Prevalence of extended spectrum beta lactamase producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae urinary isolates in a tertiary care hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal.

Background: Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae are the major bacterial pathogens being isolated and reported from mid stream urine (MSU) specimens, globally. These uropathogens are mostly implicated as the major extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producers, severely limiting the therapeutic management in cases of urinary tract infections. Limited studies had been reported from Nepal investigating the ESBL producers among uropathogens.

Typhoid fever: a massive, single-point source, multidrug-resistant outbreak in Nepal.

Background: In the summer of 2002, a total of 5963 cases of typhoid fever were recorded in Bharatpur, Nepal (population, 92,214) during a 7-week period. A team from the Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences in Bangkok, Thailand, and the CIWEC Travel Medicine Clinic (Kathmandu, Nepal) assisted the Nepal National Public Health Laboratory (Kathmandu, Nepal) in the further investigation of this large, explosive febrile disease outbreak.

Methods: Investigators conducted a thorough epidemiologic and laboratory investigation to assess the size and scope of the outbreak.