PED: A four-quadrant framework for progressive prompt enhancement in 3D interactive medical imaging segmentation.

Interactive segmentation allows active user participation to enhance output quality and resolve ambiguities. This may be especially indispensable to medical image segmentation to address complex anatomy and customization to varying user requirements. Existing approaches often encounter issues such as information dilution, limited adaptability to diverse user interactions, and insufficient response.

Optimizing irrigation and planting strategies to prevent non-point source pollution in the Hetao Irrigation District using SWAT-MODFLOW-RT3D model.

Non-point source (NPS) pollution is a significant issue in the Hetao Irrigation District (HID), affecting local water environment and ecological safety. To explore solutions for managing NPS pollution in the HID, this study establishes the SWAT-MODFLOW-RT3D (SMFR) model based on data from recent years. The results show that the determination coefficient (R) of monthly drainage simulation for both the calibration and validation periods are >0.

Integrative analysis of the transcriptome and metabolome reveals Bacillus atrophaeus WZYH01-mediated salt stress mechanism in maize (Zea mays L.).

Maize is an important food crop that is affected by salt stress during growth, which can hinder plant growth and result in a significant decrease in yield. The application of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria can improve this situation to a certain extent. However, the gene network of rhizosphere-promoting bacteria regulating the response of maize to salt stress remains elusive.

Segment anything model for medical images?

The Segment Anything Model (SAM) is the first foundation model for general image segmentation. It has achieved impressive results on various natural image segmentation tasks. However, medical image segmentation (MIS) is more challenging because of the complex modalities, fine anatomical structures, uncertain and complex object boundaries, and wide-range object scales.

Application of rhizobacteria to improve microbial community structure and maize (Zea mays L.) growth in saline soil.

The utilization of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) has emerged as a prominent focus in contemporary research on soil microbiology, microecology, and plant stress tolerance. However, how PGPR influence the soil bacterial community and related ecological functions remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of three natural PGPR inoculations (YL07, Planococcus soli WZYH02; YL10, Bacillus atrophaeus WZYH01; YL0710, Planococcus soli WZYH02 and Bacillus atrophaeus WZYH01) on maize (Zea mays L.

Effects of multiwalled carbon nanotube and application on crop root zone thermal characteristics of saline farmland.

Presently, the effects of crop roots on crop root zone thermal characteristics are poorly understood, and new fertilizers are rarely considered from the perspective of changing crop root zone thermal characteristics. This study explored the effect of applying two new fertilizers, multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and (B. atrophaeus), on the crop root zone thermal characteristics of saline farmland soils through in situ measurements.

The effects of multiwalled carbon nanotubes and treatments on the salt tolerance of maize seedlings.

Nanomaterials, including multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), have been recently applied in agriculture to improve stress resistance, leading to contradictory findings for antioxidant responses and mineral nutrient uptake. A pot experiment involving maize in low-salinity sandy loam soils was conducted with the application of different concentrations (0, 20, 50 mg/L) of MWCNTs and the growth-promoting rhizobacterium (). The dose-dependent effects of MWCNTs were confirmed: 20 mg/L MWCNTs significantly promoted the accumulation of osmolytes in maize, particularly K in the leaves and roots, increased the leaf indoleacetic acid content, decreased the leaf abscisic acid content; but the above-mentioned promoting effects decreased significantly in 50 mg/L MWCNTs-treated plants.

Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Ultrasound Diagnosis on Infant Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip Under Constrained Computational Resources.

Objectives: Ultrasound (US) is important for diagnosing infant developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). However, the accuracy of the diagnosis depends heavily on expertise. We aimed to develop a novel automatic system (DDHnet) for accurate, fast, and robust diagnosis of DDH.

WZYH01 and WZYH02 Improve Salt Tolerance of Maize ( L.) in Saline Soil.

With the increasing shortage of land resources and people's attention to the ecological environment, the application of microbial fertilizer with natural soil microorganisms as the main component has attracted increasing attention in saline agriculture. In this study, two salt-tolerant strains, YL07 () and YL10 (), were isolated from maize ( L.) rhizosphere soil with a saturated conductivity (EC) of 6.

Regional estimation of net anthropogenic nitrogen inputs (NANI) and the relationships with socioeconomic factors.

Human activities have strongly influenced nitrogen loads; thus, the accurate evaluation of net anthropogenic nitrogen input (NANI) is very important for developing countermeasures to control N pollution. The spatiotemporal distribution and main components of NANI at the city scale in Hubei Province in 2008-2018 were analyzed using the NANI model. Furthermore, the relationships between NANI and socioeconomic factors, namely, the gross industrial output value per unit area (GIOV), gross agricultural output value per unit area (GAOV), grain yield per unit area (GY), fertilizer consumption density (FCD), population density (PD), and cultivated land area per unit area (CLA), were further analyzed.

Lower Trabecular Bone Score and Spine Bone Mineral Density Are Associated With Bone Stress Injuries and Triad Risk Factors in Collegiate Athletes.

Introduction: Determinants of bone health and injury are important to identify in athletes. Bone mineral density (BMD) is commonly measured in athletes with Female Athlete Triad (Triad) risk factors; the trabecular bone score (TBS) has been proposed to predict fracture risk independent of BMD. Evaluation of TBS and spine BMD in relation bone stress injury (BSI) risk has not been studied in female collegiate athletes.

Early life factors are associated with risk for eosinophilic esophagitis diagnosed in adulthood.

Early life exposures have been associated with pediatric eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE), but it is unknown if a similar association is present in adults. We aimed to assess the association between early life risk factors and development of EoE in adulthood. To do this, we conducted a case-control study which was nested within a prospective cohort study of adults undergoing outpatient endoscopy.

An integrated electronic health record-based workflow to improve management of colonoscopy-generated pathology results.

Purpose: Managing and communicating colonoscopy-generated pathology results and appropriate follow-up recommendations can be challenging. To improve this process, we developed and implemented a standardized electronic health record-based intervention with built-in decision support.

Methods: Fourteen attending endoscopists performed enough colonoscopies to qualify for the study.

Sport and Triad Risk Factors Influence Bone Mineral Density in Collegiate Athletes.

Purpose: Athletes in weight-bearing sports may benefit from higher bone mineral density (BMD). However, some athletes are at risk for impaired BMD with female athlete triad (Triad). The purpose of this study is to understand the influence of sports participation and Triad on BMD.

Mathematical model of ammonium nitrogen transport with overland flow on a slope after polyacrylamide application.

The nutrient loss caused by soil erosion is the main reason for soil degradation and environmental pollution, and polyacrylamide (PAM) as a common soil amendment has a great influence on runoff and erosion processes at the slope. In order to investigate the mechanism of nutrient transport with runoff, a field experiment was conducted and a simple mathematical model was developed in this study. Four PAM application rates (0, 1, 2, and 4 g·m) and two rainfall intensities (50 and 80 mm·h) were applied in the field experiment.

Corrigendum: Accuracy and Safety of the Cytosponge for Assessing Histologic Activity in Eosinophilic Esophagitis: A Two-Center Study.

This corrects the article DOI: 10.1038/ajg.2017.

Accuracy and Safety of the Cytosponge for Assessing Histologic Activity in Eosinophilic Esophagitis: A Two-Center Study.

Objectives: Management of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) requires repeated endoscopic mucosal sampling to assess disease activity. A less invasive and expensive means of monitoring of EoE is required. The objective of this study was to assess the accuracy, safety, and tolerability of the cytosponge compared to endoscopy and biopsy for histologic assessment of EoE.

[Comparing the value of ecological protection in Sanjiang Plain wetland, Northeast China based on the stated preference method.].

Stated preference method is usually used to evaluate the non-market value of environmental goods which includes contingent valuation method (CVM) and choice experiments (CE). In this paper, stated preference method was adopted to evaluate the non-market value of Sanjiang Plain wetland. A willingness to pay (WTP) evaluation model of stated preference method was constructed based on the random utility theory.

Assessment of sex differences in bone deficits among adolescents with anorexia nervosa.

Objective: The objective of this study was to compare sex differences in bone deficits among adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN) and to identify other correlates of bone health.

Method: Electronic medical records of all patients 9-20 years of age with a DSM-5 diagnosis of AN who were evaluated by the eating disorders program at Stanford with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) between March 1997 and February 2011 were retrospectively reviewed. Whole body bone mineral content Z-scores and bone mineral density (BMD) Z-scores at multiple sites were recorded using the Bone Mineral Density in Childhood Study (BMDCS) reference data.