhibited inhibitory activity against the LDH-A isoform (LDHA).

In Silico Analysis of Pyeongwi-San Involved in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Treatment Using Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and Molecular Dynamics.

Backgound: Pyeongwi-san (PWS) is a widely used formula for treating digestive disorders in Korea and China. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by progressive inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Emerging evidence supports the protective effect of PWS against IBD, but specific mechanisms are still elusive.

Electroacupuncture at GB34 modulates neurogenesis and BDNF-ERK signaling in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease.

Background And Aim: It has been reported that acupuncture at GB34 can enhance neurogenesis in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of mice treated with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). However, the signaling pathway that plays a critical role in neurogenesis needs to be established. Herein, we investigated the neurogenesis-promoting pathway mediated by acupuncture, focusing on extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling.

Houtt. Extract Suppresses Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer by Regulating Inflammation and Tight-Junction Integrity in Mice.

Irritable bowel disease (IBD), which results in an elevated risk of colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC), is characterized by inflammation and barrier disruption of the gut. The genus has anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects, and the roots of Houtt (RJ) have been traditionally used in East Asia to treat digestive problems. We investigated the protective effect of RJ against azoxymethane (AOM)-and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced CAC in C57BL/6N male mice.

Houtt. Protects Dopaminergic Neurons by Regulating Mitochondrial Function and Gut-Brain Axis in In Vitro and In Vivo Models of Parkinson's Disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease worldwide. Houtt. (RJ) has been used to treat gastrointestinal and inflammatory diseases in East Asia.

Korean red ginseng decreases 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium-induced mitophagy in SH-SY5Y cells.

Objective: Mitophagy is known to contribute towards progression of Parkinson's disease. Korean red ginseng (KRG) is a widely used medicinal herb in East Asia, and recent studies have reported that KRG prevents 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP)-induced cell death. This study was undertaken to investigate whether KRG suppresses MPP-induced apoptosis and mitophagy.

Korean red ginseng suppresses 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced inflammation in the substantia nigra and colon.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease involving dopaminergic neuronal death in the substantia nigra (SN); recent studies have shown that interactions between gut and brain play a critical role in the pathogenesis of PD. In this study, the anti-inflammatory effect of Korean red ginseng (KRG) and the changes in gut microbiota were evaluated in a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced PD mouse model. Male nine-week-old C57BL/6 mice were injected intraperitoneally with 30 mg/kg of MPTP at 24-h intervals for 5 days.

Korean Red Ginseng Regulates Intestinal Tight Junction and Inflammation in the Colon of a Parkinson's Disease Mouse Model.

Recent studies have determined that gastrointestinal function contributes to the control of Parkinson's disease (PD). Gastrointestinal dysfunction results in a leaky intestinal barrier, inducing inflammation in the gut. Korean red ginseng (KRG) is widely used for the treatment of numerous afflictions, including inflammation and neurodegenerative disease.

Antibacterial and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Novel Peptide Toxin from the Spider .

The prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria has become an immediate threat to public health. Antimicrobial peptides are attracting attention as a new source of antibiotics due to their ability to prevent drug-resistances with fewer side effects. Spider venom is composed of various bioactive substances with multiple functionalities such as antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects.

Corrigendum: The Hsp90 Inhibitor, Monorden, Is a Promising Lead Compound for the Development of Novel Fungicides.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.

Houtt. alleviates dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis by protecting tight junctions in mice.

Background: Houtt. (RJ) is widely distributed in Korea, Japan, and China. The root of RJ has traditionally been used to treat constipation, jaundice, hematemesis, dysfunctional uterine bleeding, and gastrointestinal diseases.

The Hsp90 Inhibitor, Monorden, Is a Promising Lead Compound for the Development of Novel Fungicides.

Endophytic fungi are great resources for the identification of useful natural products such as antimicrobial agents. In this study, we performed the antifungal screening of various plant endophytic fungi against the dollar spot pathogen and finally selected sp. JS-0112 as a potential biocontrol agent.

Characterization of Venom Components and Their Phylogenetic Properties in Some Aculeate Bumblebees and Wasps.

To identify and compare venom components and expression patterns, venom gland-specific transcriptome analyses were conducted for 14 Aculeate bees and wasps. TPM (transcripts per kilobase million) values were normalized using the average transcription level of a reference housekeeping gene (dimethyladenosine transferase). Orthologous venom component genes across the 14 bee and wasp species were identified, and their relative abundance in each species was determined by comparing normalized TPM values.

extract modulates arterial inflammatory response: a potential therapeutic use for atherosclerosis.

Background/objectives: Vascular inflammation is an important feature in the atherosclerotic process. Recent studies report that leaves and branches of () have antioxidant capacity and exert anti-inflammatory effects. However, no study has reported the regulatory effect of extract on the arterial inflammatory response.

Extract May Alleviate High Glucose-Induced Arterial Damage and Inflammation.

Hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress triggers severe vascular damage and induces an inflammatory vascular state, and is, therefore, one of the main causes of atherosclerosis. Recently, interest in the natural compound has increased because of its reported antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. We investigated whether a extract was capable of attenuating high glucose-induced inflammation and arterial damage using human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (hASMCs).

Impaired Skin Barrier Due to Sebaceous Gland Atrophy in the Latent Stage of Radiation-Induced Skin Injury: Application of Non-Invasive Diagnostic Methods.

Radiation-induced skin injury can take the form of serious cutaneous damage and have specific characteristics. Asymptomatic periods are classified as the latent stage. The skin barrier plays a critical role in the modulation of skin permeability and hydration and protects the body against a harsh external environment.

Biochemical Characterization of a Novel GH86 β-Agarase Producing Neoagarohexaose from G7.

A novel β-agarase, AgaJ5, was identified from an agar-degrading marine bacterium, G7. It belongs to the glycoside hydrolase family 86 and is composed of 805 amino acids with a 30-amino-acid signal peptide. Zymogram analysis showed that purified AgaJ5 has agarase activity.

Anti-Salmonella Activity Modulation of Mastoparan V1-A Wasp Venom Toxin-Using Protease Inhibitors, and Its Efficient Production via an Escherichia coli Secretion System.

A previous study highlighted that mastoparan V1 (MP-V1), a mastoparan from the venom of the social wasp , is a potent antimicrobial peptide against infection, which causes enteric diseases. However, there exist some limits for its practical application due to the loss of its activity in an increased bacterial density and the difficulty of its efficient production. In this study, we first modulated successfully the antimicrobial activity of synthetic MP-V1 against an increased population using protease inhibitors, and developed an secretion system efficiently producing active MP-V1.

Acupuncture alters pro-inflammatory cytokines in the plasma of maternally separated rat pups.

Objective: To investigate the potential alleviating effects of acupuncture on maternal separation (MS)-induced changes in plasma pro-inflammatory cytokine levels of rat pups.

Methods: On postnatal day 15, rat pups were randomly assigned to 4 groups (n=6 per group) using a random number table: normal, MS, MS with acupuncture stimulation at Shenmen (HT 7) acupoint (MS+HT 7), and MS with acupuncture stimulation at Chengshan (BL 57) acupoint (MS+BL 57) groups. Rat pups in the normal group were housed with their mothers under standard conditions; those in the MS, MS+HT 7 and MS+BL 57 groups were maternally separated and individually maintained.

Draft Genome Sequence of NIBRFGC000004109, Which Has Antibacterial Activity against Plant-Pathogenic Bacteria.

The fungus strain NIBRFGC000004109 is capable of producing penicillic acid and showed antibacterial activity against various plant-pathogenic bacteria, including pv. pruni. Here, we report the first draft whole-genome sequence of The assembly comprises 38,414,373 bp, with 12 scaffolds.

Nematicidal activity of grammicin produced by Xylaria grammica KCTC 13121BP against Meloidogyne incognita.

Background: The endolichenic fungus Xylaria grammica KCTC 13121BP showed strong nematicidal activity against Meloidogyne incognita. This study aimed to identify the nematicidal metabolites and to evaluate the efficacy of the strain as a biocontrol agent under pot and field conditions.

Results: Bioassay-guided fractionation and instrumental analyses led to grammicin being identified as the nematicidal metabolite.

Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stromal cells and small intestinal submucosa hydrogel composite promotes combined radiation-wound healing of mice.

Background Aims: Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are a promising agent for treating impaired wound healing, and their therapeutic potential may be enhanced by employing extracellular matrix scaffolds as cell culture scaffolds or transplant cell carriers. Here, we evaluated the effect of human umbilical cord blood-derived (hUCB)-MSCs and a porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS)-derived extracellular matrix scaffold in a combined radiation-wound mouse model of impaired wound healing.

Methods: hUCB-MSCs and SIS hydrogel composite was applied to the excisional wound of whole-body irradiated mice.

Pentoxifylline Regulates Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Expression and Protein Kinase A Phosphorylation in Radiation-Induced Lung Fibrosis.

. Radiation-induced lung fibrosis (RILF) is a serious late complication of radiotherapy. In vitro studies have demonstrated that pentoxifylline (PTX) has suppressing effects in extracellular matrix production in fibroblasts, while the antifibrotic action of PTX alone using clinical dose is yet unexplored.