COVID-19 Drug Treatments Are Prone to Sequestration in Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Circuits: An Ex Vivo Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Study.

Drug treatments for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) dramatically improve patient outcomes, and although extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has significant use in these patients, it is unknown whether ECMO affects drug dosing. We used an ex vivo adult ECMO model to measure ECMO circuit effects on concentrations of specific COVID-19 drug treatments. Three identical ECMO circuits used in adult patients were set up.

Aerosolized Plus Intravenous Polymyxin B Versus Colistin in the Treatment of Pandrug-Resistant Klebsiella Pneumonia-mediated Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia: A Retrospective Cohort Study in Bangladesh.

Background: Pandrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) is associated with high rate of mortality in intensive care unit (ICU) and has been recognized as a difficult-to-treat infection worldwide. Polymyxin B or colistin-based combination therapies are frequently used worldwide though microbial eradication rate is not promising.

Aim: The aim of this study is to compare the clinical outcome of intravenous with aerosolized polymyxin B versus colistin in the treatment of pandrug-resistant K.

Quantification of levetiracetam in plasma and urine and its application to a pharmacokinetic study of traumatic brain injury patients.

Levetiracetam is an antiepileptic drug used to prevent or treat seizure in patients with severe traumatic brain injury. This study aimed to develop and validate methodology suitable for measuring levetiracetam concentrations in human plasma and urine. Plasma or urine (10 μl) samples were spiked with [H]-levetiracetam and processed using an acetonitrile precipitation.

Pharmacodynamic evaluation of intermittent versus extended and continuous infusions of piperacillin/tazobactam in a hollow-fibre infection model against Escherichia coli clinical isolates.

Objectives: To compare the bacterial killing and emergence of resistance of intermittent versus prolonged (extended and continuous infusions) infusion dosing regimens of piperacillin/tazobactam against two Escherichia coli clinical isolates in a dynamic hollow-fibre infection model (HFIM).

Methods: Three piperacillin/tazobactam dosing regimens (4/0.5 g 8 hourly as 0.

Pharmacodynamic evaluation of intermittent versus extended and continuous infusions of piperacillin/tazobactam in a hollow-fibre infection model against Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Objectives: To compare bacterial killing and the emergence of resistance to piperacillin/tazobactam, administered by intermittent versus prolonged infusion (i.e. extended or continuous), for ceftriaxone-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates in an in vitro dynamic hollow-fibre infection model (HFIM).

What Antibiotic Exposures Are Required to Suppress the Emergence of Resistance for Gram-Negative Bacteria? A Systematic Review.

Background: The rates of antibiotic resistance in Gram-negative bacteria are increasing. One method to minimize resistance emergence may be optimization of antibiotic dosing regimens to achieve drug exposure that suppress the emergence of resistance.

Objective: The aim of this systematic review was to describe the antibiotic exposures associated with suppression of the emergence of resistance for Gram-negative bacteria.

RNA-Seq Analysis of Antibiotic-Producing Bacillus subtilis SC-8 Reveals a Role for Small Peptides in Controlling PapR Signaling.

Bacillus subtilis SC-8 (BSSC8) shows a narrow antimicrobial activity against the Bacillus cereus group. Previously, B. cereus-derived PapR as a signal peptide to stimulate PlcR, which plays a significant role in regulating the transcription of virulence factors, was assumed to stimulate antibiotic production in BSSC8.

Effect of gingival displacement cord and cordless systems on the closure, displacement, and inflammation of the gingival crevice.

Statement Of Problem: The gingival sulcus should remain open long enough for the impression material to flow into it and completely fill the space provided by the gingival displacement. Impressions with less sulcal width have a higher incidence of voids, tearing of impression materials, and reduction in marginal accuracy.

Purpose: The purpose of this clinical study was to investigate the closure, gingival displacement, and gingival inflammation of the gingival crevice after the use of medicated gingival displacement cord and cordless systems.

Evaluation of Antidiarrheal Activity of Methanolic Extract of Maranta arundinacea Linn. Leaves.

Diarrhea is one of the most common causes for thousands of deaths every year. Therefore, identification of new source of antidiarrheal drugs becomes one of the most prominent focuses in modern research. Our aim was to investigate the antidiarrheal and cytotoxic activities of methanolic extract of Maranta arundinacea linn.

Treatment Using Functionally Fixed Prosthesis: A Case Report.

Most dental practitioners as well as their patients prefer to have fixed rather than removable prosthesis. However, there are many clinical situations that prohibit the use of the fixed treatment modality. These clinical cases can vary from, simply not having the proper number of healthy teeth and/or implants to, the esthetically challenging cases of high smile lines and severe loss of alveolar support.

Antimicrobial peptides of the genus Bacillus: a new era for antibiotics.

The rapid onset of resistance reduces the efficacy of most conventional antimicrobial drugs and is a general cause of concern for human well-being. Thus, there is great demand for a continuous supply of novel antibiotics to combat this problem. Bacteria-derived antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have long been used as food preservatives; moreover, prior to the development of conventional antibiotics, these AMPs served as an efficient source of antibiotics.

Implantable microchip: the futuristic controlled drug delivery system.

There is no doubt that controlled and pulsatile drug delivery system is an important challenge in medicine over the conventional drug delivery system in case of therapeutic efficacy. However, the conventional drug delivery systems often offer a limited by their inability to drug delivery which consists of systemic toxicity, narrow therapeutic window, complex dosing schedule for long term treatment etc. Therefore, there has been a search for the drug delivery system that exhibit broad enhancing activity for more drugs with less complication.

Evaluation of antinociceptive activity of hydromethanol extract of Cyperus rotundus in mice.

Background: Cyperus rotundus Linn. (Cyperaceae) is used to treat inflammation, pain, fever, wounds, boils and blisters in folk medicine. This study evaluated the antinociceptive effect of the hydromethanol extract of whole plant of C.