Mitigation of quorum sensing mediated virulence factors of : the role of Meldrum's acid activated furan.

The rapid emergence of drug resistant pathogens is a major threat which has warranted the development of alternative strategies to combat infectious diseases. In this work, we have tested the anti-virulent activity of Meldrum's acid activated furan (MAF) and 1,3-dimethyl barbituric acid activated furan (BAF) against and . It was found that MAF significantly reduced the violacein production and biofilm formation of at sub-inhibitory concentrations.

A Perspective on Theatre Efficiency in Terms of Theatre Utilisation and Theatre Costs and the Effects of Infection Control Protocols on These During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background and aim The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a significant impact on healthcare systems. Several local infection control methods were put in place, which have now evolved and continued in some form or the other. According to various research, as the time duration for distinct phases in the pathway rose, trauma theatre efficiency reduced.

Influence of COVID-19 Protocols on the Efficiency of Trauma Theater: Retrospective Observational Study.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has influenced health care delivery significantly. Numerous studies have highlighted that trauma theater efficiency has decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic; however, there is limited information as to exactly which stage of the patient theater journey is causing this decreased efficiency and whether efficiency can be improved. In the trauma theater of Warrington Hospital, United Kingdom, we have attempted to maintain trauma theater efficiency despite the requirement for increased infection control.

Compliance With the Cauda Equina Pathway: Results of a Closed-Loop Audit.

Introduction The British Association of Spine Surgeons (BASS) and Society of British Neurological Surgeons (SBNS) recommend urgent MRI imaging and operative intervention in patients with suspected cauda equina syndrome (CES). Due to the lack of a 24-hour MRI service and the centralisation of neurosurgery to large tertiary centres, there is a need for an evidence-based protocol for the referral of patients presenting with back pain, with red flags to specialist tertiary neurosurgical centres. Methods The standard operating procedure (SOP) at our local hospital outlines steps in the assessment, triage and onward referral of patients presenting with symptoms of acute CES.

Locked the Car, Why Not the Computer: A Qualitative and Quantitative Study on Data Safety Compliance.

Information technology has become an integral part of health care in the United Kingdom National Health Service (NHS). All health care professionals are required to have a certain level of cyber ethics and knowledge of computers. This is assured by regular mandatory training.

Can the Surgical Approach to Total Knee Arthroplasty Influence Early Postoperative Outcomes? - A Comparative Study between Trivector and Medial Parapatellar Approaches.

Background: Trivector approach to total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a quadriceps tendon sparing approach, whereas the medial parapatellar (MPP) approach involves making a longitudinal incision in quadriceps tendon. We postulated that quadriceps-sparing approach such as trivector should make postoperative rehabilitation easier and ultimately reduce the length of hospital stay.

Objectives: The aim of the study is to compare the early postoperative outcomes of the TKA performed through the trivector and the MPP approaches.

Relapse prevention with levomilnacipran ER in adults with major depressive disorder: A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

Background: Levomilnacipran extended release (ER) is a serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor approved for major depressive disorder (MDD) in adults. This study was designed to evaluate relapse prevention with levomilnacipran ER in patients with MDD.

Methods: Patients (≥18 years) with MDD (N = 644) received 20 weeks of open-label treatment with levomilnacipran ER 40, 80, or 120 mg/d (8 weeks flexible dosing; 12 weeks fixed dosing).

Outcomes of internal fixation of intracapsular hip fractures using dynamic locking plate system (Targon FN).

Background: Targon FN locking plate system for intracapsular fracture fixation provides superior rotational stability and been found to reduce rate of complications and improve patients' outcomes. We aim to review the clinical outcomes of Targon FN system in our unit.

Methods: retrospective consecutive study of patients with intracapsular hip fractures treated with Targon locking plate with a minimum 18 months follow up.

A Phase 3, Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study of Vilazodone in Adolescents with Major Depressive Disorder.

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a serious illness in children and adolescents. Vilazodone is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor approved for MDD in adults. This study evaluated the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of vilazodone in adolescent patients, ages 12-17 years, with MDD (NCT01878292).

A curious case of stress fracture in a transsexual athlete.

Femoral neck stress fractures in young healthy individuals are rare and occur in those who take part in physical training with repetitive loading and those with osteoporosis. Bone density is related to sex hormone status, which is artificially manipulated during gender reassignment. Conflicting evidence currently exists on the effect of cross sex hormone treatment on bone density, with no literature suggesting a link between hormone treatment in gender reassignment and stress fractures.

The effect of obesity on theatre utilisation time during primary hip and knee replacements.

Introduction: The aim of this study is to assess the effect of body mass index (BMI) and body weight on theatre utilisation time during primary total hip (THR) and knee replacements (TKR).

Methods: A total of 1859 cases were included (820 THR and 1039 TKR). Patients were divided into groups based on BMI and body weight.

Surgical site infection risk following pre-operative MRSA detection in elective orthopaedic surgery.

Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the risk of post-operative surgical site infection (SSI) in patients undergoing elective orthopaedic surgery who were colonised with MRSA.

Methods: All patients admitted for elective orthopaedic surgery from January 2008 to December 2012 were screened for MRSA. MRSA positive patients were identified and given topical suppression therapy.

Lateral Parapatellar Approach Without Tibial Tubercle Osteotomy for Fixed Valgus Deformity Correction in Total Knee Arthroplasty.

Introduction: The lateral parapatellar approach provides direct access to the pathological area in a valgus knee deformity and allows sequential titrated release of contracted lateral soft tissues during total knee arthroplasty.

Step 1 Preoperative Planning: Differentiate the flexible and fixed components of the valgus deformity by clinical and radiographic examination.

Step 2 Expansile Lateral Arthrotomy: Open the knee joint from the lateral side by coronal z-plasty of the lateral retinaculum, oblique lateral tenotomy of the quadriceps tendon, and iliotibial band release.

Efficacy and mid term results of lateral parapatellar approach without tibial tubercle osteotomy for primary total knee arthroplasty in fixed valgus knees.

The lateral parapatellar approach, despite providing direct access to the pathological area has not been widely accepted for knee arthroplasty in valgus deformities. We performed a modified lateral (Keblish) approach which consisted of coronal z plasty of lateral retinaculum, quadriceps snip, titrated sequential lateral release and closure with expanded lateral structures in 32 arthritic fixed valgus knees. In 30 knees, either tendon of popliteus or lateral collateral ligament or both could be preserved.

Synthesis of isochromenones and oxepines via Pd-catalyzed cascade cyclization of alkynes and benzynes involving C-H activation.

A new method for the synthesis of various isochromen-6-ones and phenanthro[1,10-bc]oxepines via a palladium-catalyzed cascade carbocyclization of 2-iodobenzyl-3-phenylpropiolates and 1-iodo-2-(2-(phenylethynyl)benzyloxy)benzenes with arynes is described. The reactions involve interesting biscarbocyclization of alkynes and benzynes and C-H bond activation.

Congenital clavicular pseudarthrosis: comparison of two treatment methods.

Background: Congenital pseudarthrosis of the clavicle is rare and popular surgical options include excision of the non-union, iliac crest bone grafting and stabilisation with either a fully threaded pin or stabilisation with a reconstruction plate.

Methods: Between 1995 and 2009, ten patients with congenital pseudarthrosis of the clavicle were retrospectively reviewed for outcome of two different forms of surgical management. Five patients had excision of the non-union, iliac crest bone grafting and stabilisation with a fully threaded pin (group A) and the other five patients had excision of the non-union, iliac crest bone grafting and stabilisation with a reconstruction plate (group B).

Periprosthetic bone remodeling after 12 years differs in cemented and uncemented hip arthroplasties.

Background: Different patterns of stress shielding may lead to differences in periprosthetic bone preservation around cemented and uncemented hips in the long term?

Questions/purposes: The purpose of this study is to compare the difference in periprosthetic bone density between cemented Charnley total hip and uncemented hydroxyapatite-coated Furlong THAs at a minimum followup of 12 years (mean, 16 years; range, 12-24 years).

Methods: We studied a cohort of 17 patients who had bilateral THAs with a cemented Charnley THA on one side and an uncemented Furlong hydroxyapatite-coated THA on the other side. At a minimum followup of 12 years, Harris and Oxford hip scores were used to determine the function, and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry was used to quantify bone mineral density adjacent to the prosthesis.

Operative fixation of unstable ankle fractures in patients aged over 80 years.

Introduction: Controversy exists regarding the surgical treatment of unstable ankle fractures in the very elderly age group of over 80 years. However, the literature regarding the prognosis of surgery in this elderly group is limited. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the results of patients above 80 years old who underwent operative fixation for unstable ankle fractures.

Furlong hydroxyapatite-coated hip prosthesis vs the Charnley cemented hip prosthesis.

We report the results of a prospective trial comparing uncemented Furlong hydroxyapatite-coated total hip arthroplasty and cemented Charnley total hip arthroplasty. One hundred ninety-one patients were allocated into 2 groups depending on their year of birth. One group received a Furlong hydroxyapatite-coated total hip arthroplasty and the other group received a cemented Charnley total hip arthroplasty.

2-dimensional analytic approach for anion differentiation with chromofluorogenic receptors.

By linking the urea moiety at the 1,8 positions of the carbazole fragment, we synthesized host systems 1, 2, and 3 having both chromogenic and fluorogenic signaling subunits. The spectral changes in both the signaling subunits could be easily analyzed via a simple 2-dimensional (2D) analytic approach described here, which enables us to differentiate the given set of anions. Structural studies are also reported.

Quinoxaline-imidazolium receptors for unique sensing of pyrophosphate and acetate by charge transfer.

[structure: see text] Quinoxaline derivatives (1-4) bearing two imidazolium moieties are found to strongly bind anions and show unique charge-transfer fluorescent responses to pyrophosphate and acetate, whereas they show excimer formation with other anions. Anion-binding studies are investigated with fluorescence and 1H NMR analysis, single-crystal X-ray analysis, and theoretical calculations.

Mid term results of Furlong LOL uncemented hip hemiarthroplasty for fractures of the femoral neck.

We report the mid-term results of hemiarthroplasty with the Furlong hydroxyapatite coated bipolar prosthesis for displaced (Garden type III and IV) intracapsular hip fracture in 480 patients operated between 1989 and 2000. Three hundred sixty eight (77%) patients were lost to follow-up due to death, dementia or movement away from the area. In the patients followed up there was an 8% reoperation rate for infection, aseptic loosening, periprosthetic fracture and acetabular erosion.

Organic-inorganic hybrid compounds of Li with bisimidazole derivatives: Li ion binding study and topochemical properties.

The imidazole-based ligands, bis(imidazol-1-yl)methane (Bizm, 1a) and (pyrenyl)bis(imidazol-1-yl) methane (Pbizm,2a) were prepared. With LiClO4, these two compounds formed two novel organic-inorganic hybrid materials: a 3D network polymer Li(Bizm).ClO4 (1b) and a 1D chain polymer Li(Pbizm)2.