CTLA-4 Genetic Variants (rs11571317 and rs3087243): Role in Susceptibility and Progression of Breast Cancer.

Background: Dysfunctional regulation at immune checkpoints may lead to escape of the tumor cells and gives a scope to set in the unresolved Breast cancer (BC). The major anti-tumor retort is cell-mediated response which involves T lymphocytes. CTLA-4 (Cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated protein-4) with immune suppressive function and tolerance is associated with various autoimmune diseases and cancers including BC.

In vivo comparison of cavity disinfection efficacy with APF gel, Propolis, Diode Laser, and 2% chlorhexidine in primary teeth.

Background: The survival of atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) restorations would be enhanced if near total elimination of cariogenic microorganisms could be done in the process of cavity cleaning before placing a restoration. Thus, use of disinfecting agents for achieving this goal could herald a new beginning in the field of contemporary dentistry.

Aim: To assess and compare the cavity disinfection efficacy of APF gel, Brazilian Propolis, Diode Laser, and 2% chlorhexidine (CHX).

Clinical Evaluation of Low Level Diode Laser Application For Primary Teeth Pulpotomy.

Introduction: Inspite of latest advances in the materials and techniques practiced for the treatment of pulpally infected teeth with better reported success rate, still the question arises for safety and effectiveness of these medicaments.

Aim: The objective of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of the Low Level Laser Therapy to Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) when used for pulpotomy in vital human primary molars.

Materials And Methods: The sample consisted of 40 primary molars from 29 children aged four to seven years.

Effectiveness of two flavored topical anesthetic agents in reducing injection pain in children: a comparative study.

Unlabelled: Topical anesthesia is widely advocated in pediatric dentistry practice to reduce pain and anxiety produced by administration of local anesthesia. There are different combinations of topical anesthetic agents that are marketed worldwide. However, sparse literature reports exist regarding clinical efficacy of these agents.

Oligodontia associated with osteopetrosis: a rare case report.

Osteopetrosis is a descriptive term that refers to a group of rare hereditary disorders of the skeleton characterized by increased density of the bones. It was first described in 1904 by Albers-Schonberg, a German radiologist. This disease varies greatly in its presentation and severity ranging from neonatal onset with life threatening conditions such as bone marrow failure to incidental finding of osteopetrosis on radiographs.

Morphological characteristics of primary dentition in children of Chennai and Hyderabad.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the morphological characteristics of deciduous teeth of children in Chennai and Hyderabad, by establishing normal data on the mesiodistal and buccolingual crown dimensions in 3-5 year old children.

Materials And Methods: Study casts of 200 children (100 boys and 100 girls) from two groups (Chennai and Hyderabad) were used in this study. Digital caliper was used to measure the mesiodistal and buccolingual dimensions.

Dental arch dimensions in primary dentition of children aged three to five years in Chennai and Hyderabad.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the arch dimensions in primary dentition of 3-5 years old children in Chennai and Hyderabad. As no primary to the mixed dentition and determining the existence of sexual dimorphism.

Methods: Children were selected fro various schools of both Chennai and Hyderabad, with complte set of primary dentition.

Transient small bowel intussusceptions: ultrasound findings and clinical significance.

Purpose: To study the ultrasound (US) findings and clinical significance of transient small bowel intussusceptions (TSBI) in adults and children.

Methods: Clinical records and US findings of 108 consecutive patients of intestinal intussusception diagnosed on US between August 1995 and August 2004 were reviewed. In all cases, the length, diameter, wall thickness and color Doppler study of the bowel segment involved in intussusception were evaluated.

Ultrasound in the diagnosis of typhoid fever.

Objectives: To establish the efficacy of ultrasound (US) of the abdomen as a diagnostic test in Typhoid. To determine the ultrasound diagnostic criteria in cases of Typhoid.

Methods: The Widal test is the most commonly used method of detecting Typhoid fever, but does not provide results until a week after onset of fever due to the need for enough antibodies to develop to render a positive result.

Evaluation of physiological and behavioral measures in relation to dental anxiety during sequential dental visits in children.

Anxiety is a special variety of fear, experienced in anticipation of threatening stimuli. While some research workers have said that the response of a child improves with the number of visits, many have felt otherwise. The present study is yet another effort to find the patterns of anxiety in children during sequential dental visits.

Anaerobic treatment of wastewater with high suspended solids from a bulk drug industry using fixed film reactor (AFFR).

Studies were carried out on the treatment of wastewater from a bulk drug industry using an anaerobic fixed film reactor (AFFR) designed and fabricated in the laboratory. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total dissolved solids (TDS) of the wastewater were found to be very high with low biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) to COD ratio and high total suspended solid (TSS) concentration. Acclimatization of seed consortia and startup of the reactor was carried out by directly using the wastewater, which resulted in reducing the period of startup to 30 days.

Anaerobic treatment of wastewater with high suspended solids from a bulk drug industry using fixed film reactor (AFFR).

Studies are carried out on the treatment of wastewater from a bulk drug industry using an anaerobic fixed film reactor (AFFR) designed and fabricated in the laboratory. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total dissolved solids (TDS) of the wastewater are found to be very high with low Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) to COD ratio and high total suspended solid (TSS) concentration. Acclimatization of seed consortia and start up of the reactor is carried out by directly using the wastewater, which resulted in reducing the period of startup to 30 days.

Treatment of simulated Reactive Yellow 22 (azo) dye effluents using Spirogyra species.

The potential of commonly available green algae belonging to Spirogyra species was investigated as viable biomaterials for biological treatment of simulated synthetic azo dye (Reactive Yellow 22) effluents. The results obtained from the batch experiments revealed the ability of the algal species in removing the dye colour and was dependent both on the dye concentration and algal biomass. Maximum dye colour removal was observed on the third day for all the system conditions.

Adsorptive removal of direct azo dye from aqueous phase onto coal based sorbents: a kinetic and mechanistic study.

This communication presents the results pertaining to the investigation conducted on color removal of trisazo direct dye, C.I. Direct Brown 1:1 by adsorption onto coal based sorbents viz.