Mutant pattern of p53 predicts local recurrence and poor survival rate in gastric cancer.

Background: TP53 mutation is a poor prognostic factor for various organ malignancies such as colorectal cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, lung adenocarcinoma and clinical pathologists previously evaluated it using immunohistochemistry for p53. The clinicopathologic significance of p53 expression in gastric cancer remains unclear due to inconsistent classification methods.

Methods: Immunohistochemistry for p53 protein was performed using tissue microarray blocks generated from 725 cases of gastric cancer, and p53 expression was divided into three staining patterns using a semi-quantitative ternary classifier: heterogeneous (wild type), overexpression, and absence (mutant pattern).

Fabrication of a lattice structure with periodic open pores through three-dimensional printing for bone ingrowth.

Lattice structures for implants can be printed using metal three-dimensional (3D)-printing and used as a porous microstructures to enhance bone ingrowth as orthopedic implants. However, designs and 3D-printed products can vary. Thus, we aimed to investigate whether targeted pores can be consistently obtained despite printing errors.

Prospective multicentre randomised clinical trial comparing survival rates, quality of life and nutritional status between advanced gastric cancer patients with different follow-up intensities: study protocol for the STOFOLUP trial.

Introduction: Patients who underwent curative gastrectomy for gastric cancer are regularly followed-up for the early detection of recurrence and postoperative symptom management. However, there is a lack of evidence with regard to proper surveillance intervals and diagnostic tools. This study aims to evaluate whether frequent surveillance tests have a survival benefit or improve the quality of life in patients who underwent curative resection for advanced gastric cancer.

Venous Invasion and Perineural Invasion as Upstaging and Poor Prognostic Factors in N0 Gastric Cancers.

Background/aim: Lymph node metastasis is an important prognostic factor in gastric cancer patients. In node-negative (N0) gastric cancer patients, additional prognostic factors are needed to reinforce TNM staging.

Patients And Methods: We semi-quantitatively recorded the presence of lymphatic, venous, and perineural invasion and evaluated the possibility that they could be used as upstaging factors in N0 gastric cancer by comparing N0 gastric cancer cases with N1 cases.

PRODIGY: A Phase III Study of Neoadjuvant Docetaxel, Oxaliplatin, and S-1 Plus Surgery and Adjuvant S-1 Versus Surgery and Adjuvant S-1 for Resectable Advanced Gastric Cancer.

Purpose: Adjuvant chemotherapy after D2 gastrectomy is standard for resectable locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC) in Asia. Based on positive findings for perioperative chemotherapy in European phase III studies, the phase III PRODIGY study (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01515748) investigated whether neoadjuvant docetaxel, oxaliplatin, and S-1 (DOS) followed by surgery and adjuvant S-1 could improve outcomes versus standard treatment in Korean patients with resectable LAGC.

Reinforcement Effects of Social Network Intervention during Nutritional Supplementation in Frail Older Adults.

Introduction: Chronic undernutrition and a homebound state are corelated and are both important components of frailty. However, whether social network intervention combined with protein supplementation is an effective strategy to prevent functional decline among frail older adults is unclear.

Methods: 150 frail older adults participated in a 3-month, 3-armed, community-based clinical trial and were randomly assigned to one of 3 groups: high-protein supplementation (additional 27 g of protein/day), the Social Nutrition Program (additional 27 g of protein/day and social network intervention), or a control group.

Mapping of microvascular architecture in the brain of an Alzheimer's disease mouse model using MRI.

Increasing evidence suggests that alterations in cerebral microvasculature play a critical role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The objective of this study was to characterize and evaluate the cerebral microvascular architecture of AD transgenic (Tg) mice and compare it with that of non-Tg mice using brain microvascular indices obtained by MRI. Seven non-Tg mice and 10 5xFAD Tg mice were scanned using a 7-T animal MRI system to measure the transverse relaxation rates of R2 and R2* before and after the injection of the monocrystalline iron oxide nanoparticle contrast agent.

Clinicopathological characteristics and outcomes of gastrointestinal stromal tumors with high progranulin expression.

Background & Aims: Progranulin (PGRN) is known to promote tumorigenesis and proliferation of several types of cancer cells. However, little is known about the clinicopathological features of patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) with regard to PGRN expression.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on patients with GISTs who underwent curative surgical resection between 2007 and 2017.

Difference in glenoid retroversion between two-dimensional axial computed tomography and three-dimensional reconstructed images.

Background: The glenoid version of the shoulder joint correlates with the stability of the glenohumeral joint and the clinical results of total shoulder arthroplasty. We sought to analyze and compare the glenoid version measured by traditional axial two-dimensional (2D) computed tomography (CT) and three-dimensional (3D) reconstructed images at different levels.

Methods: A total of 30 cases, including 15 male and 15 female patients, who underwent 3D shoulder CT imaging was randomly selected and matched by sex consecutively at one hospital.

Total length of positive resection margins can predict remnant gastric cancer following endoscopic submucosal dissection.

Background: Prediction of remnant tumor is important in determining subsequent treatment options for gastric cancer patients with positive resection margin (RM) after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD).

Methods: Based on the assumption that pathologic factors, including the length and type of involved RM, could potentially predict residual tumor, we evaluated 451 ESD specimens in patients with early gastric cancer.

Results: Of 408 cases, 37 (9.

Radiological and Clinical Effectiveness of a Novel Calcaneal Fracture Brace after Intra-articular Calcaneal Fracture Surgery.

Background: After calcaneal fracture surgery, a short leg splint and cast are typically applied. However, these restrict joint exercises, which is inconvenient for patients. In addition, there is a risk of complications, such as pressure ulcers or nerve paralysis with a short leg cast.

Clinical Outcomes of Endoscopic Metal Stent Placement for Esophagojejunostomy Leakage After Total Gastrectomy for Gastric Adenocarcinoma.

Objective: Management of esophagojejunostomy leakage (EJL) has a high mortality rate and increases length of hospital stay. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of early postoperative gastroduodenoscopy and stent insertion to control EJL after total gastrectomy for gastric adenocarcinoma.

Patients And Methods: Among 421 patients, 13 exhibited EJL.

Macrolide Resistance and Its Impacts on M. Pneumoniae Pneumonia in Children: Comparison of Two Recent Epidemics in Korea.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the change in macrolide resistance rate in pediatric Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia and to evaluate the influence of macrolide-resistant M. pneumoniae (MRMP) on the clinical course of disease, by comparing 2 recent, consecutive epidemics in Korea.

Methods: A total of 250 patients with M.

Distribution of Human Norovirus in the Coastal Waters of South Korea.

The presence of human norovirus in the aquatic environment can cause outbreaks related to recreational activities and the consumption of norovirus-contaminated clams. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of norovirus genogroups I (GI) and II (GII) in the coastal aquatic environment in South Korea (March 2014 to February 2015). A total of 504 water samples were collected periodically from four coastal areas (total sites = 63), of which 44 sites were in estuaries (clam fisheries) and 19 were in inflow streams.

Trends in Helicobacter pylori eradication rates by first-line triple therapy and related factors in eradication therapy.

Background/aims: Trends in successful eradication of Helicobacter pylori using first-line triple therapy, consisting of a proton pump inhibitor, amoxicillin, and clarithromycin, have been understudied. We evaluated H. pylori eradication rates at a single center over the last 10 years and identified risk factors related to eradication failure.

On Postoperative Day Balloon Angioplasty for Salvage of Newly-Placed, Flow-Limiting Native Arteriovenous Fistula.

Purpose: To report result and usefulness of immediate postoperative balloon angioplasty of de novo arteriovenous fistula (AVF) with limited flow just after creation.

Materials And Methods: From January 1, 2012 to March 31, 2014, 1,270 patients received native AVF creations in a single vascular clinic. In twenty-four patients (1.

Laparoscopic-assisted total gastrectomy versus open total gastrectomy for upper and middle gastric cancer in short-term and long-term outcomes.

Purpose: In recent years, laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy has become the recognized procedure for treatment of early gastric cancer because of improved cosmesis and reduced postoperative pain. However, there are a few reports of laparoscopic-assisted total gastrectomy (LATG) performed for gastric cancer in the upper third or middle third stomach due to the difficulties of surgical techniques and the safety of oncologic short-term and long-term outcomes.

Methods: Between January 2006 and December 2009, 84 patients with upper third or middle third gastric cancer underwent LATG or conventional open total gastrectomy (OTG).

Prognostic factors associated with long-term survival and recurrence in pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Background/aims: It is very important to determine the prognostic factors for pancreatic adenocarcinoma when choosing surgical and conservative management strategies. In this study, we identified prognostic factors for survival and recurrence in patients with histologically proven pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Methodology: Between January 2003 and December 2009, 82 patients with histologically proven pancreatic adenocarcinoma were considered for this study.

Determining the effect of transforming growth factor-β1 on cdk4 and p27 in gastric cancer and cholangiocarcinoma.

Gastric cancer and cholangiocarcinoma are problematic throughout the world due to their destructive malignancy. In attempts to treat cholangiocarcinoma and gastric cancer, researchers often explore the effects of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1). TGF-β1 plays a crucial role in causing cell cycle arrest and fibrosis in cancer cells.

Prognostic significance of quantitative carcinoembryonic antigen and cytokeratin 20 mRNA detection in peritoneal washes of gastric cancer patients.

Background/aims: Peritoneal carcinomatosis is the most common recurrence type in gastric cancer. Disseminated tumor cells derived from serosal invasion may be indicators of early peritoneal seeding and subsequent peritoneal dissemination. Reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) techniques have been introduced to aid in detection of disseminated tumor cells in peritoneal washes, however, use of a single molecular marker lacks adequate sensitivity.

Enhanced A-FABP expression in visceral fat: potential contributor to the progression of NASH.

Background/aims: Adipose tissue is an active endocrine organ that secretes various metabolically important substances including adipokines, which represent a link between insulin resistance and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The factors responsible for the progression from simple steatosis to steatohepatitis remain elusive, but adipokine imbalance may play a pivotal role. We evaluated the expressions of adipokines such as visfatin, adipocyte-fatty-acid-binding protein (A-FABP), and retinol-binding protein-4 (RBP-4) in serum and tissue.

Impact of chronologic age in the elderly with gastric cancer.

Purpose: Although the incidence of gastric cancer has declined in the general population, it is the second most frequent cause of death due to malignancy in the world with its incidence in the elderly increasing as a result of increased life expectancy. This present study tried to find the optimal treatment for patients aged 75 years or older with gastric cancer through comparison of the clinicopathological characteristics, surgical outcomes, and identifying prognostic factors of survival.

Methods: Elderly patients who underwent gastric resection for gastric cancer from January, 1999 to February, 2009 (n = 470) were divided into two groups: very elderly patients, 75 years or older (n = 95), and younger elderly patients, between 65 and 74 years old (n = 365).