Nanoparticle based tailoring of adjuvant function: the role in vaccine development.

Vaccination is one of the most powerful therapeutic tools for prevention and management of various infective and non-infective diseases including malignancy. Mass vaccination is a great strategy for eradicating major infectious diseases throughout the world like small pox. Application of nanotechnology for antigen delivery is a unique area of research and development which can change the vaccination strategy and policy in future.

Fabrication of nanoadjuvant with poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) for developing a single-shot vaccine providing prolonged immunity.

Purpose: The aim of the study was to load a model antigen, tetanus toxoid (TT), in poly-ε-caprolactone nanoparticles (PCL NPs) of two size ranges, ie, mean 61.2 nm (small) and 467.6 nm (large), and study its effect on macrophage polarization as well as antigen presentation in human monocyte-derived macrophages in vitro, along with humoral and cell-mediated immune (CMI) response generated in Swiss albino mice following immunization with the TT-loaded NPs.