Human bocavirus infections in paediatric patients in a tertiary care hospital in Kerala, India.

Human bocaviruses (HBoVs) can cause respiratory illness in young children. Although the first HBoV infection in India was reported in 2010, very little information is available about its prevalence, clinical features, or geographic distribution in this country. This study was conducted using 136 respiratory samples from paediatric patients in a tertiary care hospital in Kerala, 21 of which tested positive for HBoV1 and were further characterized through VP1/VP2 gene sequencing.

Association of corneal endothelial cell morphology with neurodegeneration in mild cognitive impairment and dementia.

Introduction: Corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) detects neurodegeneration in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia and identifies subjects with MCI who develop dementia. This study assessed whether abnormalities in corneal endothelial cell (CEC) morphology are related to corneal nerve morphology, brain volumetry, cerebral ischemia, and cognitive impairment in MCI and dementia.

Methods: Participants with no cognitive impairment (NCI), MCI, and dementia underwent CCM to quantify corneal endothelial cell density (CECD) and area (CECA), corneal nerve fiber morphology, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain volumetry, and severity of brain ischemia.

Cost-effectiveness of FRAX®-based intervention thresholds for management of osteoporosis in Indian women: a Markov microsimulation model analysis.

Unlabelled: A cost-effectiveness analysis of FRAX® intervention thresholds (ITs) in Indian women over 50 years indicated that generic alendronate was cost-effective for age-dependent major osteoporotic fracture (MOF) ITs and hip fracture (HF) ITs starting at ages 60 and 65 years for full and real-world adherence, respectively. Alendronate was cost-effective at fixed MOF IT of 14% and HF IT of 3.5%, regardless of age.

2-year results from an observational study of proactive treatment regimens with intravitreal aflibercept 2 mg in patients with nAMD in clinical practice: XTEND study UK cohort.

Objectives: The 36-month XTEND (NCT03939767) multicentre, observational, prospective study examined the effectiveness of proactive treatment regimens of intravitreal aflibercept (IVT-AFL) 2 mg in treatment-naïve patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) in routine clinical practice. The 12- and 24-month outcomes from the XTEND UK cohort are reported.

Methods: Patients aged ≥50 years with nAMD planned to receive IVT-AFL 2 mg were eligible.

Discriminatory Accuracy of Fracture Risk Assessment Tool in Asian Populations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: This review explores the discriminative ability of fracture risk assessment tool (FRAX) in major osteoporotic fracture (MOF) and hip fracture (HF) risk prediction and the densitometric diagnosis of osteoporosis in Asian populations.

Methods: We systematically searched the EMBASE, Cochrane, and PubMed databases from the earliest indexing date to January 2024. Studies were included if FRAX was used to identify future osteoporotic fractures or a densitometric diagnosis of osteoporosis in an Asian population and reported the area under the curve (AUC) values.

A Rare Case of Superior Mesenteric Artery Thrombosis With Gangrenous Bowel in a Patient With Mitral Valve Replacement in a Hypocoagulable State.

Acute thromboembolism of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) causing mesenteric ischemia has a grave prognosis with high mortality rates. Its rarity and non-specific symptoms often lead to delayed diagnosis and increased morbidity. Early signs can include pain out of proportion to physical findings, with abdominal distension, tenderness, and guarding appearing only in later stages when bowel necrosis has occurred.

Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma: A Case Report.

Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) is an uncommon and aggressive soft tissue tumor primarily affecting older adults, often presenting as a rapidly enlarging, painless mass in the extremities or other deep-seated locations. This case involves a 55-year-old woman who experienced a rapidly progressive and painful swelling in her right thigh following trauma. Imaging studies identified a large, lobulated tumor in the adductor muscles, close to the femur and pubic ramus, with no bone involvement or evidence of distant metastasis.

Instant synthesis of nitrogen-doped TiC MXene quantum dots for fluorescence and electrochemical dual-mode detection of norepinephrine with a portable smartphone assay.

Next-generation 2D materials, such as transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes), have received increasing attention owing to their physicochemical properties. In this study, we synthesized highly intense fluorescent materials, nitrogen-doped MXene quantum dots (N-MQDs) using an easy and less time-consuming microwave-assisted method. These N-MQDs are spherical, fluorescent, and highly sensitive materials, as confirmed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, UV-visible, fluorescence, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, zeta potential, and contact angle measurements.

Effect of yoga on balance, falls, and bone metabolism: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials in healthy individuals.

Unlabelled: This systematic review of 18 RCTs assessed the impact of yoga on balance, fall risk, fear of falling, bone mineral density (BMD), and bone turnover markers in healthy individuals. Yoga significantly improved balance but its effects on BMD were inconclusive. Standardised protocols and longer-term studies are needed.

Association between burnout and workplace climate in transplant clinical pharmacists.

Disclaimer: In an effort to expedite the publication of articles, AJHP is posting manuscripts online as soon as possible after acceptance. Accepted manuscripts have been peer-reviewed and copyedited, but are posted online before technical formatting and author proofing. These manuscripts are not the final version of record and will be replaced with the final article (formatted per AJHP style and proofed by the authors) at a later time.

A Remarkable Presentation of Phyllodes Tumor With Pseudoangiomatous Stromal Hyperplasia.

Phyllodes tumor is a rare and particular type of breast tumor with features of stromal hyperplasia and malignant potential. The present case is an unusual presentation of a phyllodes tumor with pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia (PASH) which forms an essential part of benign breast disease but is not frequently described in association with phyllodes tumor. A 36-year-old female patient was referred to the hospital with a large breast mass considered to be a benign growth.

Synthesis Framework for Designing PtPdCoNiMn High-Entropy Alloy: A Stable Electrocatalyst for Enhanced Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution Reaction.

High entropy alloys (HEAs) are an emerging class of advanced materials characterized by their multifunctionality and potential to replace commercial catalysts in electrocatalytic water splitting. The synergy among the various alloyed elements in HEAs makes them particularly promising for applications in electrocatalysis. However, preparation of HEA via bottom-up approaches by avoiding the formation of mono, di, and tri metallic alloys in the nanoscale is challenging.

Facile fabrication of g-CN/BiS coated melamine foam for oil/water separation applications.

Regular occurrences of oil leaks are recognized as a significant contributor to water pollution, resulting in substantial environmental and ecological challenges, as well as posing potential for fires and explosions. Therefore, it is imperative to create a cost-effective and exceptionally effective absorbent material for separating oil and water. Hydrophobic, foam-like materials have garnered considerable attention as potential absorbers for addressing oil spills and recovering oil from water sources.

Imaging Diagnosis of a Lumbar Hernia: A Rare and Challenging Presentation.

Lumbar hernias, a rare form of abdominal wall hernia, typically present with subtle, gradually enlarging masses in the lumbar region, often overlooked due to their rarity. This case report details a 38-year-old male farmer who experienced a 10-month history of a slowly enlarging, non-tender swelling in the left loin area, which became more prominent during the Valsalva maneuver. Despite having no significant medical history or prior trauma, a CT scan revealed a 2 cm defect in the superior lumbar triangle, with herniation of perinephric fat, confirming the diagnosis of a superior lumbar hernia.

One year analysis of Prospective Memory Clinics Registry in Qatar: A Critical Tool for Dementia Research and Policy Planning.

Background: The Global Dementia Observatory (GDO) is a monitoring and accountability tool for the Global Action Plan on Public Response to Dementia 2017-25. Evidence from dementia registries may be utilized to better address WHO efforts in member countries, as well as to improve clinical practice and public health policy. The goal of this study was to analyze one-year data from a prospective memory clinic registry.

Mitigation of synaptic and memory impairments via F-actin stabilization in Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Synaptic dysfunction, characterized by synapse loss and structural alterations, emerges as a prominent correlate of cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Actin cytoskeleton, which serves as the structural backbone of synaptic architecture, is observed to be lost from synapses in AD. Actin cytoskeleton loss compromises synaptic integrity, affecting glutamatergic receptor levels, neurotransmission, and synaptic strength.

Impact of artificial intelligence assisted compressed sensing technique on scan time and image quality in musculoskeletal MRI - A systematic review.

Introduction: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has revolutionized the diagnosis and treatment of musculoskeletal disorders. Parallel imaging (PI) and compressed sensing (CS) techniques reduce scan time, but higher acceleration factors decrease image quality. Artificial intelligence has enhanced MRI reconstructions by integrating deep learning algorithms.

Red Fluorescent Copper Nanoclusters for Fluorescence, Smartphone, and Electrochemical Sensor Arrays to Detect the Monkeypox A29 Protein.

An zoonotic viral infection called monkeypox (MPXV) is the leading infectious disease globally. MPXV can easily spread from human to human through direct and indirect sexual contact; therefore, accurate and early detection of MPXV is crucial for reducing mortality. Fluorescence-based materials have received significant attention in recent years for biomedical applications.

Association Between Dynapenia, Central Obesity, and Physical Function in Young Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Muscle strength is recognized as a key indicator of overall health and can help identify the risk of cardiometabolic disease. This study explores the relationship between low muscle strength, central obesity, and physical function among young adults.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study from a convenience sample of 513 adults aged 18-25.

Hydrogeochemical factors influencing the dynamics of groundwater characteristics in eco-sensitive areas of the Southern Western Ghats, India.

The inter-ionic relationships of groundwater present in a region as well as various chemical and physical factors all have an impact on the geochemistry of groundwater in an aquifer. To assess the factors influencing the geochemical composition of groundwater in the eco-sensitive area of Western Ghats, Kerala, India, various weathering, and ionic indices were analyzed. Results show groundwater ranges from soft to extremely hard and acidic to alkaline, with high Mn and Fe levels.

Bone Fragility in Diabetes and its Management: A Narrative Review.

Bone fragility is a serious yet under-recognised complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) that is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Multiple complex pathophysiological mechanisms mediating bone fragility amongst DM patients have been proposed and identified. Fracture risk in both type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) continues to be understated and underestimated by conventional risk assessment tools, posing an additional challenge to the identification of at-risk patients who may benefit from earlier intervention or preventive strategies.