Publications by authors named "Chandrasekar P"

Achromobacter xylosoxidans is an uncommon nosocomial pathogen known to cause many serious infections. A 69-year-old woman with diabetes mellitus and chronic renal failure was admitted with pulmonary edema. The patient developed fever and pulmonary infiltrate with bilateral pleural effusions while she was on a respirator in the intensive care unit.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

An analysis of data on 45 intravenous drug abusers treated for skeletal infection in 1982-1983 is presented. Eighty percent of patients were younger than 40 years old. None had any serious underlying illnesses.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Available data on the characteristics of infections in different types of ICUs are limited. Between May and July 1984, overall infection rates of patients in the ICUs and in the general wards at the Detroit Receiving Hospital were 19.2% and 9.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The in vitro activity of coumermycin, fusidic acid, cotrimoxazole, and vancomycin was determined by broth microdilution assay against 33 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) clinical isolates from the Detroit Receiving Hospital, Detroit, Mich. Coumermycin was the most active drug tested, while fusidic acid, vancomycin, and cotrimoxazole also had good activity. The four antimicrobials were tested in vivo against 7 strains of MRSA employing the mouse protection model.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

A 42-year-old man who used intravenous drugs had oral candidiasis and weight loss. Careful examination led to a diagnosis of AIDS. The patient subsequently died of disseminated cryptococcosis, systemic candidiasis, and polymicrobial bacteremia.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Group G streptococci were isolated from various clinical sites in 64 patients hospitalized between 1979 and 1983. Oropharyngeal and wound infections occurred most commonly, although some of these isolates represented colonization. Ten patients had serious infections including five with endocarditis.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

In-vitro activities of cefpirome (HR 810), a fourth generation cephalosporin, and teicoplanin were compared with those of ampicillin, piperacillin, and vancomycin against 56 clinical isolates of enterococci. Cefpirome had good activity with the MIC90 and MBC90 being 4 and 16 mg/l. Ampicillin and piperacillin had MBC90 of 4 and 16 mg/l.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

We treated 12 adult patients who had gram-negative bacillary meningitis with cefotaxime administered intravenously at a dose of 2 g every 4 hours. The etiological organisms included Haemophilus influenzae (3 cases), Serratia marcescens (3 cases), Klebsiella pneumoniae (3 cases), Escherichia coli (2 cases), and Enterobacter (1 case). The infection followed a neurosurgical procedure in 6 cases.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

A healthy, 27-year-old man had development of a maculopapular, pustular rash due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa, serotype 0:4, after bathing in a hot tub. Two persons sharing the same tub manifested a similar rash. In the first patient, the eruption was distributed mainly over the back, buttocks, and upper arms, appearing abruptly within 24 to 72 hours after use of the hot tub.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Fourteen adults, three recovering from bacterial meningitis, were given a single 2 g dose of ceftriaxone or three 2 g doses at 12-hourly intervals. The mean per cent penetration of drug into cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) across uninflamed meninges was 1.5%.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Patients were given aztreonam (SQ 26,776) parenterally for the treatment of various gram-negative infections. During or shortly after therapy, 8 (17.8%) of 45 patients became infected with or colonized by enterococcus.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Cefmenoxime, a new semisynthetic third-generation cephalosporin, was evaluated in 105 patients (45 men and 60 women) with the following infections: skin or skin structure (33), pulmonary (22), urinary tract (30), and septicemia (20). Forty-two infections were hospital-acquired, 85 patients had underlying diseases, 29 patients required concomitant surgery, and 32 patients had positive results of blood culture. Cefmenoxime dosages ranged from 4 to 12 g per day intravenously for one and a half to 51 days.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The in-vitro activity of various antimicrobial agents against 61 clinical isolates (35 group G streptococci and 26 group C streptococci) was studied. Penicillin, cephalothin and vancomycin were the most active agents with MIC90 values of 0.03, 0.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Activity of eleven antimicrobial agents against methicillin-, methicillin- and rifampin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was studied using a microtiter broth dilution technique. Coumermycin was the most active agent. Vancomycin, rifampin, fusidic acid and N-formimidoyl-thienamycin showed excellent activity against methicillin-resistant St.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The efficacy of cefoxitin, mezlocillin, latamoxef and metronidazole in anaerobic lung infection was studied using a rabbit model. A mixture of Bacteroides fragilis, Peptococcus morbillorum, Eubacterium lentum and Fusobacterium nucleatum was inoculated transtracheally to produce infection within the lung. Mezlocillin was most effective, achieving bacteriologic cure in 5 out of 8 animals.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Cefsulodin was the most active of the cephalosporins and exhibited 4-16 times more activity than carbenicillin or ticarcillin against 50 clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Azlocillin and piperacillin showed good activity, while tobramycin was the most effective aminoglycoside. The activity of cefsulodin was unaltered by increases in inocula, but resistance was induced easily.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The inhibitory and bactericidal activities of ceftazidime, cefoperazone, ceftriaxone, piperacillin, and five aminoglycosides were determined against 50 tobramycin-susceptible and 25 multidrug-resistant isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Ceftazidime was the most active beta-lactam and tobramycin the most active aminoglycoside. The combination of piperacillin and tobramycin was synergistic in most cases.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The penetration of cefmenoxime, a newly-developed cephalosporin, across non-inflamed meninges was studied in 12 volunteers undergoing elective myelograms. Patients received 30 mg/kg of cefmenoxime intravenously every 6 h for three doses. Trough and peak serum levels were drawn just prior to and immediately after the last dose.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

A 45-year-old man was admitted to the Government General Hospital, Madras, India, for Prinzmetal's angina. His condition was not responding to the combined treatment of isosorbide dinitrate and propranolol hydrochloride he had been taking one week before admission to the hospital. During his stay in the intensive care unit, 23 episodes of ST-segment elevation occurred.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The efficacy, toxicity, microbiology and pharmacology of cefoxitin and mezlocillin were compared in a clinical and laboratory study. In 81 patients treated with cefoxitin and 83 treated with mezlocillin, clinical and bacteriological cures were achieved in 79.2% and 85.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF