β-catenin attenuation by a mefloquine-loaded core-shell nano emulsion strategy to suppress liver cancer cells.

Liver cancer, with its robust metastatic propensity, imposes a substantial global health burden of around 800 000 new cases annually. Mutations in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway genes are common in liver cancer, driving over 80% of cases. Targeting this pathway could potentially lead to better treatments.

Effect of seasonal dynamics on microplastic pollution and its vectorization of heavy metals: An in-vitro toxicity assessment in Artemia franciscana.

This study extensively investigated the abundance of microplastics in Thiruvottiyur coastal area of Chennai, India, before and after Cyclone Michaung. The results demonstrated a significant correlation between microplastic distribution and aftermath rainfall. The concentration of microplastics in sediments increased from 150 ± 48 particles kg to 186 ± 21 particles kg after the cyclone.

Functionalized Nanomaterials In Pancreatic Cancer Theranostics And Molecular Imaging.

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most fatal malignancies in the world. This lethality persists due to lack of effective and efficient treatment strategies. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive epithelial malignancy which has a high incidence rate and contributes to overall cancer fatalities.

Investigating the impact of nanoplastics in altering the efficacy of clarithromycin antibiotics through In vitro studies.

Plastics have significant global implications due to their environmental contamination from extensive use and improper disposal. Among plastic particles, nanoplastics (<1 μm) pose notable risks to organisms and ecosystems due to their high surface area, reactivity, and potential to carry environmental pollutants. This study explores the interaction between polystyrene nanoplastics (PSNPs) and clarithromycin (CLA), a broad-spectrum antibiotic, focusing on their combined impact on insulin (INS) and antibiotic-resistant (AMR) bacteria.

A comprehensive review on the adverse effect of microplastics in the gastrointestinal system of sp.

Microplastic waste in aquatic environments can lead to the mortality of large marine creatures, as it increases the risk of entanglement, strangulation, and starvation. Even though micro- and nano-plastics pose a hidden threat, researchers still know little about them. The food source is an essential factor in gut microbial diversity.

Tailored-Biomaterials Based Potential Strategies for Cardiovascular Disease.

Cardiovascular disease is a significant health concern worldwide, and varied effective treatment and prevention methods have been developed. Among these, tailored biomaterials-based strategies such as stents, scaffolds, patches, and drug delivery systems have emerged as a promising avenue. These devices are designed to match the mechanical and biological mechanisms of the cardiovascular system, ensuring optimal performance and compatibility.

Essential oil nanoemulsion: An emerging eco-friendly strategy towards mosquito control.

Mosquito borne diseases are impeding to human health due to their uncontrolled proliferation. Various commercial insecticides currently used become ineffective due to the resistance acquired by mosquitoes. It is necessary and a priority to combat mosquito population.

Synergistic impact of nanoplastics and nanopesticides on and toxicity analysis.

Polystyrene nanoplastics (PSNPs) when exposed to nanopermethrin (NPER) exacerbate toxicity on . In the environment, NPs act as a vector for other pollutants mainly heavy metals and pesticides. Nanopesticides are efficient compared to their bulk form.

Investigating the Impact of First-Line Anti-Tuberculosis Drugs Encapsulated in a Eugenol-Based Nanoemulsion on Human Serum Albumin.

Background: Eugenol exhibits broad-spectrum antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. However, cytotoxicity at high concentrations limits the full utilization of eugenol-based drug complexes. Formulations of multidrug-loaded eugenol-based nanoemulsions have reduced cytotoxicity; however, it remains crucial to understand how these eugenol complexes interact with primary human carrier proteins to design and develop therapeutic alternatives.

Surface functionalization, particle size and pharmaceutical co-contaminant dependent impact of nanoplastics on marine crustacean - .

Despite a significant amount of research on micronanoplastics (MNPs), there is still a gap in our understanding of their function as transporters of other environmental pollutants (known as the Trojan horse effect) and the combined effects of ingestion, bioaccumulation, and toxicity to organisms. This study examined the individual effects of polystyrene nanoplastics (PSNPs) with various surface functionalizations (plain (PS), carboxylated (PS-COOH), and aminated (PS-NH)), particle sizes (100 nm and 500 nm), and a pharmaceutical co-contaminant (metformin hydrochloride (MH), an anti-diabetic drug) on the marine crustacean - . The study specifically aimed to determine if MH alters the detrimental effects of PSNPs on .

The impact of nanomaterials on autophagy across health and disease conditions.

Autophagy, a catabolic process integral to cellular homeostasis, is constitutively active under physiological and stress conditions. The role of autophagy as a cellular defense response becomes particularly evident upon exposure to nanomaterials (NMs), especially environmental nanoparticles (NPs) and nanoplastics (nPs). This has positioned autophagy modulation at the forefront of nanotechnology-based therapeutic interventions.

Interaction of eugenol-based anti-tuberculosis nanoemulsion with bovine serum albumin: A spectroscopic study including Rifampicin, Isoniazid, Pyrazinamide, and Ethambutol.

Tuberculosis (TB), a deadly infectious disease, is primarily caused by the bacterium . The misuse of antibiotics has led to the development of drug resistance, prompting researchers to explore new technologies to combat multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis (MDR TB). Phospholipid-based nanotherapeutics, such as nanoemulsions, are gaining traction as they enhance drug solubility, stability, and bioavailability.

A combined toxicological impact on Artemia salina caused by the presence of dust particles, microplastics from cosmetics, and paracetamol.

Environmental pollution poses a significant and pressing threat to the overall well-being of aquatic ecosystems in modern society. This study showed that pollutants like dusts from AC filter, fan wings and Traffic dust PM 2.5 were exposed to Artemia salina in pristine form and in combination.

How Precise are Nanomedicines in Overcoming the Blood-Brain Barrier? A Comprehensive Review of the Literature.

New nanotechnology strategies for enhancing drug delivery in brain disorders have recently received increasing attention from drug designers. The treatment of neurological conditions, including brain tumors, stroke, Parkinson's Disease (PD), and Alzheimer's disease (AD), may be greatly influenced by nanotechnology. Numerous studies on neurodegeneration have demonstrated the effective application of nanomaterials in the treatment of brain illnesses.

Microplastic interactions in the agroecosystems: methodological advances and limitations in quantifying microplastics from agricultural soil.

The instantaneous growth of the world population is intensifying the pressure on the agricultural sector. On the other hand, the critical climate changes and increasing load of pollutants in the soil are imposing formidable challenges on agroecosystems, affecting productivity and quality of the crops. Microplastics are among the most prevalent pollutants that have already invaded all terrestrial and aquatic zones.

Naturally weathered polypropylene microplastic from environment and its toxic behaviour in Artemia salina.

The increasing use of polypropylene (PP) in consumer products leads to the microplastic (PP MPs) contamination of the aquatic ecosystems. Comprehensive toxicological studies of weathered/aged and new PP MPs with Artemia salina are a need of the hour. Our study explores the toxicological differences between naturally weathered (aged) and prepared new PP MPs on Artemia salina.

Adsorption of clarithromycin on polystyrene nanoplastics surface and its combined adverse effect on serum albumin.

Emerging contaminants, such as antibiotics and nanoplastics, have garnered significant attention due to their potential adverse effects on diverse ecosystems. Antibiotic adsorption on the surface of nanoplastics potentially facilitates their long-range transport, leading to the synergistic effects of the complex. This research aims to examine the adsorption behavior of clarithromycin binding with polystyrene nanoplastics surface as well as their interaction between drug adsorbed polystyrene nanoplastics with serum albumin.

Assessment of polystyrene nano plastics effect on human salivary α-amylase structural alteration: Insights from an in vitro and in silico study.

The study found that the enzyme activity of human salivary α-amylase (α-AHS) was competitively inhibited by nanoplastic polystyrene (PS-NPs), with a half-inhibitory concentration (IC) of 92 μg/mL, while the maximum reaction rate (V) remained unchanged at 909 μg/mL•min. An increase in the concentration of PS-NPs led to a quenching of α-AHS fluorescence with a slight red shift, indicating a static mechanism. The binding constant (K) and quenching constant (K) were calculated to be 2.

Surface interaction of vancomycin with polystyrene microplastics and its effect on human serum albumin.

Microplastics have a well-documented ability to adsorb various chemicals and contaminants found in the environment. By similar mechanisms, when medicines are stored in plastic packaging, the leaching of plastics into the contents poses the risk of possible toxicity and decreased drug efficacy. The work thus examines the presence of two categories of anthropogenic materials - microplastics (MPs) and medications - with their possible combined effects and fate in biological systems.

Micro-nanoemulsion and nanoparticle-assisted drug delivery against drug-resistant tuberculosis: recent developments.

Tuberculosis (TB) is a major global health problem and the second most prevalent infectious killer after COVID-19. It is caused by () and has become increasingly challenging to treat due to drug resistance. The World Health Organization declared TB a global health emergency in 1993.

Unveiling the Modification of Esterase-like Activity of Serum Albumin by Nanoplastics and Their Cocontaminants.

Nanoplastics and other cocontaminants have raised concerns due to their widespread presence in the environment and their potential to enter the food chain. The harmful effects of these particles depend on various factors, such as nanoparticle size, shape, surface charge, and the nature of the cocontaminants involved. On entering the human body, human serum albumin (HSA) molecules bind and transport these particles in the blood system.

Polystyrene microplastics interaction and influence on the growth kinetics and metabolism of tilapia gut probiotic ACS1.

Gut probiotic bacteria play a significant role in the host health, immunity, and survival. In aquaculture, changes in the gut microbiome of fishes affect the overall productivity and product quality. In the scenario of growing plastic pollution and associated microplastic prevalence, the current study was designed to investigate the interactions and impact of prepared polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) of irregular surface morphology on a probiotic bacteria ACS1, isolated from the gut of (commonly called as Tilapia).

Polystyrene nanoplastics alter the ecotoxicological effects of diclofenac on freshwater microalgae .

Due to the escalating risk of plastic pollution, nanoplastics have attracted considerable attention in the recent past. They can co-exist and interact with other contaminants like pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment. Therefore, it is pertinent to understand how these pollutants interact with one another in the ecosystem.

Journey of micronanoplastics with blood components.

The entry of micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) into the human body is inevitable. They enter blood circulation through ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact by crossing the gut-lung-skin barrier (the epithelium of the digestive tract, the respiratory tract, and the cutaneous layer). There are many reports on their toxicities to organs and tissues.

Prepared microplastics interaction with Artemia salina under low pH conditions representing ocean acidification; a simulated environmental exposure.

Ocean acidification and microplastic pollution are two of the major ecological concerns. The distribution of large quantities of plastic debris and microplastics all across the oceans emphasises the need to determine the influence of microplastics in ocean acidification and to evaluate its concomitant toxicological effects on aquatic life forms. Studies on the combined impact of both the stressors are very limited, but much needed in the current scenario.